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3.5.4 Swain Meters - Cathodic Protection Co Ltd
... flow of current in pipe and cable having local magnetic interference, with the added advantage that zero offset error is generally reduced to less than half that of an equivalent MER Meter. Offshore platform anode current or transmission line current can be measured at 700 ft. depth or more. MER 2 C ...
... flow of current in pipe and cable having local magnetic interference, with the added advantage that zero offset error is generally reduced to less than half that of an equivalent MER Meter. Offshore platform anode current or transmission line current can be measured at 700 ft. depth or more. MER 2 C ...
Temperature- and Field-dependent electron and hole mobilities in
... The devices were made in an inert atmosphere as described previously3 using a variety of injecting anodes. The polymer semiconductor MEH-PPV, poly~2-methoxy,5~2 8 -ethyl-hexoxy!-p-phenylene vinylene!, has a band gap of 2.1 eV and is known to have a highest occupied molecular orbital ~HOMO! consisten ...
... The devices were made in an inert atmosphere as described previously3 using a variety of injecting anodes. The polymer semiconductor MEH-PPV, poly~2-methoxy,5~2 8 -ethyl-hexoxy!-p-phenylene vinylene!, has a band gap of 2.1 eV and is known to have a highest occupied molecular orbital ~HOMO! consisten ...
Low-Field Magnetic Sensing with GMR Sensors
... stationary. In applications for which the field of interest is time varying, the constant Earth’s field can be subtracted or filtered out. When looking for a magnetic dipole which is fixed relative to the Earth, two sensors separated by a distance can be used as a field gradient sensor. The dipole ...
... stationary. In applications for which the field of interest is time varying, the constant Earth’s field can be subtracted or filtered out. When looking for a magnetic dipole which is fixed relative to the Earth, two sensors separated by a distance can be used as a field gradient sensor. The dipole ...
Understanding Electricity and Circuits
... relationships are governed by four equations (known as Maxwell’s equations). These four characters are really played by just two actors, each of whom has two faces. Current is just charge in motion while electric field and magnetic field are but two aspects of a fundamental entity which can be calle ...
... relationships are governed by four equations (known as Maxwell’s equations). These four characters are really played by just two actors, each of whom has two faces. Current is just charge in motion while electric field and magnetic field are but two aspects of a fundamental entity which can be calle ...
Module 8 Electromagnetism
... known to people many centuries ago. They knew that the black metallic ore are called loadstone. It has the property of drawing particles of iron to it. The Greek philosopher named Thales, who lived during the sixth century B.C., is said to have been the first to observe this property. After his time ...
... known to people many centuries ago. They knew that the black metallic ore are called loadstone. It has the property of drawing particles of iron to it. The Greek philosopher named Thales, who lived during the sixth century B.C., is said to have been the first to observe this property. After his time ...
(a) I 1
... IR=V since R1 is greater the potential difference is greater therefore, the velocity is greater [oh no, it’s equation roulette! the “V” in Ohm’s Law is potential difference, not velocity] The current is the same flowing through the resistors and the length of the resistors is the same so charge will ...
... IR=V since R1 is greater the potential difference is greater therefore, the velocity is greater [oh no, it’s equation roulette! the “V” in Ohm’s Law is potential difference, not velocity] The current is the same flowing through the resistors and the length of the resistors is the same so charge will ...
One-dimensional Electromagnetic Particle Code: KEMPO1
... • N P(i): Number of superparticles for species i in the simulation system. • A J AM P : The amplitude of an external current Jz,ext placed at the center of the simulation system. • W J : The frequency of the external current Jz,ext . • I E X : Control parameter for electrostatic option. If I E X = 0 ...
... • N P(i): Number of superparticles for species i in the simulation system. • A J AM P : The amplitude of an external current Jz,ext placed at the center of the simulation system. • W J : The frequency of the external current Jz,ext . • I E X : Control parameter for electrostatic option. If I E X = 0 ...
Polarizability affecting nucleation of water vapour condensation and
... Using the modified value of polarizability based on the present calculations, it is found that the critical nuclei have much less radii in the presence of electric field . The nucleation rate in presence of electric field is greater than in its absence. The enhancement factor to the nucleation rate ...
... Using the modified value of polarizability based on the present calculations, it is found that the critical nuclei have much less radii in the presence of electric field . The nucleation rate in presence of electric field is greater than in its absence. The enhancement factor to the nucleation rate ...
Superconductivity
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Meissner_effect_p1390048.jpg?width=300)
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.