Two-dimensional echocardiography in cardiac tamponade
... Echocardiography has been found useful in detecting a loculated posterior pericardial effusion presenting with tamponade after surgery (9-11). Seven of our patients with tamponade after surgery had a posterior loculated pericardial effusion. Postoperative loculated pericardial effusions causing tamp ...
... Echocardiography has been found useful in detecting a loculated posterior pericardial effusion presenting with tamponade after surgery (9-11). Seven of our patients with tamponade after surgery had a posterior loculated pericardial effusion. Postoperative loculated pericardial effusions causing tamp ...
Bioscience Explained | Vol 1 | Nr 1
... 2. Circulating hormones. The heart is also affected by circulating hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, that are released from the interrenal tissue (adrenal medulla in mammals) during stress and heavy exercise. By looking at heart rate changes caused by different types of stimuli the stud ...
... 2. Circulating hormones. The heart is also affected by circulating hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline, that are released from the interrenal tissue (adrenal medulla in mammals) during stress and heavy exercise. By looking at heart rate changes caused by different types of stimuli the stud ...
PDF file - Via Medica Journals
... much lower percentage than in the PRIME II study, however, the MADIT II had two-thirds of patients in NYHA class I and II. There is more consistency in findings from various prior studies regarding the association of atrial fibrillation with risk of hospitalization for heart failure. Atrial fibrilla ...
... much lower percentage than in the PRIME II study, however, the MADIT II had two-thirds of patients in NYHA class I and II. There is more consistency in findings from various prior studies regarding the association of atrial fibrillation with risk of hospitalization for heart failure. Atrial fibrilla ...
Magnificent Magnesium
... In some cases, cardiologists may also order or perform a cardiac catheterization with angiography. During this procedure, small, hollow plastic tubes (catheters) are inserted through arteries in the groin or forearm and threaded into the openings of the coronary arteries under the guidance of X-rays ...
... In some cases, cardiologists may also order or perform a cardiac catheterization with angiography. During this procedure, small, hollow plastic tubes (catheters) are inserted through arteries in the groin or forearm and threaded into the openings of the coronary arteries under the guidance of X-rays ...
Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction
... Figure2: The loop with the solid line is the normal pressure volume loop and the loop with the dotted line is the pressure-volume loop in diastolic dysfunction. In diastolic dysfunction the end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR) is shifted upwards whereas the ends systolic pressure volu ...
... Figure2: The loop with the solid line is the normal pressure volume loop and the loop with the dotted line is the pressure-volume loop in diastolic dysfunction. In diastolic dysfunction the end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR) is shifted upwards whereas the ends systolic pressure volu ...
Right ventricular function
... last decade has seen increased recognition of the importance of right ventricular (RV) function in the circulation. The negative impact of coexisting RV dysfunction in dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy is well established, for example (17), but it is in congenital heart disease where right ventric ...
... last decade has seen increased recognition of the importance of right ventricular (RV) function in the circulation. The negative impact of coexisting RV dysfunction in dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy is well established, for example (17), but it is in congenital heart disease where right ventric ...
Live ultrasound-based particle visualization of blood flow in the heart
... lateral components of the blood flow [Sengupta et al. 2012]. However, these new technologies also come with a number of drawbacks, most prominently the necessity of post-processing and the limited effectiveness of the currently employed visualization methods (see Section 2 for a discussion of the cu ...
... lateral components of the blood flow [Sengupta et al. 2012]. However, these new technologies also come with a number of drawbacks, most prominently the necessity of post-processing and the limited effectiveness of the currently employed visualization methods (see Section 2 for a discussion of the cu ...
Heart failure subjects among Africans: Any contributions from
... consecutive subjects with heart failure diagnosed using the Framinghams’s criteria were included in this study seen at the Goshen Heart Clinic, Osogbo, Nigeria. They had ECG and echocardiography among other investigations. Old Myocardial infarction (MI) on ECG was assessed using standardized criteri ...
... consecutive subjects with heart failure diagnosed using the Framinghams’s criteria were included in this study seen at the Goshen Heart Clinic, Osogbo, Nigeria. They had ECG and echocardiography among other investigations. Old Myocardial infarction (MI) on ECG was assessed using standardized criteri ...
Shi-Joon Yoo, Omar Thabit, Hyun Woo Goo, Whal Lee, Deane Yim
... internal appearances, they often cause diagnostic dilemmas and difficulties in describing their complex anatomic features. These hearts have been described using various descriptive terms as listed in Table 1-1 [111]. It is known that the first description of the hearts with unusual spatial relation ...
