1-acyanotic congental heart diseases
... • Ductus venosus and ductus arteriosus close • Right-to-left shunting through foramen ovale ceases Timing of these events determines the timing of presentation of congenital heart defects ...
... • Ductus venosus and ductus arteriosus close • Right-to-left shunting through foramen ovale ceases Timing of these events determines the timing of presentation of congenital heart defects ...
4.1.2 Anatomy Heart-SW
... looking at a person’s chest from the front view. Refer to your pinned labels as needed for landmarks. Move the flags if they are getting in the way of your cuts. Add additional flags to the internal structures. 22. Find the right atrium. 23. Use the scalpel to cut through the entire length of the ri ...
... looking at a person’s chest from the front view. Refer to your pinned labels as needed for landmarks. Move the flags if they are getting in the way of your cuts. Add additional flags to the internal structures. 22. Find the right atrium. 23. Use the scalpel to cut through the entire length of the ri ...
Heart Blocks - Karina Vercic
... • One strong ventricle impulse that hijacks the conduction system of the heart. Patient may be “stable” with a pulse or unstable with “no pulse” • AV node is on its own and SA node is not working • A series of three or more PVCs in a row ...
... • One strong ventricle impulse that hijacks the conduction system of the heart. Patient may be “stable” with a pulse or unstable with “no pulse” • AV node is on its own and SA node is not working • A series of three or more PVCs in a row ...
Ivabradine and Outcomes in Chronic Heart Failure (SHIFT)
... endpoint validation committee reviewed and adjudicated all pre-specified events according to definitions included in a charter. These definitions were not included in the main SHIFT article. When considering cause-specific mortality, the number of events is reduced, and this reduces the statistical ...
... endpoint validation committee reviewed and adjudicated all pre-specified events according to definitions included in a charter. These definitions were not included in the main SHIFT article. When considering cause-specific mortality, the number of events is reduced, and this reduces the statistical ...
Primary Cardiac Tumors
... • 0.002 to 0.3% incidence in autopsy series • Metastatic involvement of the heart is 20 times more common than primary lesions • Majority are benign (~75%) ...
... • 0.002 to 0.3% incidence in autopsy series • Metastatic involvement of the heart is 20 times more common than primary lesions • Majority are benign (~75%) ...
hypertensive vascular disease
... Pathogenesis of essential HTN Genetic factors familial clustering of hypertension HTN has been linked to specific angiotensinogen polymorphisms and angiotensin II receptor variants; polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system. • Susceptibility genes for essential hypertension are currently unknown ...
... Pathogenesis of essential HTN Genetic factors familial clustering of hypertension HTN has been linked to specific angiotensinogen polymorphisms and angiotensin II receptor variants; polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system. • Susceptibility genes for essential hypertension are currently unknown ...
Varicose veins
... ◦ Pulse pressure is difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures Causes the pulse: expansion and contraction of arterial ...
... ◦ Pulse pressure is difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures Causes the pulse: expansion and contraction of arterial ...
What is Cardiac Catheterization
... Your groin will be the main spot used for the heart catheterization. In rare instances, upper body blood vessels are used. Your doctor will decide which spot to use. The right groin is most often used in our laboratory. The area will be shaved if needed, and cleaned to remove any bacteria on the ski ...
... Your groin will be the main spot used for the heart catheterization. In rare instances, upper body blood vessels are used. Your doctor will decide which spot to use. The right groin is most often used in our laboratory. The area will be shaved if needed, and cleaned to remove any bacteria on the ski ...
GUIDELINE Heart Failure Society of South Africa (HeFSSA
... This may show sinus tachycardia (>100 bpm), bundle branch block patterns, heart block, previous myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation (AF), among other abnormalities. A normal ECG in all respects makes the diagnosis of HF-REF unlikely. 4.1.2 Chest X-ray This ...
... This may show sinus tachycardia (>100 bpm), bundle branch block patterns, heart block, previous myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation (AF), among other abnormalities. A normal ECG in all respects makes the diagnosis of HF-REF unlikely. 4.1.2 Chest X-ray This ...
1. ______ carry blood away from the heart. A. Arteries B. Veins C
... 49. Which chamber pumps the blood to the body through the systemic circuit? A. right atrium B. left atrium C. right ventricle D. left ventricle 50. The aortic semilunar valve prevents blood from flowing backwards into the A. right atrium. B. left atrium. C. right ventricle. D. left ventricle. 51. W ...
... 49. Which chamber pumps the blood to the body through the systemic circuit? A. right atrium B. left atrium C. right ventricle D. left ventricle 50. The aortic semilunar valve prevents blood from flowing backwards into the A. right atrium. B. left atrium. C. right ventricle. D. left ventricle. 51. W ...
The Cardiac Cycle
... • Meanwhile, the atria have been filling with blood. When atrial pressure exceeds ventricular pressure, AV valves open and ventricular filling, phase 1 begins again. Page 11. Ventricular and Atrial Contraction • Although we have been highlighting the flow of blood on the right side of the heart, rem ...
... • Meanwhile, the atria have been filling with blood. When atrial pressure exceeds ventricular pressure, AV valves open and ventricular filling, phase 1 begins again. Page 11. Ventricular and Atrial Contraction • Although we have been highlighting the flow of blood on the right side of the heart, rem ...
