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Year Long Plan
Grade: 6th
Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Teacher: Ms. Luna
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Unit 1: The Nature of Matter (36 days)
Unit 2 (cont): Interactions of Matter (35 days)
Chapter 1: The Nature of Science
Content:
 Science describes observations of the natural world and proposes explanations for
those observations.
 Scientific investigations follow a general pattern of observing, hypothesizing,
investigating, analyzing, and concluding.
 A model is a representation of an object of event that helps scientists understand the
natural world.
 How reliable an explanation is depends on the accuracy of the observations and
conclusions supporting the explanation.
Skills:
 Define science and identify questions that science cannot answer.
 Compare and contrast theories and laws.
 Identify a system and its components.
 Identify the three main branches of science.
 Identify some skills scientists use.
 Define hypothesis.
 Recognize the difference between observation and inference.
 Describe various types of models.
 Discuss limitations of models.
 Evaluate scientific explanations.
 Evaluate promotional claims.
Chapter 7: Electricity and Magnetism
Content:
 Like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other.
 Electrical energy can be transferred to devices in a circuit when electrons flow in
the circuit.
 Like magnetic poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other.
Skills:
 Describe how electric charges exert forces on each other.
 Define an electric field.
 Explain how objects can become electrically charged.
 Describe how lightning occurs.
 Describe how an electric current flows.
 Explain how electrical energy is transferred to a circuit.
 Explain how current, voltage, and resistance are related in a circuit.
 Distinguish between series and parallel circuits.
 Describe how magnets exert forces on each other.
 Explain why some materials are magnetic.
 Describe how objects become temporary magnets.
 Explain how an electric generator produces electrical energy.
Chapter 2: Measurement
Content:
 Measurements of a single item might vary depending on the accuracy of the
measuring device or the precision of the measurements.
 The SI system of units provides a worldwide standard of measurement.
 Data can be displayed visually using drawings, tables, and graphs.
Skills:
 Determine how reasonable a measurement is by estimating.
 Identify and use the rules for rounding a number.
 Distinguish between precision and accuracy in measurements.
 Identify the purpose of SI.
 Identify the SI units of length, volume, mass, temperature, time, and rate.
 Describe how to use pictures and tables to give information.
 Identify and use three types of graphs.
 Distinguish the correct use of each type of graph.
Chapter 3: Matter and Its Changes
Content:
 The physical properties of matter are observed or measured and they can change.
 Matter has chemical properties and the identity of matter can change.
Skills:
 Identify physical properties of matter.
 Explain why materials with different masses have different densities.
 Observe water displacement to determine volume.
 Describe the states of matter.
 Determine how temperature changes affect substances.
 Classify matter using physical properties.
 Recognize chemical properties.
 Identify chemical changes.
 Classify matter according to chemical properties.
 Describe the law of conservation of mass.
Chapter 4: Atoms, Elements, and the Periodic Table
Content:
 Atoms contain protons and neutrons in a tiny nucleus and electrons in a cloud
around the nucleus.
 An element is made of atoms that have the same number of protons.
 Compounds contain different types of atoms bonded together. Mixtures contain
different substances mixed together.
Skills:
 Describe the characteristics of matter.
 Identify what makes up matter.
Chapter 8: Waves
Content:
 Waves can carry energy through matter or through empty space.
 Waves can be described by their amplitude, wavelength, and frequency.
 Waves can change direction at the boundary between different materials.
Skills:
 Explain the relationship between waves, energy, and matter.
 Describe the difference between transverse waves and compressional waves.
 Describe the relationship between the frequency and wavelengths of a wave.
 Explain why waves travel at different speeds.
 Explain how waves can reflect from some surfaces.
 Explain how waves change direction when they move from one material to another.
 Describe how waves are able to bend around barriers.
Unit 3: Earth’s Changing Surface (44 days)
Chapter 9: Rocks and Minerals
Content:
 Each mineral has a set of physical properties that can be used to identify it.
 Igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks are three of the main kinds of rocks.
 Rocks are changing constantly from one type to another.
Skills:
 Identify the difference between a mineral and a rock.
 Describe the properties that are used to identify minerals.
 Explain how extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks are different.
 Describe how different types of sedimentary rocks form.
 Describe the conditions needed for metamorphic rocks to form.
 Explain how all rocks are linked by the rock cycle.
Chapter 10: Forces Shaping Earth
Content:
 Forces within Earth cause movement of Earth’s plates.
 There are four main types of mountains—fault-block, folded, upwarped, and
volcanic.
Skills:
 Describe how Earth’s interior is divided into layers.
 Explain how plates of Earth’s lithosphere move.
 Discuss why earth’s plates move.
 Describe how Earth’s mountains form and erode.
 Compare types of mountains.
