PHYS632_L13_ch_33_El..
... • All we mean by polarization is which direction is the electric vector vibrating. • If there is no preferred direction the wave is unpolarized • If the preferred direction is vertical, then we say the wave is vertically polarized ...
... • All we mean by polarization is which direction is the electric vector vibrating. • If there is no preferred direction the wave is unpolarized • If the preferred direction is vertical, then we say the wave is vertically polarized ...
Measuring Optical Pumping of Rubidium Vapor
... Figure 1 shows the experimental apparatus we used. In the center of the apparatus is a bulb containing a rubidium sample. The Helmholtz coils around the bulb allow us to control the magnetic field that the sample feels, while the RF coils pulse the atoms with depolarizing photons to move some of the ...
... Figure 1 shows the experimental apparatus we used. In the center of the apparatus is a bulb containing a rubidium sample. The Helmholtz coils around the bulb allow us to control the magnetic field that the sample feels, while the RF coils pulse the atoms with depolarizing photons to move some of the ...
Chapter 8 Perturbation Theory, Zeeman Effect, Stark Effect
... where rB is the Bohr radius (Eq. (6.97)). The first excited state, in contrast to the ground state, is four-fold degenerate, i.e. there are 4 states | 2, 0, 0 i, | 2, 1, 1 i, | 2, 1, 0 i and | 2, 1, −1 i, that belong to the principal quantum number n = 2. In this case one has to consider degenerate ...
... where rB is the Bohr radius (Eq. (6.97)). The first excited state, in contrast to the ground state, is four-fold degenerate, i.e. there are 4 states | 2, 0, 0 i, | 2, 1, 1 i, | 2, 1, 0 i and | 2, 1, −1 i, that belong to the principal quantum number n = 2. In this case one has to consider degenerate ...
IB 5.1Electric fields Jan 17 Agenda
... As the charge moves closer to the charge, it is more and more repelled and the electric force is doing negative work. The charge therefore is experiencing a positive ...
... As the charge moves closer to the charge, it is more and more repelled and the electric force is doing negative work. The charge therefore is experiencing a positive ...
Notes 3-2 Gravity Objective: Describe projectile motion and circular
... exert an attractive_____________________ on each other. ...
... exert an attractive_____________________ on each other. ...
March 13, 2002
... 1. (3 points) What would happen if the electric field in an ideal conductor is not zero? Ans: Since there is an infinite amount of charges assumed for an idea conductor, an electric field in a conductor will maintain a current until the net internal field settles to zero. 2. (3 points) For a surface ...
... 1. (3 points) What would happen if the electric field in an ideal conductor is not zero? Ans: Since there is an infinite amount of charges assumed for an idea conductor, an electric field in a conductor will maintain a current until the net internal field settles to zero. 2. (3 points) For a surface ...
Ch 36-37 Magnetism & EMI
... field and a magnetic field. Even in a broken magnet, there is N and S. A small compass in a magnetic field will line up parallel with the magnetic field lines. Magnetic domains are regions of aligned atoms. Magnets can attract unmagnetized objects by temporarily producing magnetism in the object. Ma ...
... field and a magnetic field. Even in a broken magnet, there is N and S. A small compass in a magnetic field will line up parallel with the magnetic field lines. Magnetic domains are regions of aligned atoms. Magnets can attract unmagnetized objects by temporarily producing magnetism in the object. Ma ...
AP Physics 1 Student Sample Question 1
... was earned in (a)(ii) for explaining why the friction force is the force that exerts a torque about the wheel’s center. In part (b) two forces or force components parallel to the ramp are correctly identified, which earned 1 point, but the acceleration is expressed using quantities other than those ...
... was earned in (a)(ii) for explaining why the friction force is the force that exerts a torque about the wheel’s center. In part (b) two forces or force components parallel to the ramp are correctly identified, which earned 1 point, but the acceleration is expressed using quantities other than those ...
Physics 111 Fall 2007 Electrostatic Forces and the Electric Field
... So the charge to be placed is − q = −7.66 × 10−6 C . This is an unstable equilibrium . If the center charge were slightly displaced, say towards the right, then it would be closer to the right charges than the left, and would be attracted more to the right. Likewise the positive charges on the right ...
... So the charge to be placed is − q = −7.66 × 10−6 C . This is an unstable equilibrium . If the center charge were slightly displaced, say towards the right, then it would be closer to the right charges than the left, and would be attracted more to the right. Likewise the positive charges on the right ...
Analysing simple electric motors in the classroom - Physics
... with the standard motor and begin to figure out how the different variables relate to each other. This is a precursor step to deriving equations based on their knowledge and experience. After initial observations and experiments have been made, a permanent fixture can be constructed or given to PHYS ...
... with the standard motor and begin to figure out how the different variables relate to each other. This is a precursor step to deriving equations based on their knowledge and experience. After initial observations and experiments have been made, a permanent fixture can be constructed or given to PHYS ...
Exam 2 Solutions
... dt The magnetic field is a constant, but the area in the field region changes: ...
... dt The magnetic field is a constant, but the area in the field region changes: ...
Magnetism PPT
... DC motors are in many ways the simples electric motors. All DC "brushed" motors operate in the same way. There is a stator (a larger stationary part) and a rotor (a smaller part spinning on an axis within the stator). There are magnets on the stator and a coil on the rotor which is magnetically cha ...
... DC motors are in many ways the simples electric motors. All DC "brushed" motors operate in the same way. There is a stator (a larger stationary part) and a rotor (a smaller part spinning on an axis within the stator). There are magnets on the stator and a coil on the rotor which is magnetically cha ...
Electromagnetism
Electromagnetism is a branch of physics which involves the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force usually shows electromagnetic fields, such as electric fields, magnetic fields, and light. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The other three fundamental interactions are the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation.The word electromagnetism is a compound form of two Greek terms, ἤλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"", and μαγνῆτις λίθος magnētis lithos, which means ""magnesian stone"", a type of iron ore. The science of electromagnetic phenomena is defined in terms of the electromagnetic force, sometimes called the Lorentz force, which includes both electricity and magnetism as elements of one phenomenon.The electromagnetic force plays a major role in determining the internal properties of most objects encountered in daily life. Ordinary matter takes its form as a result of intermolecular forces between individual molecules in matter. Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules. This governs the processes involved in chemistry, which arise from interactions between the electrons of neighboring atoms, which are in turn determined by the interaction between electromagnetic force and the momentum of the electrons.There are numerous mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field. In classical electrodynamics, electric fields are described as electric potential and electric current in Ohm's law, magnetic fields are associated with electromagnetic induction and magnetism, and Maxwell's equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents.The theoretical implications of electromagnetism, in particular the establishment of the speed of light based on properties of the ""medium"" of propagation (permeability and permittivity), led to the development of special relativity by Albert Einstein in 1905.Although electromagnetism is considered one of the four fundamental forces, at high energy the weak force and electromagnetism are unified. In the history of the universe, during the quark epoch, the electroweak force split into the electromagnetic and weak forces.