Essentials of Human Anatomy
... • As the skeletal muscles contract, veins are squeezed to help pump the blood toward the heart. • This process is called the skeletal muscle pump. ...
... • As the skeletal muscles contract, veins are squeezed to help pump the blood toward the heart. • This process is called the skeletal muscle pump. ...
the PDF
... body where it lives, but it is even more important with cardiac disease. In particular, it is exactly the critical neuro-humeral and hormonal influence present in patients that we believe leads to important diseases like heart failure and arrhythmia, and we simply could not study this well in the e ...
... body where it lives, but it is even more important with cardiac disease. In particular, it is exactly the critical neuro-humeral and hormonal influence present in patients that we believe leads to important diseases like heart failure and arrhythmia, and we simply could not study this well in the e ...
![Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [CRT]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/003757028_1-b5efba3cd498dd5814d5097964e81faf-300x300.png)
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy [CRT]
... Three leads, which will carry electrical signals from the CRT device to your heart, are threaded through a vein and guided into the right atrium and both ventricles. The lead tips are attached to the heart muscle, and the other ends are attached to a battery-operated pulse generator, which is place ...
... Three leads, which will carry electrical signals from the CRT device to your heart, are threaded through a vein and guided into the right atrium and both ventricles. The lead tips are attached to the heart muscle, and the other ends are attached to a battery-operated pulse generator, which is place ...
phys chapter 9 [12-11
... Blood normally flows from great veins into atria, and 80% of blood flows directly through atria into ventricles before atria contract – atrial contraction usually causes an additional 20% filling of ventricles, so atria are only primer pumps that increase ventricular pumping effectiveness by 20% Hea ...
... Blood normally flows from great veins into atria, and 80% of blood flows directly through atria into ventricles before atria contract – atrial contraction usually causes an additional 20% filling of ventricles, so atria are only primer pumps that increase ventricular pumping effectiveness by 20% Hea ...
Circulation in the Three
... dilution technic. They reported that the dye injected into the right atrium appears very rapidly in the pulmonary artery and only a small fraction appears in the aortas. The recorded pressures revealed a difference between the systolic pressures in the left and right atrium. Steggerda and Essex repo ...
... dilution technic. They reported that the dye injected into the right atrium appears very rapidly in the pulmonary artery and only a small fraction appears in the aortas. The recorded pressures revealed a difference between the systolic pressures in the left and right atrium. Steggerda and Essex repo ...
Understanding screening for Pulmonary Arterio-Venous
... lungs will filter out all of the saline bubbles or allow for very slow passage of the bubbles to the left side of the heart. If you have a PAVM, the agitated saline bubbles will appear in the left side of the heart after 3-5 beats of the heart and the test would be considered positive for intrapulmo ...
... lungs will filter out all of the saline bubbles or allow for very slow passage of the bubbles to the left side of the heart. If you have a PAVM, the agitated saline bubbles will appear in the left side of the heart after 3-5 beats of the heart and the test would be considered positive for intrapulmo ...
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
... pathophysiology of HFpEF may involve additional cardiovascular alterations beyond diastolic dysfunction, such as impairment in systolic function. Consideration of systolic function in patients with HFpEF may appear surprising at first because ejection fraction (EF), by definition, should fall within ...
... pathophysiology of HFpEF may involve additional cardiovascular alterations beyond diastolic dysfunction, such as impairment in systolic function. Consideration of systolic function in patients with HFpEF may appear surprising at first because ejection fraction (EF), by definition, should fall within ...
Is Phonocardiogram Gating a Reliable Alternative to ECG
... Similar to other applications of clinical MRI, cardiac MR (CMR) is moving toward imaging at ultrahigh field strengths (≥ 7 Tesla) due to potential gains associated with increasing field strengths. Beside the well-known challenges intrinsically tied to all imaging at ultrahigh field strengths, CMR is ...
... Similar to other applications of clinical MRI, cardiac MR (CMR) is moving toward imaging at ultrahigh field strengths (≥ 7 Tesla) due to potential gains associated with increasing field strengths. Beside the well-known challenges intrinsically tied to all imaging at ultrahigh field strengths, CMR is ...
Cardiac Activities
... Cardiac Activities Introduction The vertebrate heart is myogenic; that is the beat originates within the heart without the need for an external stimulus to be delivered by the nervous system or the endocrine system. Although the heart generates its own beat, external agents can alter the rate of the ...
... Cardiac Activities Introduction The vertebrate heart is myogenic; that is the beat originates within the heart without the need for an external stimulus to be delivered by the nervous system or the endocrine system. Although the heart generates its own beat, external agents can alter the rate of the ...
the presentation
... If you cannot currently hear the audio, please start a private chat with Leah Kaiser. ...
... If you cannot currently hear the audio, please start a private chat with Leah Kaiser. ...
Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery
... homonymous mitral papillary muscle are the most affected parts, two of the elements in which the clinical form of presentation is based (left ventricular dysfunction and mitral regurgitation). When pressure in the pulmonary artery is low, a steal of coronary flow from the pulmonary artery is added a ...
... homonymous mitral papillary muscle are the most affected parts, two of the elements in which the clinical form of presentation is based (left ventricular dysfunction and mitral regurgitation). When pressure in the pulmonary artery is low, a steal of coronary flow from the pulmonary artery is added a ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.