Lessons Learned from Historic Plague Epidemics - e
... diseases, namely tuberculosis, smallpox, and plague, have occupied human minds for thousands of years. Plague, an ancient disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, has been the cause of several epidemics and three known pandemics, claiming the lives of millions of people [1]. The first pandem ...
... diseases, namely tuberculosis, smallpox, and plague, have occupied human minds for thousands of years. Plague, an ancient disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, has been the cause of several epidemics and three known pandemics, claiming the lives of millions of people [1]. The first pandem ...
Introduction to Microbiology PowerPoint Lecture
... Images: Yersenia pestis, CDC; Black Death illustration, Toggenburg Bible (1411); Black Plague Physician Attire, History of Medicine, Paul Furst ...
... Images: Yersenia pestis, CDC; Black Death illustration, Toggenburg Bible (1411); Black Plague Physician Attire, History of Medicine, Paul Furst ...
Ecological Epidemiology - Princeton University Press
... epidemic curve of an infection. This is the time series of new cases following the introduction of the parasite into a population of hosts. Assuming there are suffi cient susceptible hosts present for the parasite to invade (i.e., the critical population size, ST, is exceeded), the initial growth of ...
... epidemic curve of an infection. This is the time series of new cases following the introduction of the parasite into a population of hosts. Assuming there are suffi cient susceptible hosts present for the parasite to invade (i.e., the critical population size, ST, is exceeded), the initial growth of ...
Red Mouth Disease in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
... Etiologic agent of red mouth disease is the bacterium Yersinia ruckeri, very virulent bacteriosis from fam. Enterobacteriaceae, originally isolated in 1950 from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Hagerman Valley of Idaho, USA, by R. Rucker (quoted Ghittino P., 1985). Now bacteria are found i ...
... Etiologic agent of red mouth disease is the bacterium Yersinia ruckeri, very virulent bacteriosis from fam. Enterobacteriaceae, originally isolated in 1950 from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Hagerman Valley of Idaho, USA, by R. Rucker (quoted Ghittino P., 1985). Now bacteria are found i ...
Preparing and Responding to Bioterrorism: Information for
... MPH, at the Northwest Center for Public Health Practice in Seattle, WA, and Jeff Duchin, MD with Public Health – Seattle & King County and the Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of WA, for the purpose of educating primary care clinicians in relevant aspects of bioterrorism prepare ...
... MPH, at the Northwest Center for Public Health Practice in Seattle, WA, and Jeff Duchin, MD with Public Health – Seattle & King County and the Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, University of WA, for the purpose of educating primary care clinicians in relevant aspects of bioterrorism prepare ...
BIOTERRORISM - Univerzita Karlova v Praze
... 500mg orally bd 20-30mg/kg bd for 6 weeks Doxycycline (if 100mg orally bd 5mg/kg orally in cipro x tolerated two divided /indicated) doses Although normally used with caution or contraindicated, these drugs may be given in pregnancy, lactation and childhood to protect against anthrax ...
... 500mg orally bd 20-30mg/kg bd for 6 weeks Doxycycline (if 100mg orally bd 5mg/kg orally in cipro x tolerated two divided /indicated) doses Although normally used with caution or contraindicated, these drugs may be given in pregnancy, lactation and childhood to protect against anthrax ...
Modeling plague transmission in Medieval European - DUO
... thousands of years, historical accounts of plague spreading with clothes, and the collection of plague infected human ectoparasites during modern outbreaks in Africa. However, there is debate over whether or not human fleas P. irritans are effective vectors for Y. pestis as compared to the rat flea ...
... thousands of years, historical accounts of plague spreading with clothes, and the collection of plague infected human ectoparasites during modern outbreaks in Africa. However, there is debate over whether or not human fleas P. irritans are effective vectors for Y. pestis as compared to the rat flea ...
Plague - Docstoc
... in Africa and killed 100 million people over a span of 60 years. plague killed approximately one fourth of Europe's population. • The pandemic that began in China in the 1860s spread to Hong Kong in the 1890s and was subsequently spread by rats transported on ships to Africa, Asia, California, and p ...
