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... have to be validated at sites of prior implementations. A good deal of knowledge but relatively little experience is currently available in the academic world. Experimental research on large databases is difficult because of the large cost and long time scales associated with database system developme ...
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DOC - SANS Institute

...  Database credentials may reside on the database server. In this case, a hash function number identifying the credentials may be stored in the executing body of the program's code.  Database credentials may be stored as part of an authentication server (i.e., an entitlement directory), such as an ...
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... 1. Define each of the following terms: a. Distributed database. A single logical database that is spread physically across computers in multiple locations that are connected by a data communications link. b. Location transparency. A design goal for a distributed database, which says that a user (or ...
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... Some database categories that are available include:  Business directories – provides address and financial info about ...
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... For wide area networks, communication costs can dominate local costs. For local area networks, communication costs are more equally weighted with local costs. 40. How does two phase locking for distributed databases differ from two phase locking for centralized databases? Ans: For distributed query ...
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... 1. Read and execution phase: Transaction Ti writes only to temporary local variables 2. Validation phase: Transaction Ti performs a ``validation test'' to determine if local variables can be written without violating serializability. 3. Write phase: If Ti is validated, the updates are applied to the ...
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Concurrency control

In information technology and computer science, especially in the fields of computer programming, operating systems, multiprocessors, and databases, concurrency control ensures that correct results for concurrent operations are generated, while getting those results as quickly as possible.Computer systems, both software and hardware, consist of modules, or components. Each component is designed to operate correctly, i.e., to obey or to meet certain consistency rules. When components that operate concurrently interact by messaging or by sharing accessed data (in memory or storage), a certain component's consistency may be violated by another component. The general area of concurrency control provides rules, methods, design methodologies, and theories to maintain the consistency of components operating concurrently while interacting, and thus the consistency and correctness of the whole system. Introducing concurrency control into a system means applying operation constraints which typically result in some performance reduction. Operation consistency and correctness should be achieved with as good as possible efficiency, without reducing performance below reasonable levels. Concurrency control can require significant additional complexity and overhead in a concurrent algorithm compared to the simpler sequential algorithm.For example, a failure in concurrency control can result in data corruption from torn read or write operations.
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