 Identify the forces that shape Earth’s mountains.
Chapter 11: Weathering and Erosion
Content:
 Many factors, such as weathering, climate, and time, affect soil formation.
 All agents of erosion, such as gravity, ice, wind, and water, change Earth’s surface.
Year Long Plan
Grade: 6th
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Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
Identify the parts of an atom.
Compare the models that are used for atoms.
Identify the relationship between elements and the periodic table.
Explain the meaning of atomic mass and atomic number.
Identify what makes an isotope.
Contrast metals, metalloids, and nonmetals.
Identify the characteristics of a compound.
Compare and contrast different types of mixtures.
Unit 2: Interaction of Matter (35 days)
Chapter 5: Motion, Forces, and Simple Machines
Content:
 An object accelerates if its speed or direction of motion changes.
 Unbalanced forces change the speed or direction of an objects motion.
 Machines make doing work easier by changing how a force is applied to an object.
Skills:
 Define speed and acceleration.
 Relate acceleration to change in speed.
 Calculate distance, speed and acceleration.
 Describe how forces affect motion.
 Calculate acceleration using Newton’s second law of motion.
 Explain Newton’s third law of motion.
 Define work.
 Distinguish the different types of simple machines.
 Explain how machines make work easier.
Chapter 6: Energy
Content:
 An object can have kinetic energy and potential energy.
 Heat is energy that moves from a higher temperature to a lower temperature.
 Chemical energy stored in the bonds between atoms can be released in a chemical
reaction.
Skills:
 Explain what energy is.
 Describe the forms energy takes.
 Compare and contrast potential energy and kinetic energy.
 Distinguish between temperature and heat.
 Identify important uses of heat.
 Explain how heat moves.
 Determine how chemical energy is transformed.
 Explain how reaction rates are changed.
Teacher: Ms. Luna
Skills:
 Identify processes that break rock apart.
 Describe processes that chemically change rock.
 Explain how soil evolves.
 Identify agents of erosion.
 Describe the effects of erosion.
Chapter 12: The Atmosphere in Motion
Content:
 Earth’s atmosphere provides gases necessary to support life, protects living things
against harmful solar radiation, and distributes warmth and moisture.
 Weather describes the current condition of the atmosphere.
 Weather changes quickly when a different air mass enters an arena.
Skills:
 Explain why air has pressure.
 Describe the composition of the atmosphere.
 Describe how energy causes water on Earth to cycle.
 Compare ways that heat is transferred on Earth.
 Describe the formation of different kinds of clouds and precipitation.
 Explain what causes wind.
 Explain the ways that air masses and fronts form.
 Discuss the causes of severe weather.
 Explain how technology is used to monitor and predict weather.
Chapter 13: Oceans
Content:
 The composition of ocean water has remained nearly constant for hundreds of
millions of years.
 Ocean currents move water and distribute heat from place to place and can influence
climate.
 Waves carry energy that can erode shorelines and deposit sediments, forming
beaches.
 The oceans are home to many different kinds of organisms.
Skills:
 State the importance of Earth’s oceans.
 Discuss the origin of the oceans.
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Discuss the composition of seawater.
Explain how temperature and pressure vary with depth.
State how wind and Earth’s rotation influence surface currents.
Explain how ocean currents affect weather and climate.
Describe the causes and effects of density currents.
Explain how upwelling occurs.
Describe how wind can form ocean waves.
Explain the movement of water molecules in a wave.
Describe how the Moon and Sun cause Earth’s tides.
List the forces that cause shoreline erosion.
Describe the characteristics of plankton, nekton, and bottom-dwelling
organisms.
 Distinguish among producers, consumers, and decomposers.
 Discuss how energy and nutrients are cycled in the oceans.
 Explain how organisms in the oceans interact in food chains.
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter
Unit 4: Beyond Earth (18 days)
Unit 5 (cont): Life’s Diversity (43 days)
Chapter 14: Exploring Space
Content:
 The light and other energy leaving a star are forms of radiation.
 The space age began in 1957 when the former Soviet Union used a rocket to send
Sputnik I into space.
 Many people have benefited from research done for space programs.
Skills:
 Explain the electromagnetic spectrum.
 Identify the difference between refracting and reflecting telescopes.
 Recognize the differences between optical and radio telescopes.
 Compare and contrast natural and artificial satellites.
Chapter 19: The Human Body
Content:
 Human body systems interact to maintain homeostasis.
 It is now known that interactions among alleles, genes, and the environment
determine an organisms traits.
Skills:
 Explain how the skeletal and muscular systems provide structure and allow
movement.
 Identify the functions of the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
 Distinguish between the nervous and endocrine system.
Year Long Plan
Grade: 6th
Subject: Science
School Year: 2010-2011
 Identify the differences between artificial satellites and space probes.
