Download Study Guide for Oceans, Currents, Tides, and Waves

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Study Guide for Oceans, Currents, Tides, Waves and Water Cycle Benchmark Test
Complete in pencil
1. ___SONAR_________ is used to measure how deep the ocean is?
2. Surface currents in the ocean are caused by__________WIND___________.
3. Define tide.__________REGULAR RISE AND FALL OF WATER DUE TO GRAVITATIONAL PULL
OF THE MOON AND SUN. MOSTLY BY THE MOON.________________________
4. Ocean water has a higher concentration of SODIUM CHLORIDE,
NaCl, salt than fresh water.
5. Is the ocean floor smooth and flat? If not what is it like?
__THE OCEAN FLOOR IS NOT SMOOTH. IT HAS MOUNTAINS, PLAINS, TRENCHES,
VOLCANOES, ETC.
6. What happens to the air over land when a cool breeze comes in from the ocean? ____________________
_COOL AIR RUSHES IN REPLACING THE WARM AIR THAT IS RISING._______________
7. When/How do clouds form? CLOUDS FORM WHEN WATER VAPOR COOLS AND CONDENSES,
TURING BACK INTO LIQUID WATER, ATTACHING ITSELF TO DUST PARTICLES IN THE
ATMOSPHERE._____________________________________________________________
8. Where is the greatest amount of Earth’s fresh water found? ___________POLAR ICE CAPS AND
GLACIERS_____________________
9. Most water vapor in the atmosphere comes from?____THE OCEANS______________________________
10. Which has a lower average temperature; the Pacific Ocean or the Atlantic Ocean? THE ATLANTIC
11. What technology is used to study the ocean floor?____SONAR__________________
12. What powers Earth’s water cycle? ____THE SUN____________________________________
13. Where does salt in the sea come from? ___________WEATHERING AND EROSION OF ROCKS
CREATES DISSOLVED MINERALS.
14. What is the most abundant salt in the ocean? ___SODIUM CHLORIDE, SALT, NaCl______________
15. What is the intertidal zone? ___THE AREA EXPOSED AT THE SHORELINE DURING LOW TIDE
AND COVERED UP WITH WATER DURING HIGH TIDE.
__________________________________________________
16. What is a rip current? __________A NARROW RUSH OF WATER THAT FLOWS OUT FROM THE
SHORE AND IS PERPENDICULAR TO THE SHORE.
17. Which form of ocean life lives mainly in the middle (transition or thermocline) zone?
plankton, coral, nekton, or benthos (circle one)
NEKTON
18. Do we currently use sunlight as a main source of energy? Yes or No NO
19. Most water found on earth is fresh water. T or F
FALSE
20 The oceans tides are caused by GRAVITATIONAL PULL OF THE MOON AND SUN. THE MOON
HAS MORE IMPACT THAN THE SUN.
21. How are Earth, Moon, & Sun aligned during high spring tides? Draw a diagram of their placement.
SUN – MOON – EARTH OR SUN – EARTH – MOON, ALL IN A STRAIGHT LINE
22. Water in Earth’s atmosphere comes from MOSTLY THE EARTH’S OCEANS.
23 Describe the continental shelf? (be specific) ____LIES JUST OFF THE SHORELINE AND EXTENDS
TO THE CONTINENTAL SLOPE.___________________________________________
24. Evaporating water into the atmosphere is an important function of the oceans. T or F TRUE
25. Evaporation is an important process in the water cycle. T or F
TRUE
26. What causes the tides in Earth’s oceans? ______THE GRAVITATIONAL PULL FO THE
MOON.______________________________________________________
27. What is condensation? _____WHEN WATER VAPOR CHANGES INTO A LIQUID. THIS CAN BE IN
THE FORM OF CLOUDS, DEW, WATER ON THE OUTSIDE OF A GLASS, ETC.
28. How is the salinity balance maintained in the ocean? __WATER CONTINUOUSLY EVAPORATES
BACK OUT OF THE OCEAN INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. _
29. Number these seafloor features in order from the shoreline to the deep sea.
(2) continental slope
(1) continental shelf
(4) mid-ocean ridge
(3) continental rise
30. Name the two main physical changes essential to the water cycle. EVAPORATION AND
CONDENSATION
31. How do moving air masses and gravity affect the distribution of freshwater to inland locations?
________MOVING AIR MASSES AND GRAVITY ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF
FRESHWATER TO INLAND LOCATIONS VIA PRECIPATATIOIN.
32. Describe what you would see on the deep ocean floor._______________________________________
HIGH MOUNTAINS, DEEP VALLEYS, SEAMOUNTS
33. How do warm and cold ocean currents affect the climate on land? WARM CURRENTS BRING WARM
AIR, COLD CURRENTS BRING COLD AIR.
34. Which gets the most sunlight; the abyssal plain, the continental shelf, or the continental slope?(circle one)
ANSWER: CONTINENTAL SHELF
35. A difference between seawater and the water in our homes is seawater contains more dissolved minerals
T or F TRUE
36. Define: evaporation, condensation, & precipitation.__________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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