25 vagal influence on heart rate in hibernating ground squirrels
... this influence is reduced or absent. This is consistent with previous studies (Biewald and Raths, 1959; Lyman and O’Brien, 1964; Johansen et al. 1964) as well as with observations that infusion of atropine often did not increase heart rate in hibernating animals (Lyman and O’Brien, 1964). Nonetheles ...
... this influence is reduced or absent. This is consistent with previous studies (Biewald and Raths, 1959; Lyman and O’Brien, 1964; Johansen et al. 1964) as well as with observations that infusion of atropine often did not increase heart rate in hibernating animals (Lyman and O’Brien, 1964). Nonetheles ...
the Cardiovascular Sciences Collaborative Programs
... Cardiovascular sciences has a rich and illustrious history at the University of Toronto. In order to further encourage graduate training in such a rich environment, the Cardiovascular Sciences Collaborative Program (CSCP) was officially established and recognized by Governing Council in 1992. Since ...
... Cardiovascular sciences has a rich and illustrious history at the University of Toronto. In order to further encourage graduate training in such a rich environment, the Cardiovascular Sciences Collaborative Program (CSCP) was officially established and recognized by Governing Council in 1992. Since ...
Natural history of ventricular premature contractions in
... Aims Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are thought to be innocent in children with normal hearts, especially if they disappear during exercise. The aim of our study was to study the natural history of PVCs in childhood and whether there is a difference between PVCs originating from the right ...
... Aims Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are thought to be innocent in children with normal hearts, especially if they disappear during exercise. The aim of our study was to study the natural history of PVCs in childhood and whether there is a difference between PVCs originating from the right ...
Comorbidity and Ventricular and Vascular Structure and Function in
... patients with or without an individual comorbidity (anemia, diabetes mellitus, or renal dysfunction) was performed in log-log models where the log-transformed variables were compared between groups adjusting for natural log of height, natural log of weight, and other concomitant comorbidities. Compa ...
... patients with or without an individual comorbidity (anemia, diabetes mellitus, or renal dysfunction) was performed in log-log models where the log-transformed variables were compared between groups adjusting for natural log of height, natural log of weight, and other concomitant comorbidities. Compa ...
Evaluation of Palpitations: Etiology and Diagnostic
... risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Exercise stress testing may be particularly useful for certain patients deemed to be at high risk for ischemic heart disease by global risk assessment.17 ...
... risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Exercise stress testing may be particularly useful for certain patients deemed to be at high risk for ischemic heart disease by global risk assessment.17 ...
Cardiac Hypertrophy Is Associated With Decreased eNOS
... For all experiments, 1- or 2-way ANOVA followed by appropriate post hoc tests or t tests was used to determine statistical significance (P⬍0.05) with the use of Prism 3.0cx software (GraphPad). ...
... For all experiments, 1- or 2-way ANOVA followed by appropriate post hoc tests or t tests was used to determine statistical significance (P⬍0.05) with the use of Prism 3.0cx software (GraphPad). ...
conduction-sinus-atrial
... - Take a second look at sinus tachycardia > 150/mt – may be 2:1 conduction! ...
... - Take a second look at sinus tachycardia > 150/mt – may be 2:1 conduction! ...
Heart failure and PAH
... creatine and phosphocreatin, contributing to contractile dysfunction when the heart is stressed, such as during the increased sympathetic drive of exercise 74. Concomitantly increased levels of free intracellular ADP further reduce the inotropic reserve. Since there are no known interventions that c ...
... creatine and phosphocreatin, contributing to contractile dysfunction when the heart is stressed, such as during the increased sympathetic drive of exercise 74. Concomitantly increased levels of free intracellular ADP further reduce the inotropic reserve. Since there are no known interventions that c ...
Right ventricular aneurysm with - Heart
... act as foci of the ventricular premature beats, and in one of them, aneurysmectomy led to the abolition of the ventricular premature beats. The majority of left ventricular aneurysms occur as minute and the rhythm was irregular with frequent a consequence of ischaemic heart disease and healed extras ...
... act as foci of the ventricular premature beats, and in one of them, aneurysmectomy led to the abolition of the ventricular premature beats. The majority of left ventricular aneurysms occur as minute and the rhythm was irregular with frequent a consequence of ischaemic heart disease and healed extras ...
Outcomes following aortic valve replacement for
... surface area, which may or may not be linked to female sex, as a risk factor for medium term mortality following AVR.(18) Factors such as body fat composition, which may delay healing, as well as the postmenopausal state, which may confer an increased risk to death following surgery, have been postu ...
... surface area, which may or may not be linked to female sex, as a risk factor for medium term mortality following AVR.(18) Factors such as body fat composition, which may delay healing, as well as the postmenopausal state, which may confer an increased risk to death following surgery, have been postu ...
Paced right bundle branch block: where is the catheter
... pacing.1-3 Without recognition of the potential complications, the adverse effects can outweigh the beneficial effects. Regardless of the site of lead insertion, fluoroscopic guidance during the procedure greatly facilitates anatomically accurate lead placement. On occasion, the urgency of the clini ...
