
ElectricityRocks
... Background: The flow of electricity is readily compared to the flow of water. A water hand pump will be used to illustrate the flow of electricity in a close circuit. The water is moved when the pump is pulled upwards. The pressure applied during this upward stroke is analogous to the voltage in an ...
... Background: The flow of electricity is readily compared to the flow of water. A water hand pump will be used to illustrate the flow of electricity in a close circuit. The water is moved when the pump is pulled upwards. The pressure applied during this upward stroke is analogous to the voltage in an ...
Pulsed field recombination C. Wesdorp, F. Robicheaux, and L. D. Noordam
... radiative recombination, and stimulated radiative recombination 关2,4兴. Radiative recombination can be seen as the inverse of photoionization. These schemes have the disadvantage that high densities of charged particles at low temperatures are required, in order to achieve a sufficient recombination ...
... radiative recombination, and stimulated radiative recombination 关2,4兴. Radiative recombination can be seen as the inverse of photoionization. These schemes have the disadvantage that high densities of charged particles at low temperatures are required, in order to achieve a sufficient recombination ...
Power points I
... A capacitor consists of two conductors called plates which get equal but opposite charges on them The capacitance of a capacitor C = q/V is a constant of proportionality between q and V and is totally independent of q and V The capacitance just depends on the geometry of the capacitor, not q and ...
... A capacitor consists of two conductors called plates which get equal but opposite charges on them The capacitance of a capacitor C = q/V is a constant of proportionality between q and V and is totally independent of q and V The capacitance just depends on the geometry of the capacitor, not q and ...
Magnetism Magnetism
... Earth’s magnetic field is like that of a bar magnet A compass can be used to determine direction because Earth acts like a giant bar magnet. As shown in Figure 5, Earth’s magnetic field has both direction and strength. If you were to move northward along Earth’s surface with a compass whose needle c ...
... Earth’s magnetic field is like that of a bar magnet A compass can be used to determine direction because Earth acts like a giant bar magnet. As shown in Figure 5, Earth’s magnetic field has both direction and strength. If you were to move northward along Earth’s surface with a compass whose needle c ...
PH504L2-coul
... Frequently we wish to investigate the force (and subsequent motion) on an arbitrary charge due to a set of other known fixed charges. Although Coulomb’s law can be used it is generally more convenient to think of the fixed charges as producing a field The electric or E-field then exerts a force on a ...
... Frequently we wish to investigate the force (and subsequent motion) on an arbitrary charge due to a set of other known fixed charges. Although Coulomb’s law can be used it is generally more convenient to think of the fixed charges as producing a field The electric or E-field then exerts a force on a ...
Chapter 1 Magnetic Circuits
... material for shaping and directing the magnetic fields which act as the medium for transferring and converting energy. Thus it is important to analyze and describe magnetic field quantities for understanding these devices. Magnetic materials play a big role in determining the properties of a piece o ...
... material for shaping and directing the magnetic fields which act as the medium for transferring and converting energy. Thus it is important to analyze and describe magnetic field quantities for understanding these devices. Magnetic materials play a big role in determining the properties of a piece o ...
Electromagnetism

Electromagnetism is a branch of physics which involves the study of the electromagnetic force, a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. The electromagnetic force usually shows electromagnetic fields, such as electric fields, magnetic fields, and light. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The other three fundamental interactions are the strong interaction, the weak interaction, and gravitation.The word electromagnetism is a compound form of two Greek terms, ἤλεκτρον, ēlektron, ""amber"", and μαγνῆτις λίθος magnētis lithos, which means ""magnesian stone"", a type of iron ore. The science of electromagnetic phenomena is defined in terms of the electromagnetic force, sometimes called the Lorentz force, which includes both electricity and magnetism as elements of one phenomenon.The electromagnetic force plays a major role in determining the internal properties of most objects encountered in daily life. Ordinary matter takes its form as a result of intermolecular forces between individual molecules in matter. Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules. This governs the processes involved in chemistry, which arise from interactions between the electrons of neighboring atoms, which are in turn determined by the interaction between electromagnetic force and the momentum of the electrons.There are numerous mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field. In classical electrodynamics, electric fields are described as electric potential and electric current in Ohm's law, magnetic fields are associated with electromagnetic induction and magnetism, and Maxwell's equations describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and altered by each other and by charges and currents.The theoretical implications of electromagnetism, in particular the establishment of the speed of light based on properties of the ""medium"" of propagation (permeability and permittivity), led to the development of special relativity by Albert Einstein in 1905.Although electromagnetism is considered one of the four fundamental forces, at high energy the weak force and electromagnetism are unified. In the history of the universe, during the quark epoch, the electroweak force split into the electromagnetic and weak forces.