... internal appearances, they often cause diagnostic dilemmas and difficulties in describing their complex anatomic features. These hearts have been described using various descriptive terms as listed in Table 1-1 [111]. It is known that the first description of the hearts with unusual spatial relation ...
How to Manage the Patient with Hemodynamic Support: Trouble-Shooting
... related to adjacent vessel calcium • Possibly related to insertion with damage to the balloon from adjacent calcium less likely • IABP must be removed – Is patient stable? Support with pressors – Replace IABP via CL FA or consider an alternative device ...
... related to adjacent vessel calcium • Possibly related to insertion with damage to the balloon from adjacent calcium less likely • IABP must be removed – Is patient stable? Support with pressors – Replace IABP via CL FA or consider an alternative device ...
Echocardiographic Assessment of Valve Stenosis
... A bicuspid valve most often results from fusion of the right and left coronary cusps, resulting in a larger anterior and smaller posterior cusp with both coronary arteries arising from the anterior cusp (⬃80% of cases), or fusion of the right and non-coronary cusps resulting in a larger right than l ...
... A bicuspid valve most often results from fusion of the right and left coronary cusps, resulting in a larger anterior and smaller posterior cusp with both coronary arteries arising from the anterior cusp (⬃80% of cases), or fusion of the right and non-coronary cusps resulting in a larger right than l ...
3 Ventricular Function
... because the venous filling pressure can be measured in humans, albeit indirectly, by the technique of Swan-Ganz catheterization (Fig. 4), as can the stroke volume. Nonetheless, there is a defect in this reasoning. The left ventricular pressure and volume are not linearly related because the myocardi ...
... because the venous filling pressure can be measured in humans, albeit indirectly, by the technique of Swan-Ganz catheterization (Fig. 4), as can the stroke volume. Nonetheless, there is a defect in this reasoning. The left ventricular pressure and volume are not linearly related because the myocardi ...
Surgical treatment of congenital coronary artery
... The successful use of percutaneous transcatheter closure devices has been described, and these are increasingly being used, especially in the pediatric population.[12,13] The most frequent complication associated with this type of procedure is the embolization of the occlusion device, which occured ...
... The successful use of percutaneous transcatheter closure devices has been described, and these are increasingly being used, especially in the pediatric population.[12,13] The most frequent complication associated with this type of procedure is the embolization of the occlusion device, which occured ...
Supraventricular arrhythmias
... • A 35-year old woman with unrepaired Ebstein's anomaly is evaluated in the emergency department for recurrent tachycardia episodes. Several episodes occur while she is being evaluated. She notes that she feels somewhat lightheaded. • The patient's blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg. She is acyanotic an ...
... • A 35-year old woman with unrepaired Ebstein's anomaly is evaluated in the emergency department for recurrent tachycardia episodes. Several episodes occur while she is being evaluated. She notes that she feels somewhat lightheaded. • The patient's blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg. She is acyanotic an ...
Cardiovascular Malformations and Complications in Turner Syndrome
... in combination, comprised >50% of the cardiac malformations. Bicuspid valve was often not detected by examination, but only by echocardiography. Aortic dissection occurred in three of the patients. In one, it was traumatic; in a second, it occurred at the site of coarctation repair. The third patien ...
... in combination, comprised >50% of the cardiac malformations. Bicuspid valve was often not detected by examination, but only by echocardiography. Aortic dissection occurred in three of the patients. In one, it was traumatic; in a second, it occurred at the site of coarctation repair. The third patien ...
Atrial systole: its role in normal and diseased hearts
... cardiac output was due to regurgitation of blood back into the atrium. Gesell argued against this because he observed only a small ‘v’ wave in the venous pressure trace during asynchronous contraction (later confirmed by Sarnoff in 1962 [17]),and in a later experiment [51he showed that cardiac outpu ...
... cardiac output was due to regurgitation of blood back into the atrium. Gesell argued against this because he observed only a small ‘v’ wave in the venous pressure trace during asynchronous contraction (later confirmed by Sarnoff in 1962 [17]),and in a later experiment [51he showed that cardiac outpu ...
