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Experimental verification of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for
... resolution by 3.5 m with respect to the best detector resolution curves recorded some time earlier 关9兴. This offset is most likely explained by a residual tilt of 2.7 mrad between laser and diffraction slit. This is in agreement with diffraction curves not shown here, which were recorded using the ...
... resolution by 3.5 m with respect to the best detector resolution curves recorded some time earlier 关9兴. This offset is most likely explained by a residual tilt of 2.7 mrad between laser and diffraction slit. This is in agreement with diffraction curves not shown here, which were recorded using the ...
Metal-Ligand and Metal-Metal Bonding Lecture Notes
... 1. Radius (Covalent/ionic) :- Increases from right to left and down a group. 2. Electropositivity:- electropositive character increases from right to left and down a group. The trends observed in 1 and 2 are a result of the effective nuclear charge (Zeff) that is a consequence of shielding and penet ...
... 1. Radius (Covalent/ionic) :- Increases from right to left and down a group. 2. Electropositivity:- electropositive character increases from right to left and down a group. The trends observed in 1 and 2 are a result of the effective nuclear charge (Zeff) that is a consequence of shielding and penet ...
8. LASER COOLING AND TRAPPING OF NEUTRAL ATOMS 8.1
... laser polarization vectors could occur on time scales much slower than y-l and produce temperatures lower than Toop[24,25]. Temperatures equal to several times the "recoil temperature," TR, were measured in molasses. The recoil limit is set by the energy an atom acquires by recoiling from spontaneou ...
... laser polarization vectors could occur on time scales much slower than y-l and produce temperatures lower than Toop[24,25]. Temperatures equal to several times the "recoil temperature," TR, were measured in molasses. The recoil limit is set by the energy an atom acquires by recoiling from spontaneou ...
The Mole
... The mass of an element or compound that contains as many elementary (representative) particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of 12C. ...
... The mass of an element or compound that contains as many elementary (representative) particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of 12C. ...
Resolution in Confocal Microscopy
... need to further our investigation into other aspects of microscopy before a decision to favour a particular microscope is used, even when comparing single and two-photon confocal microscopes. There may be some preferences in using light with a longer wavelength due to the biologicals being imaged, t ...
... need to further our investigation into other aspects of microscopy before a decision to favour a particular microscope is used, even when comparing single and two-photon confocal microscopes. There may be some preferences in using light with a longer wavelength due to the biologicals being imaged, t ...
Observing Atomic Collapse Resonances in Artificial Nuclei on
... here to coalesce into a resonance-like structure near Vs= +0.30V. For four dimer clusters, the intensity of the resonance feature increased markedly and moved down in energy to the Dirac point (Fig 1D). For the 5-dimer cluster, the resonance shifted below the Dirac point (Fig. 1E). The formation of ...
... here to coalesce into a resonance-like structure near Vs= +0.30V. For four dimer clusters, the intensity of the resonance feature increased markedly and moved down in energy to the Dirac point (Fig 1D). For the 5-dimer cluster, the resonance shifted below the Dirac point (Fig. 1E). The formation of ...
Hydrogen storage of calcium atoms adsorbed on graphene: First
... included in our calculations because there is a small energy difference (H1+H2 structure is 26 meV more energetic.) between them. Hence, both adsorption configurations should be observable at room temperature conditions. Charge difference isosurfaces are obtained by subtracting charge densities of C ...
... included in our calculations because there is a small energy difference (H1+H2 structure is 26 meV more energetic.) between them. Hence, both adsorption configurations should be observable at room temperature conditions. Charge difference isosurfaces are obtained by subtracting charge densities of C ...
Three-dimensional photon confinement in photonic low-dimensional periodicity of crystals
... enhanced when the waveguide is positioned on top of a substrate. The substrate provides a favourable escape route, and may cause significant radiation loss. It will be shown, however, in the following Section that strong field confinement and low loss can be achieved when dielectric waveguides are l ...
... enhanced when the waveguide is positioned on top of a substrate. The substrate provides a favourable escape route, and may cause significant radiation loss. It will be shown, however, in the following Section that strong field confinement and low loss can be achieved when dielectric waveguides are l ...
