What every physicist should know about string theory
... What turned out to be the external states in a Feynman diagram were just the states in that quantum mechanics. But a deformation of the spacetime metric is represented not by a state but by an operator. When we make a change δGIJ in the spacetime metric GIJ, the action changes by I → I + ∫ dt √‾ gO, ...
... What turned out to be the external states in a Feynman diagram were just the states in that quantum mechanics. But a deformation of the spacetime metric is represented not by a state but by an operator. When we make a change δGIJ in the spacetime metric GIJ, the action changes by I → I + ∫ dt √‾ gO, ...
TOWARDS A QUANTUM APPROACH TO CELL MEMBRANE
... “ Ions on one side of the membrane bind to sites within the protein and become temporarily occluded (trapped within the protein) before being released to the other side, but details of these occlusion and de-occlusion transitions remain obscure for all P-type Atp-ases” [6]. It therefore seems impera ...
... “ Ions on one side of the membrane bind to sites within the protein and become temporarily occluded (trapped within the protein) before being released to the other side, but details of these occlusion and de-occlusion transitions remain obscure for all P-type Atp-ases” [6]. It therefore seems impera ...
Towards a quantum approach to cell membane electrodynamics
... “ Ions on one side of the membrane bind to sites within the protein and become temporarily occluded (trapped within the protein) before being released to the other side, but details of these occlusion and de-occlusion transitions remain obscure for all P-type Atp-ases” [6]. It therefore seems impera ...
... “ Ions on one side of the membrane bind to sites within the protein and become temporarily occluded (trapped within the protein) before being released to the other side, but details of these occlusion and de-occlusion transitions remain obscure for all P-type Atp-ases” [6]. It therefore seems impera ...
Unravelling Nature`s Elementary Building Blocks Challenges of Big
... does interact in a very special way with the Yang-Mills system, because it has various components: it is a Yang-Mills multiplet, and it disrupts “spontaneously” the internal symmetry of the Yang-Mills system. After the dust settles, not only the Yang-Mills gauge bosons now carry mass, but also one n ...
... does interact in a very special way with the Yang-Mills system, because it has various components: it is a Yang-Mills multiplet, and it disrupts “spontaneously” the internal symmetry of the Yang-Mills system. After the dust settles, not only the Yang-Mills gauge bosons now carry mass, but also one n ...
Quantum Mechanics: what is it and why is it interesting? Dr. Neil Shenvi
... 1. The wavefunction can be positive, negative, or complex-valued. 2. The squared amplitude of the wavefunction at position x is equal to the probability of observing the particle at position x. 3. The wave function can change with time. 4. The existence of a wavefunction implies particle-wave dualit ...
... 1. The wavefunction can be positive, negative, or complex-valued. 2. The squared amplitude of the wavefunction at position x is equal to the probability of observing the particle at position x. 3. The wave function can change with time. 4. The existence of a wavefunction implies particle-wave dualit ...
Document
... In 1921, Theodor Kaluza and Oscar Klein independently discovered that if there were an extra spacetime dimension that was periodic (ie. “curled up” into a circle), gravity and electromagnetism would automatically be unified in a single theory. Unfortunately, this simple model predicts an additio ...
... In 1921, Theodor Kaluza and Oscar Klein independently discovered that if there were an extra spacetime dimension that was periodic (ie. “curled up” into a circle), gravity and electromagnetism would automatically be unified in a single theory. Unfortunately, this simple model predicts an additio ...
LAMB SHIFT & VACUUM POLARIZATION CORRECTIONS TO THE
... tion, Dirac devised a relativistic wave equation that is linear in both ∂/∂t and ∇, although he succeeded in avoiding the negative probability density, negative-energy solutions still occurred. That means that an atomic electron can have both negative and positive energies. But according to the qua ...
... tion, Dirac devised a relativistic wave equation that is linear in both ∂/∂t and ∇, although he succeeded in avoiding the negative probability density, negative-energy solutions still occurred. That means that an atomic electron can have both negative and positive energies. But according to the qua ...
Determinant formulas for the reflection equation algebra
... standard PBW basis), and secondly that the excedance statistic appears here. We note that it is essential that the covariant indices are permuted, while the contravariant indices are in standard order. It can be shown, already for N = 3, that such a simple formula for p̃N is not possible if the cont ...
... standard PBW basis), and secondly that the excedance statistic appears here. We note that it is essential that the covariant indices are permuted, while the contravariant indices are in standard order. It can be shown, already for N = 3, that such a simple formula for p̃N is not possible if the cont ...
Document
... preparatory department during the next year. To my reply that I did not know any physics at all, his answer was, 'Anyone who can do well in my Greek can teach physics.' 'All right,' said I, 'you will have to take the consequences, but I will try and see what I can do with it.' I at once purchased an ...
... preparatory department during the next year. To my reply that I did not know any physics at all, his answer was, 'Anyone who can do well in my Greek can teach physics.' 'All right,' said I, 'you will have to take the consequences, but I will try and see what I can do with it.' I at once purchased an ...
The Infinite Square Well 6.1 Separability of Schrödinger`s Equation
... where the second equality follows from a change of variables in each integration. Using the definition of the travel time: v T = a, we learn that ρ(x) = a1 , i.e. the probability that the particle is in an interval dx is proportional to dx (ρ dx = dx/a) – that makes sense, the larger the interval, t ...
... where the second equality follows from a change of variables in each integration. Using the definition of the travel time: v T = a, we learn that ρ(x) = a1 , i.e. the probability that the particle is in an interval dx is proportional to dx (ρ dx = dx/a) – that makes sense, the larger the interval, t ...
Chapter 4: Symmetries
... For example, in most cases QFT’s have some symmetry of space and time. Particularly in fundamental particle physics all models have relativistic invariance or Poincaré symmetry. Symmetries are some transformations of the fields φ → φ0 that map solutions of the equations of motion to other solutions ...
... For example, in most cases QFT’s have some symmetry of space and time. Particularly in fundamental particle physics all models have relativistic invariance or Poincaré symmetry. Symmetries are some transformations of the fields φ → φ0 that map solutions of the equations of motion to other solutions ...