 Explain the history of the race to the Moon.
 Explain the benefits of the space shuttle.
 Identify the usefulness of orbital space stations.
 Explore future space missions.
 Identify the application of space technology to everyday life.
Chapter 15: The Solar System and Beyond
Content:
 Seasons, phases of the Moon, eclipses, and tides are caused by relationships
between the Sun, Earth, and the Moon.
 The solar system is made up of eight planets and numerous other objects that orbit
the sun.
 Billions of galaxies with all their stars make up the universe.
Skills:
 Explain Earth’s rotation and revolution.
 Explain why Earth has seasons.
 Model the relative positions of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun during different lunar
phases.
 Compare and contrast the planets and moons in the solar system.
 Explain that Earth is the only planet known to support life.
 Explain why stars appear to move across the sky.
 Describe some constellations.
 Explain the life cycle of stars,
Unit 5: Life’s Diversity (43 days)
Chapter 16: Cells—The Units of Life
Content:
 Different cell types can have different structures, but some cell structures are
common to all cells.
 Many-celled organisms have different cells that work together to perform different
functions.
Skills:
 Discuss cell theory.
 Identify some of the parts of animal and plant cells.
 Explain the functions of different cell parts.
 Discuss how different cells have different jobs.
 Explain the difference among tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Chapter 17: Invertebrate Animals
Content:
 Animals are classified into groups with similar characteristics.
 Sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, and round-worms have basic body systems.
 Specialized body structures allow animals to live in varied environments.
 Arthropods and echinoderms are extremely diverse groups of animals.
Skills:
 Identify the characteristics of animals.
 Differentiate between vertebrates and invertebrates.
 Explain how the symmetry of animals differs.
 Describe the structures that make up sponges and cnidarians.
 Compare how sponges and cnidarians get food and reproduce.
 Differentiate between flatworms and roundworms.
 Identify the characteristics of mollusks.
 Compare the similarities and differences between an open and a closed circulatory
systems.
 Describe the characteristics of segmented worms.
 Explain the digestive process of an earthworm.
 List the features used to classify arthropods.
 Explain how the structure of the exoskeleton relates to its function.
 Identify features of echinoderms.
Chapter 18: Vertebrate Animals
Content:
 Vertebrates have an internal system of bones including a backbone.
 Amphibians and reptiles are both egg-laying, exothermic vertebrates.
 Birds are the only animals with feathers.
 Mammals’ body systems are adapted to their environment.
Skills:
 Identify the major characteristics of chordates.
 List the major characteristics common to all vertebrates.
 Explain the difference between ectotherms and endotherms.
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Teacher: Ms. Luna
Explain how your body systems provide defense.
Identify the organs of the male and female reproductive systems.
List the stages in the menstrual cycle.
Describe the stages of development before birth.
Sequence the life stags of adults.
Chapter 20: The Role of Genes in Inheritance
Content:
 Reproduction results in the passing of genetic material from one generation to the
next and ensures the continuation of species.
 By studying genetics, you can learn how you and other organisms inherit traits.
Skills:
 Describe how cells divide.
 Identify the importance of reproduction for living things.
 Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction.
 Describe the structure and function of DNA.
 Explain how traits are inherited.
 Relate chromosomes, genes, and DNA to one another.
 Discuss how mutations add variation to a population.
Unit 6: Life and the Environment (16 days)
Chapter 21: Ecology
Content:
 Ecosystems have living and nonliving parts.
 All living things are organized into groups.
 Energy moves within ecosystems.
Skills:
 Describe the living and nonliving factors in an ecosystem.
 Explain how the parts of an ecosystem interact.
 Explain how ecologists organize living things.
 Describe relationships among living things.
 Explain how organisms get the energy they need.
 Describe how energy flows through an ecosystem.
Chapter 22: Earth’s Resources
Content:
 Earth has a limited supply of natural resources.
 Humans significantly impact Earth’s natural resources and the environment.
 Reduce, reuse, and recycle are three ways to conserve natural resources.
Skills:
 Explain how resources are used.
 Describe how resources are classified.
 Explain how people affect the environment.
 Describe different types of pollution.
 Describe the problems of solid waste.
 Explain how to reduce, reuse, and recycle resources.
Year Long Plan
Grade: 6th
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Subject: Science
Name the characteristics of the three classes of fish.
Describe how amphibians have adapted to live in water and on land.
Explain what happens during frog metamorphosis,
Identify the adaptations that allow reptiles to live on land.
Identify the characteristics of birds.
Describe the adaptations birds have for flight.
Explain the function of feathers.
Identify the characteristics common to all mammals.
Explain how mammals are adapted to the different environments on Earth.
Distinguish among monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.
School Year: 2010-2011
Teacher: Ms. Luna