... in Africa and killed 100 million people over a span of 60 years. plague killed approximately one fourth of Europe's population. • The pandemic that began in China in the 1860s spread to Hong Kong in the 1890s and was subsequently spread by rats transported on ships to Africa, Asia, California, and p ...
Recognition and Management of Bioterrorism Infections
... hemorrhagic fever. Anthrax and smallpox must be distinguished from such common infections as influenza and varicella. Anthrax treatment is stratified into postexposure prophylaxis and treatment of confirmed cutaneous, intestinal, or inhalation anthrax. Disease prevention by vaccination and isolation ...
... hemorrhagic fever. Anthrax and smallpox must be distinguished from such common infections as influenza and varicella. Anthrax treatment is stratified into postexposure prophylaxis and treatment of confirmed cutaneous, intestinal, or inhalation anthrax. Disease prevention by vaccination and isolation ...
Editable Lecture PowerPoint
... Images: Yersenia pestis, CDC; Black Death illustration, Toggenburg Bible (1411); Black Plague Physician Attire, History of Medicine, Paul Furst ...
... Images: Yersenia pestis, CDC; Black Death illustration, Toggenburg Bible (1411); Black Plague Physician Attire, History of Medicine, Paul Furst ...
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan
... Patients are most infectious if they are coughing or have hemorrhagic form Person to person spread ...
... Patients are most infectious if they are coughing or have hemorrhagic form Person to person spread ...
DSTO-GD-0699 PR - Department of Defence
... more [12]. Contacts with rodents harbouring infective fleas are often unrecognized and allow the transmission of the vector to humans. Very close contact (less than 2 metres) with a person who suffers from primary pulmonary plague is required to transmit it between humans [12]. The more common form ...
... more [12]. Contacts with rodents harbouring infective fleas are often unrecognized and allow the transmission of the vector to humans. Very close contact (less than 2 metres) with a person who suffers from primary pulmonary plague is required to transmit it between humans [12]. The more common form ...
anthrax as a biological weapon
... 1894 - Began in China • 1898 - Southwest to India • 1898 - South to Vietnam • 1900 - Trans-Pacific to United States ...
... 1894 - Began in China • 1898 - Southwest to India • 1898 - South to Vietnam • 1900 - Trans-Pacific to United States ...
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan
... Direct exposure to cutaneous anthrax lesions may result in secondary cutaneous infections ...
... Direct exposure to cutaneous anthrax lesions may result in secondary cutaneous infections ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
... and Danio rerio for more than 20 years. Over the past two years, the use of these model hosts to dissect bacterial virulence mechanisms has been expanded to include the important human pathogens Vibrio cholerae and Yersinia pestis. Innovative approaches using these alternative hosts have also been d ...
... and Danio rerio for more than 20 years. Over the past two years, the use of these model hosts to dissect bacterial virulence mechanisms has been expanded to include the important human pathogens Vibrio cholerae and Yersinia pestis. Innovative approaches using these alternative hosts have also been d ...
Disease
... Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis and is the disease known in the middle ages as the black death. This is because it frequently leads to gangrene and blackening of various parts of the body. Capillary fragility results in hemorrhages in the skin which also result in black patches. ...
... Plague is caused by Yersinia pestis and is the disease known in the middle ages as the black death. This is because it frequently leads to gangrene and blackening of various parts of the body. Capillary fragility results in hemorrhages in the skin which also result in black patches. ...
A Strategy to Identify Novel Antimicrobial Compounds
... High-level resistance often requires that several consecutive mutations occur. The initial mutation is enough for a slight resistance toward the antimicrobial compound, allowing for sequential mutations in this population, conferring high-level resistance [7, 33]. The alterations introduced that pr ...
... High-level resistance often requires that several consecutive mutations occur. The initial mutation is enough for a slight resistance toward the antimicrobial compound, allowing for sequential mutations in this population, conferring high-level resistance [7, 33]. The alterations introduced that pr ...
Biological warfare: the facts - Hong Kong College of Emergency
... dose and strain of inhaled organism. There has been no evidence of direct person-to-person spread of the disease from inhalation anthrax. The onset of inhalation anthrax is gradual and nonspecific. There may be prodrome of fever, malaise, nonproductive cough and mild chest discomfort. 13,19 The init ...
