LETTERS - Condensed Matter Physics
... resistivity r max found in 15 different devices at zero B, which within an experimental error of ,15% all exhibit r max < 6.5 kQ independently of their mobility, which varies by a factor of 10. Given the quadruple degeneracy f, it is obvious to associate r max with h/fe 2 ¼ 6.45 kQ, where h/e 2 is t ...
... resistivity r max found in 15 different devices at zero B, which within an experimental error of ,15% all exhibit r max < 6.5 kQ independently of their mobility, which varies by a factor of 10. Given the quadruple degeneracy f, it is obvious to associate r max with h/fe 2 ¼ 6.45 kQ, where h/e 2 is t ...
Chapter 10 Faraday`s Law of Induction
... The electric fields and magnetic fields considered up to now have been produced by stationary charges and moving charges (currents), respectively. Imposing an electric field on a conductor gives rise to a current which in turn generates a magnetic field. One could then inquire whether or not an elec ...
... The electric fields and magnetic fields considered up to now have been produced by stationary charges and moving charges (currents), respectively. Imposing an electric field on a conductor gives rise to a current which in turn generates a magnetic field. One could then inquire whether or not an elec ...
Electric Field Strength
... ELF electric fields in residential and industrial settings are most conveniently measured with free-body field meters [11, 12], which measure the steady-state current or charge oscillating between two halves of a conducting body in free space. (Ground reference meters [13] are also available for mea ...
... ELF electric fields in residential and industrial settings are most conveniently measured with free-body field meters [11, 12], which measure the steady-state current or charge oscillating between two halves of a conducting body in free space. (Ground reference meters [13] are also available for mea ...
1. The specific heat of lead is 0.030 cal/g ∙ °C. 300 g of lead shot at
... 5. Two small charged objects repel each other with a force F when separated by a distance d. If the charge on each object is reduced to one-fourth of its original value and the distance between them is reduced to d/2 the force becomes: A) F/16 B) F/8 C) F/4 D) F/2 E) None of these ...
... 5. Two small charged objects repel each other with a force F when separated by a distance d. If the charge on each object is reduced to one-fourth of its original value and the distance between them is reduced to d/2 the force becomes: A) F/16 B) F/8 C) F/4 D) F/2 E) None of these ...
Chapter 29 Maxwell`s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves
... wire or the galvanometer. However, the induced electric field would still be present and so would its associated induced emf. If the resistance of MN is increased to infinity, the wire is no longer a conductor, but instead, becomes an insulator. In fact, the wire MN could be replaced by a wooden sti ...
... wire or the galvanometer. However, the induced electric field would still be present and so would its associated induced emf. If the resistance of MN is increased to infinity, the wire is no longer a conductor, but instead, becomes an insulator. In fact, the wire MN could be replaced by a wooden sti ...
Study on interior permanent magnet synchronous
... circuit model, are investigated. Meanwhile, the finite element method (FEM) is implemented for accurate simulation. This 3-dimensional FEM (3D-FEM) model has a high level of accuracy and gives better insight about the motor performance. Finally, the objective of this paper is to derive the performan ...
... circuit model, are investigated. Meanwhile, the finite element method (FEM) is implemented for accurate simulation. This 3-dimensional FEM (3D-FEM) model has a high level of accuracy and gives better insight about the motor performance. Finally, the objective of this paper is to derive the performan ...
Fabrication and integration possibilities of ultrasmall quantum dots
... pendence of the gate characteristic of dot 1. In Fig. 4共b兲 the measurements of the nonlinear characteristic in various magnetic fields are presented. Obviously, in both measurements no significant influence of the magnetic field on the electrical properties can be observed and therefore the assumpti ...
... pendence of the gate characteristic of dot 1. In Fig. 4共b兲 the measurements of the nonlinear characteristic in various magnetic fields are presented. Obviously, in both measurements no significant influence of the magnetic field on the electrical properties can be observed and therefore the assumpti ...
Negative refractive index metamaterials - Dimitri Basov
... radiation tension; converging lenses become diverging lenses and vice versa. These are just some of the changes to basic EM phenomena that would result in a NI material. As intriguing as Veselago’s predictions were, naturally occurring materials with a NI were not known at the time and his results r ...
... radiation tension; converging lenses become diverging lenses and vice versa. These are just some of the changes to basic EM phenomena that would result in a NI material. As intriguing as Veselago’s predictions were, naturally occurring materials with a NI were not known at the time and his results r ...
The Fluctuation-imposed Limit for Temperature Measurement
... improved by a factor of about 3 to 10 10 K / Hz , in agreement with the above analysis. They reduced R on their HRT by using annealed high purity copper wires which link the salt pill to the reservoir. Their value of R can be estimated from the relation RC , and the heat capacity of the salt (~ ...
... improved by a factor of about 3 to 10 10 K / Hz , in agreement with the above analysis. They reduced R on their HRT by using annealed high purity copper wires which link the salt pill to the reservoir. Their value of R can be estimated from the relation RC , and the heat capacity of the salt (~ ...
Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic fields occurring in certain materials when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature. It was discovered by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes on April 8, 1911 in Leiden. Like ferromagnetism and atomic spectral lines, superconductivity is a quantum mechanical phenomenon. It is characterized by the Meissner effect, the complete ejection of magnetic field lines from the interior of the superconductor as it transitions into the superconducting state. The occurrence of the Meissner effect indicates that superconductivity cannot be understood simply as the idealization of perfect conductivity in classical physics.The electrical resistivity of a metallic conductor decreases gradually as temperature is lowered. In ordinary conductors, such as copper or silver, this decrease is limited by impurities and other defects. Even near absolute zero, a real sample of a normal conductor shows some resistance. In a superconductor, the resistance drops abruptly to zero when the material is cooled below its critical temperature. An electric current flowing through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.In 1986, it was discovered that some cuprate-perovskite ceramic materials have a critical temperature above 90 K (−183 °C). Such a high transition temperature is theoretically impossible for a conventional superconductor, leading the materials to be termed high-temperature superconductors. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77 K, and superconduction at higher temperatures than this facilitates many experiments and applications that are less practical at lower temperatures.