The Clinical Value of Mitral A-Wave Deceleration Time in the
... who were unaware of the study protocol, with an ATLUM9 ultrasound unit, using a 2.5 MHz phased array transducer. LV filling was assessed with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Measurements were obtained with the transducer in the apical four-chamber view, and the Doppler beam aligned as perpendi ...
... who were unaware of the study protocol, with an ATLUM9 ultrasound unit, using a 2.5 MHz phased array transducer. LV filling was assessed with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. Measurements were obtained with the transducer in the apical four-chamber view, and the Doppler beam aligned as perpendi ...
Pregnancy Complicated by Valvular Heart Disease: An Update
... admission was common, seen in 38% of patients with VHD, and supraventricular arrhythmias were more commonly observed in VHD patients than in any other patient subgroup, which included those with congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and ischemic heart disease. Furthermore, postpartum hemorrhage ...
... admission was common, seen in 38% of patients with VHD, and supraventricular arrhythmias were more commonly observed in VHD patients than in any other patient subgroup, which included those with congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, and ischemic heart disease. Furthermore, postpartum hemorrhage ...
Ventricular Septal Defect With Secondary Left Ventricular–to–Right
... In this study, the diagnosis of perimembranous VSD was based on previous echocardiographic reports.15,16 In addition, the diagnostic hallmark for endocardial cushion defect, a left atrioventricular valve with 3 leaflets, could distinguish the endocardial cushion defect from perimembranous VSD. Aneur ...
... In this study, the diagnosis of perimembranous VSD was based on previous echocardiographic reports.15,16 In addition, the diagnostic hallmark for endocardial cushion defect, a left atrioventricular valve with 3 leaflets, could distinguish the endocardial cushion defect from perimembranous VSD. Aneur ...
Aortopulmonary Collaterals After Bidirectional Cavopulmonary
... undergone a BCPC but not a Fontan operation at the time of the MRI. One patient was in both groups because she underwent an MRI both before and after the Fontan procedure. The other patients had no comparative studies before and after the Fontan completion. Six of the 19 patients had had no surgical ...
... undergone a BCPC but not a Fontan operation at the time of the MRI. One patient was in both groups because she underwent an MRI both before and after the Fontan procedure. The other patients had no comparative studies before and after the Fontan completion. Six of the 19 patients had had no surgical ...
PDF file - Via Medica Journals
... performed immediately, due to the symptoms of acute coronary syndrome or effort angina pectoris. Gibson method was applied to assess SCF and the results testified to significant SCF [20]. A method proposed by Gibson (TIMI frame count) [3] is also useful for detecting SCF. The method counts the numbe ...
... performed immediately, due to the symptoms of acute coronary syndrome or effort angina pectoris. Gibson method was applied to assess SCF and the results testified to significant SCF [20]. A method proposed by Gibson (TIMI frame count) [3] is also useful for detecting SCF. The method counts the numbe ...
Common long-term HEAP final versionKDg
... rule in patients with a systemic right ventricle (Figure 1). Patients with a previous Fontan operation, on the other hand, may have preserved systolic function of the systemic ventricle, however, small changes in pulmonary vascular resistance will lead to failure of the Fontan circulation which mig ...
... rule in patients with a systemic right ventricle (Figure 1). Patients with a previous Fontan operation, on the other hand, may have preserved systolic function of the systemic ventricle, however, small changes in pulmonary vascular resistance will lead to failure of the Fontan circulation which mig ...
ECG INTRODUCTION (Lecture 1)
... a T wave. Cardiac Repolarization spreads relatively Slowly through the muscle mass, Outside the conducting system. Hence, the T wave is considerably Longer in duration and, therefore, Broader on the ECG paper than the QRS complex. In leads with an “overall” positive QRS complex that is the positive ...
... a T wave. Cardiac Repolarization spreads relatively Slowly through the muscle mass, Outside the conducting system. Hence, the T wave is considerably Longer in duration and, therefore, Broader on the ECG paper than the QRS complex. In leads with an “overall” positive QRS complex that is the positive ...
Distribution and Structure of Purkinje Fibers in the Heart of Ostrich
... Green Masson’s Trichrome [8]. 2.2. Electron Microscopy. Three other hearts were removed just after slaughter and quickly immersed in Karnovsky’s solution for fixation. Cubes of tissue (about 1 mm) were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide with 0.1 m phosphate buffer. Specimens were dehydrated in ethano ...