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices generated by quantized light fields
... extends and substantiates previous studies and predictions on such a system by us [32] as well as other authors [33]. Here we limit ourselves to the case of a high-Q cavity which strongly enhances a field sufficiently red detuned from any atomic transition to induce an optical potential without signific ...
... extends and substantiates previous studies and predictions on such a system by us [32] as well as other authors [33]. Here we limit ourselves to the case of a high-Q cavity which strongly enhances a field sufficiently red detuned from any atomic transition to induce an optical potential without signific ...
00070261.pdf
... other characteristics of the CNTs make them a very promising reinforcement material for composites. These are their high aspect ratio, high resistance to corrosion and low specific weight which is only 1/6 that of steel. When CNTs were incorporated into different binder systems like normal concretes ...
... other characteristics of the CNTs make them a very promising reinforcement material for composites. These are their high aspect ratio, high resistance to corrosion and low specific weight which is only 1/6 that of steel. When CNTs were incorporated into different binder systems like normal concretes ...
Specific rate constants k(E,J) for the dissociation of NO 2 . I. Time
... lowest 2 rotational levels of the NO2 vibrational ground state are noticeably populated, at 300 K a broad distribution with 具 J 典 ⬇20 is present. The population of the first excited vibrational level at room temperature is only small. Fluorescence signals from the photomultiplier were integrated, di ...
... lowest 2 rotational levels of the NO2 vibrational ground state are noticeably populated, at 300 K a broad distribution with 具 J 典 ⬇20 is present. The population of the first excited vibrational level at room temperature is only small. Fluorescence signals from the photomultiplier were integrated, di ...
تحليل التوليد الفائق المســـــــتمر في الياف البلورة
... power (corresponding small order soliton ). The fact that P0 small makes L NL large and thus the band remain narrow. With the increasing of P0 , the L NL will be lower and the corresponding will be raised in soliton order. Compatibility of this increase with a decrease in the length of fission Lfiss ...
... power (corresponding small order soliton ). The fact that P0 small makes L NL large and thus the band remain narrow. With the increasing of P0 , the L NL will be lower and the corresponding will be raised in soliton order. Compatibility of this increase with a decrease in the length of fission Lfiss ...
Three-dimensional superresolution technology applied to
... ultimately limited to improve the resolution continuously by increasing the numerical aperture or reducing the wavelength. Here, it is introduced that when these two parameters are fixed, focal spot smaller than Airy pattern could be obtained by means of superresolution techniques. Theoretical analy ...
... ultimately limited to improve the resolution continuously by increasing the numerical aperture or reducing the wavelength. Here, it is introduced that when these two parameters are fixed, focal spot smaller than Airy pattern could be obtained by means of superresolution techniques. Theoretical analy ...
BTEC National in Applied Science Unit 01 Sample redacted web
... An ammonium ion contains a dative bond (see Figure 1.8). When ammonia reacts with hydrochloric acid, a hydrogen ion from the acid is transferred to the ammonia molecule. A lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom forms a dative covalent bond with the hydrogen ion. ...
... An ammonium ion contains a dative bond (see Figure 1.8). When ammonia reacts with hydrochloric acid, a hydrogen ion from the acid is transferred to the ammonia molecule. A lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom forms a dative covalent bond with the hydrogen ion. ...
Low threshold current and widely tunable external cavity lasers with
... In contrast, ECLs with quantum-dot (QD) gain media are well-suited for low-threshold and broad spectral tuning due to their unique features of larger inhomogeneous broadening as well as lower ground-state saturation gain [7–10]. For GaAs-based InAs QD ECLs, the earliest records were 150-nm tuning at ...
... In contrast, ECLs with quantum-dot (QD) gain media are well-suited for low-threshold and broad spectral tuning due to their unique features of larger inhomogeneous broadening as well as lower ground-state saturation gain [7–10]. For GaAs-based InAs QD ECLs, the earliest records were 150-nm tuning at ...