... dose and strain of inhaled organism. There has been no evidence of direct person-to-person spread of the disease from inhalation anthrax. The onset of inhalation anthrax is gradual and nonspecific. There may be prodrome of fever, malaise, nonproductive cough and mild chest discomfort. 13,19 The init ...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS)
... immunocompetent animals and are in general mild and self limiting; as such they do not adversely affect their lives. The exceptions are those infections associated with the gastrointestinal tract that result in chronic enterocolitis, a condition that, albeit of low incidence, is a persistent and wid ...
... immunocompetent animals and are in general mild and self limiting; as such they do not adversely affect their lives. The exceptions are those infections associated with the gastrointestinal tract that result in chronic enterocolitis, a condition that, albeit of low incidence, is a persistent and wid ...
Modelling the bubonic plague in a prairie dog burrow, a work in
... flora and fauna dynamics, with over a hundred related species [5]. However, the introduction of this exotic disease has severe consequences on the population of prairie dogs, and thus affects the whole ecosystem. Indeed, prairie dogs are extremely susceptible to the plague, and their mortality rate ...
... flora and fauna dynamics, with over a hundred related species [5]. However, the introduction of this exotic disease has severe consequences on the population of prairie dogs, and thus affects the whole ecosystem. Indeed, prairie dogs are extremely susceptible to the plague, and their mortality rate ...
Microbiology Bioterrorism Plan
... Clinical labs may be the first to see an organism in a covert attack (an unannounced act of terrorism resulting in persons presenting non-specific signs and symptoms). Often these bioterrorism agents will resemble usual flora and environmental contaminants and may be a gram negative bacilli or a coc ...
... Clinical labs may be the first to see an organism in a covert attack (an unannounced act of terrorism resulting in persons presenting non-specific signs and symptoms). Often these bioterrorism agents will resemble usual flora and environmental contaminants and may be a gram negative bacilli or a coc ...
Pathogenicity and Infection
... • Soluble, heat-labile, proteins • Secreted into surroundings as pathogen grows • Most exotoxin producers are Gram-positive • Very specific in their action - often travel from site of infection to other tissues or cells where they exert their effects – neurotoxins, enterotoxins, cytotoxins, etc. ...
... • Soluble, heat-labile, proteins • Secreted into surroundings as pathogen grows • Most exotoxin producers are Gram-positive • Very specific in their action - often travel from site of infection to other tissues or cells where they exert their effects – neurotoxins, enterotoxins, cytotoxins, etc. ...
Backcalculation of the disease-age specific frequency of secondary
... the time-course of infectiousness. One approach is to quantify how the pathogen load ...
... the time-course of infectiousness. One approach is to quantify how the pathogen load ...
Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis (formerly Pasteurella pestis) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped coccobacillus, a facultative anaerobic bacterium that can infect humans and animals. It causes the deadly disease named plague.Human Y. pestis infection takes three main forms: pneumonic, septicemic, and bubonic plagues. All three forms were responsible for a number of high-mortality epidemics throughout human history, including: the sixth century's Plague of Justinian; the Black Death, which accounted for the death of at least one-third of the European population between 1347 and 1353; and the 19th century's Third Pandemic. These plagues probably originated in China and were transmitted west via trade routes.Y. pestis was discovered in 1894 by Alexandre Yersin, a Swiss/French physician and bacteriologist from the Pasteur Institute, during an epidemic of plague in Hong Kong. Yersin was a member of the Pasteur school of thought. Kitasato Shibasaburō, a German-trained Japanese bacteriologist who practiced Koch's methodology, was also engaged at the time in finding the causative agent of plague. However, Yersin actually linked plague with Y. pestis. Originally named Pasteurella pestis, the organism was renamed in 1967.Every year, thousands of cases of plague are still reported to the World Health Organization, although, with proper treatment, the prognosis for victims is now much better. A five- to six-fold increase in cases occurred in Asia during the time of the Vietnam war, possibly due to the disruption of ecosystems and closer proximity between people and animals. Plague also has a detrimental effect on nonhuman mammals. In the United States, animals such as the black-tailed prairie dog and the endangered black-footed ferret are under threat from the disease.