Download Why did East Asia withdraw into isolationism during a time of

Why did East Asia withdraw into isolationism
during a time of European expansion?
How do you think this connects to
history later or even to today?
Terms to know
•
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Isolationism
Shogun
Dynasty
daimyo
Places
• Japan
• China
Tokugawa Shogunate
• At the end of the 15th century, Japan was
in chaos (1490’s + chaos = not a good
time to be in Japan unless you were a
daimyo)
• The shogunate had collapsed and
Daimyo, heads of noble families,
controlled their own lands and everybody
was warring with everybody.
• In the 16th century 3 leaders emerged.
Each succeeded the other one in power.
• The last, Tokugawa Ieyasu took control in
1598 and made himself shogun
• The Tokugawa shogunate remained in
power until 1868. This period was known
as the “Great Peace”
Tokugawa Rule
• All missionaries were expelled from Japan
and all Japanese Christians were
persecuted. This was in part due to the Jesuits destroying Japanese Shrines –
very unpopular with the Japanese
• European merchants were next. One
Dutch community was allowed to remain in
Nagasaki but was only allowed one Dutch
ship to harbor one time a year
• The daimyo were controlled by a hostage
system. His family was kept close to the
shogunate when the daimyo traveled
• The samurai who had served the daimyo (land
owners) ceased to be the warrior class.
Have you seen Tom Cruise in “The Last Samurai”?
(just checking)
• Trade and industry within Japan flourished.
• Women’s rights in Japan were diminished and
women were very restricted
• With westerners forbidden to enter Japan,
Japanese culture flourished. Japan was
very self-sufficient. European influence
was removed and this allowed Japan to
remain in isolation for centuries.
• Later when Europe asserted influence
again in China and colonized some of
Asia, Japan remained untouched.
Part 2
The Great Ming Naval Expeditions
First the Ming Dynasty
• The Chinese Ming Dynasty lasted from 1368 –
1644
• The Great Wall was strengthened – the Imperial
City in Beijing was built
• China extended its rule into Mongolia, Central
Asia and briefly Vietnam
• Effective government, nationwide schools
• New crops introduced, factories and workshops
thrived
• The Ming Dynasty established an era of
greatness in China
Zheng He
• Exploration was encouraged by the Emperor
Yong Le
• Made 7 voyages of exploration. (1405-1433)
• The first voyage had nearly 28,000 men on 62
ships. (think about Columbus who was sailing
west about this time with 3 little ships and a
small crew)
• The largest ship was over 440 ft long
(Columbus’s largest ship was 75 feet)
What if Zheng He
had reached the Americas
before Columbus?
Zheng He sailed as far
as Africa and brought
back information
about the outside world.
Oh…. He also brought
back giraffes to China.
• The voyages led to enormous profits (some
followers of Confucianism felt that trading activities were unworthy)
• When Emperor Yong Le died, the voyages
stopped and the entire fleet burned.
Chinese were no longer allowed to sail
outside the Chinese waters.
REVIEW
In fifteenth-century china, wars, economic crisis,
construction projects, and inefficient government
caused the end of the
A)
B)
C)
D)
Manchu dynasty
Portuguese rule of Macau
Building of the Great Wall
Great Ming Naval Expeditions
The Tokugawa Shogunate was
abolished during what period?
a)
b)
c)
d)
The Portuguese rule of Macau
The Meiji Restoration
WW I
During the Boshin War
Which of the following was true of
Japan under the Tokugawa
shoguns?
A) It had good trade relations with the
Europeans.
B) It was isolated from the rest of the
world.
C) It was a haven for Christians.
D) It was the center of a flourishing Pacific
trade.
How did Tokugawa shoguns react
toward foreign traders?
A) The Tokugawa welcomed in foreign
traders
B) The Tokugawa imposed strict laws on
the foreign traders
C) The Tokugawa barred all foreign
traders
D) The Tokugawa decided to allow limited
trade with foreign traders
Which of the following best describes isolationist
Japan during the period of the Tokugawa
shogunate?
A) an increase in exports of Japanese goods to
many European countries.
B) A development of military alliances with
European countries in an effort to strengthen
Japan’s position against China in the far East.
C) The introduction of European political ideas
into the Japanese government, especially the
idea of monarchy
D) A fear of the challenge of power by the pope to
the Japanese government ruled by the
Tokugawa shoguns