... Green Masson’s Trichrome [8]. 2.2. Electron Microscopy. Three other hearts were removed just after slaughter and quickly immersed in Karnovsky’s solution for fixation. Cubes of tissue (about 1 mm) were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide with 0.1 m phosphate buffer. Specimens were dehydrated in ethano ...
Management of patients treated with left ventricular assist devices
... success of CPB stimulated research into other innovative techniques for supporting the circulation. In the 1960s, CHF patients were occasionally supported by CPB (9), ventricular assist device (10), or total artificial heart (11). Although the overall success rate was limited, this early experience ...
... success of CPB stimulated research into other innovative techniques for supporting the circulation. In the 1960s, CHF patients were occasionally supported by CPB (9), ventricular assist device (10), or total artificial heart (11). Although the overall success rate was limited, this early experience ...
Lutembacher's syndrome
Lutembacher's syndrome is a form of congenital heart disease. Lutembacher's syndrome was first described by a French cardiologist by the name of Rene' Lutembacher (1884–1968) of Paris, France in 1916. Lutembacher syndrome is a rare disease that affects one of the chambers of the heart as well as a valve of the heart. Lutembacher's syndrome is known to affect females more often than males. Lutembacher is an extremely rare disease. Lutembacher's can affect children or adults; the person can either be born with the disorder or develop it later in life.Lutembacher affects more specifically the atria of the heart and the mitral or biscupid valve. The disorder itself is known more specifically as both congenital atrial septal defect (ASD) and acquired mitral stenosis (MS). Congenital (at birth) atrial septal defect refers to a hole being in the septum or wall that separates the two atria; this condition is usually seen in fetuses and infants. Mitral stenosis refers to mitral valve leaflets (or valve flaps) sticking to each other making the opening for blood to pass from the atrium to the ventricles very small. With the valve being so small, blood has difficulty passing through the left atrium into the left ventricle. There are several types of septal defects that may occur with Lutembacher's syndrome: ASD Ostium Secundum or ASD (Primium); Ostium Secundum is the most prevalent.Lutembacher is caused indirectly as the result of heart damage or disorders and not something that is necessarily infectious. Lutembacher's syndrome is caused by either birth defects where the heart fails to close all holes in the walls between the atria or from an episode of rheumatic fever where damage is done to the heart valves such as the mitral valve and resultant in an opening of heart wall between atria. With Lutembacher's syndrome, a fetus or infant is usually seen to have a hole in their heart wall (interatrial) separating their right and left atria. Normally during fetal development, blood bypasses the lungs and is oxygenated from the placenta. Blood passes from the umbilical cord and flows into the left atrium through an opening called the foramen ovale; the formaen ovale is a hole between the two atria. Once a baby is born and the lungs begin to fill with air and the blood flow of the heart changes, a tissue flap (somewhat like a trap door) called the septum primium closes the foramen ovale or hole between the two atria and becomes part of the atrial wall. The failure of the hole between the two atria to close after birth leads to a disorder called ASD primium. The most common problems with an opening found in the heart with Lutembacher's syndrome is Ostium Secundum. Ostium Secundum is a hole that is found within the flap of tissue (septum primium) that will eventually close the hole between the two atria after birth. With either type of ASD, ASD will usually cause the blood flow from the right atrium to skip going to the right ventricle and instead flow to the left atrium. If mitral stenosis (the hardening of flap of tissue known as a valve which opens and closes between the left atrium and ventricle to control blood flow) is also present, blood will flow into the right atrium through the hole between the atria wall instead of flowing into the left ventricle and systemic circulation. Eventually this leads to other problems such as the right ventricle failing and a reduced blood flow to the left ventricle.In addition to the ASD, acquired MS can be present either from an episode of rheumatic fever (the mother has or had rheumatic fever during the pregnancy) or the child being born with the disorder (congenital MS). With the combination of both ASD and MS, the heart can be under severe strain as it tries to move blood throughout the heart and lungs. To correct Lutembacher's syndrome, surgery is often done. There are several types of surgeries depending on the cause of Lutembacher's syndrome(ASD Primium or ASD Ostium Secundum with Mitral Stenosis): Suturing (stitching) or placing a patch of tissue (similar to skin grafting) over the hole to completely close the opening Reconstructing of the mitral and tricuspid valve while patching any holes in the heart Device closure of ASD (e.g. Amplatzer umbrella or CardioSEAL to seal the hole Percutaneous transcatheter therapy Transcatheter therapy of balloon valvuloplasty to correct MS↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 ↑ ↑ ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 ↑