Chemistry written examination 1 2008–2012-specifications
... A gaseous mixture of two alkanes, each with molecular formula C4H10, is reacted with bromine, Br2, in the presence of UV light, to form a complex mixture of liquid bromoalkanes. a. Name a suitable technique which would allow a large scale separation of this mixture into its various components. ...
... A gaseous mixture of two alkanes, each with molecular formula C4H10, is reacted with bromine, Br2, in the presence of UV light, to form a complex mixture of liquid bromoalkanes. a. Name a suitable technique which would allow a large scale separation of this mixture into its various components. ...
C f= s moO moo (8)
... n = 0 or 1 only. Specifically, we can record the interference of u (co,,wy) and a constant off-axis plane wave exp(jwxxo). This will produce a cos coxxofringe pattern, as in holography. When evaluated at wx = 0,the phase of this fringe pattern will be 0 or wr,depending on the polarity of Mpq, and th ...
... n = 0 or 1 only. Specifically, we can record the interference of u (co,,wy) and a constant off-axis plane wave exp(jwxxo). This will produce a cos coxxofringe pattern, as in holography. When evaluated at wx = 0,the phase of this fringe pattern will be 0 or wr,depending on the polarity of Mpq, and th ...
Microscopy Tutorial - Fred Hutch Shared Resources
... series of sinusoidal ripples. Similarly, a beam of light passing through a small pinhole is not projected as a discrete point, but rather as a larger disc surrounded by concentric rings of decreasing intensity (Airy pattern). These rings are generated by interference of the different diffracted rays ...
... series of sinusoidal ripples. Similarly, a beam of light passing through a small pinhole is not projected as a discrete point, but rather as a larger disc surrounded by concentric rings of decreasing intensity (Airy pattern). These rings are generated by interference of the different diffracted rays ...
5 The Basics of Confocal Microscopy
... one or more focused beams of light, usually from a laser or arc-discharge source, across the specimen. This point of illumination is brought to focus in the specimen by the objective lens, and laterally scanned using some form of scanning device under computer control. The sequences of points of lig ...
... one or more focused beams of light, usually from a laser or arc-discharge source, across the specimen. This point of illumination is brought to focus in the specimen by the objective lens, and laterally scanned using some form of scanning device under computer control. The sequences of points of lig ...
The optics and performance of dual-focus fluorescence correlation
... saturation. Optical saturation occurs when the excitation intensity becomes so large that the molecule spends more and more time in a non-excitable state, so that increasing the excitation intensity does not lead to a proportional increase in emitted fluorescence intensity, see. e.g. [26]. The most ...
... saturation. Optical saturation occurs when the excitation intensity becomes so large that the molecule spends more and more time in a non-excitable state, so that increasing the excitation intensity does not lead to a proportional increase in emitted fluorescence intensity, see. e.g. [26]. The most ...
Single-Photon Nonlinear Optics with Graphene Plasmons
... solution, which is to directly fabricate a dielectric grating to enable momentum conservation, as recently demonstrated in Ref. [38]. We take a single-mode dielectric slab waveguide in vacuum coupled to a graphene nanoribbon via the dielectric grating. For the frequencies we consider here one could ...
... solution, which is to directly fabricate a dielectric grating to enable momentum conservation, as recently demonstrated in Ref. [38]. We take a single-mode dielectric slab waveguide in vacuum coupled to a graphene nanoribbon via the dielectric grating. For the frequencies we consider here one could ...
Wavelength Division Multiplexing of a Fibre
... Intensity based detection techniques typical fall into two broad categories; edge filter detection and power detection. Edge filter detection uses a spectrally dependent filter to convert the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change, whereas in power detection a spectrally dependent source ...
... Intensity based detection techniques typical fall into two broad categories; edge filter detection and power detection. Edge filter detection uses a spectrally dependent filter to convert the shift in the FBG wavelength to an intensity change, whereas in power detection a spectrally dependent source ...
X-ray fluorescence
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LDAutoXRFPic.jpg?width=300)
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is the emission of characteristic ""secondary"" (or fluorescent) X-rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high-energy X-rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis, particularly in the investigation of metals, glass, ceramics and building materials, and for research in geochemistry, forensic science and archaeology.