Current-voltage and kinetic energy flux relations for relativistic field
... by the magnetic field perturbations observed in the auroral ionosphere are often more than an order of magnitude larger (e.g. Paschmann et al., 2002, and references therein). When the required current density exceeds the above maximum, an electrostatic potential must develop along the magnetic field ...
... by the magnetic field perturbations observed in the auroral ionosphere are often more than an order of magnitude larger (e.g. Paschmann et al., 2002, and references therein). When the required current density exceeds the above maximum, an electrostatic potential must develop along the magnetic field ...
Theory of pulsar winds and nebulae - Max-Planck
... the wavelength of the radiation that would be emitted by the pulsar in vacuum is 2πrL . In the terminology of radiating systems, the region within the light cylinder is, therefore, the “near zone”, where the fields can be approximated as being in rigid corotation. Conventionally, this region is call ...
... the wavelength of the radiation that would be emitted by the pulsar in vacuum is 2πrL . In the terminology of radiating systems, the region within the light cylinder is, therefore, the “near zone”, where the fields can be approximated as being in rigid corotation. Conventionally, this region is call ...
A physical frequency-dependent compact model for RF integrated
... account. The interaction between electric and magnetic fields will induce a propagation phenomenon and, therefore, the device will present a set of self-resonant frequencies. Aside from the ohmic losses, the magnetic and electric fields will also induce losses on the conductive regions. Accordingly, ...
... account. The interaction between electric and magnetic fields will induce a propagation phenomenon and, therefore, the device will present a set of self-resonant frequencies. Aside from the ohmic losses, the magnetic and electric fields will also induce losses on the conductive regions. Accordingly, ...
Templ_en_08
... prototypes proposed by the leading researchers in this branch. This situation has changed with an invention of so-called SER Universal Testing Platform from Xpansion Instruments that is now commercially produced by the well-known companies dealing in rheometry. This provides relatively simple possib ...
... prototypes proposed by the leading researchers in this branch. This situation has changed with an invention of so-called SER Universal Testing Platform from Xpansion Instruments that is now commercially produced by the well-known companies dealing in rheometry. This provides relatively simple possib ...
GEOPACK
... near-Earth space which determines the conditions of the radiowave propagation, safety of manned space flights, reliability of satellite systems of communication, navigation, weather forecasts, monitoring the Earth's surface from space, and so on. For this reason it is of great importance to develop ...
... near-Earth space which determines the conditions of the radiowave propagation, safety of manned space flights, reliability of satellite systems of communication, navigation, weather forecasts, monitoring the Earth's surface from space, and so on. For this reason it is of great importance to develop ...
Shunt Info
... How a shunt works: A shunt is necessary in order to measure amps and amp-hours with the TriMetric battery monitor. A shunt is an accurate, very low resistance resistor which is placed "in line" with the wire carrying the current to be measured. With the TriMetric, it is usually placed in the negativ ...
... How a shunt works: A shunt is necessary in order to measure amps and amp-hours with the TriMetric battery monitor. A shunt is an accurate, very low resistance resistor which is placed "in line" with the wire carrying the current to be measured. With the TriMetric, it is usually placed in the negativ ...
Effect of strain on voltage-controlled magnetism in BiFeO 3
... Fe-O hybridization, refs. 30,31). Such interface effects would become more remarkable as the thickness of the CoFe film (2.5 nm herein) further decreases32. On the other hand, further decrease in the lateral size of the heterostructures may allow us to study the complex interplay among strain, excha ...
... Fe-O hybridization, refs. 30,31). Such interface effects would become more remarkable as the thickness of the CoFe film (2.5 nm herein) further decreases32. On the other hand, further decrease in the lateral size of the heterostructures may allow us to study the complex interplay among strain, excha ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.