... pacing.1-3 Without recognition of the potential complications, the adverse effects can outweigh the beneficial effects. Regardless of the site of lead insertion, fluoroscopic guidance during the procedure greatly facilitates anatomically accurate lead placement. On occasion, the urgency of the clini ...
Copyright Information of the Article Published Online TITLE
... or death from any cause[34]. Although there was no overall difference in the combined primary endpoints between the two treatments (P = 0.4), warfarin was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of ischaemic stroke (2.5% vs 4.7%, P = 0.005) without a significant difference in the rate of ...
... or death from any cause[34]. Although there was no overall difference in the combined primary endpoints between the two treatments (P = 0.4), warfarin was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of ischaemic stroke (2.5% vs 4.7%, P = 0.005) without a significant difference in the rate of ...
Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure: A Review of the
... past or current AF, those with new onset AF had a 57% higher risk of death. Past or chronic AF was not associated with a significant higher risk of death. New onset AF, but not baseline AF, remained an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in an analysis of COMET.51 The mortality risk is part ...
... past or current AF, those with new onset AF had a 57% higher risk of death. Past or chronic AF was not associated with a significant higher risk of death. New onset AF, but not baseline AF, remained an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in an analysis of COMET.51 The mortality risk is part ...
Brugada Syndrome
... Asymptomatic individuals present a greater dilemma. One must expect events to occur in these individuals because symptomatic patients usually have been asymptomatic for many years. The question is, who? And when? It seems from the latest follow-up that programmed electrical stimulation (PES) will he ...
... Asymptomatic individuals present a greater dilemma. One must expect events to occur in these individuals because symptomatic patients usually have been asymptomatic for many years. The question is, who? And when? It seems from the latest follow-up that programmed electrical stimulation (PES) will he ...
Tilburg University Type D personality is a predictor
... with only two studies focusing on the impact of the distressed (Type D) personality (i.e., increased tendency to experience increased negative emotions paired with emotional non-expression due to fear of rejection by others) on quality of life in heart failure (Schiffer et al. 2008a, b, 2005). These ...
... with only two studies focusing on the impact of the distressed (Type D) personality (i.e., increased tendency to experience increased negative emotions paired with emotional non-expression due to fear of rejection by others) on quality of life in heart failure (Schiffer et al. 2008a, b, 2005). These ...
Relation Between Body Fat–Corrected ECG Voltage
... examination, and only those patients with essential hypertension were selected for the study. Because no definite relation between their ECG findings and echocardiographic LVM could be found, the following were eliminated from the study: 4 patients demonstrating right bundle branch block, 2 patients ...
... examination, and only those patients with essential hypertension were selected for the study. Because no definite relation between their ECG findings and echocardiographic LVM could be found, the following were eliminated from the study: 4 patients demonstrating right bundle branch block, 2 patients ...
The Examination of the Heart Rate Recovery after Anaerobic
... support suitable levels in organism, so the training frequency doesn’t seem to have been introduced as necessary in this situation and enough overloads doesn’t take place to support performance. Heart rate and myocardial spasms increase during run to supply active muscles with energy7. With finishin ...
... support suitable levels in organism, so the training frequency doesn’t seem to have been introduced as necessary in this situation and enough overloads doesn’t take place to support performance. Heart rate and myocardial spasms increase during run to supply active muscles with energy7. With finishin ...
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left Ventricular Systolic and
... not only diagnose LV hypertrophy, but also refine cardiovascular and renal risks.3-5 Hypertensive heart disease is a constellation of signs and symptoms, including LV hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, and decompensated heart failure.6 Hypertension results in LV thickening ...
... not only diagnose LV hypertrophy, but also refine cardiovascular and renal risks.3-5 Hypertensive heart disease is a constellation of signs and symptoms, including LV hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmias, and decompensated heart failure.6 Hypertension results in LV thickening ...
The Johns Hopkins Arrhythmia Service A guide for patients and their families
... to determine the cause of arrhythmias and develop therapies for patients who have arrhythmia-associated problems. As the first such service in Maryland and one of the first in the United States, the Johns Hopkins Arrhythmia Service rapidly took on a leadership role. An early success was the developm ...
... to determine the cause of arrhythmias and develop therapies for patients who have arrhythmia-associated problems. As the first such service in Maryland and one of the first in the United States, the Johns Hopkins Arrhythmia Service rapidly took on a leadership role. An early success was the developm ...
Table 1
... eliminates AF in many cases and emphasizes the importance of these triggers located in the muscular sleeves (3,4). Such sleeves are also present in the normal heart, and the reasons for the maintenance of triggering activity are largely unknown. Experimental studies have shown that parasympathetic s ...
... eliminates AF in many cases and emphasizes the importance of these triggers located in the muscular sleeves (3,4). Such sleeves are also present in the normal heart, and the reasons for the maintenance of triggering activity are largely unknown. Experimental studies have shown that parasympathetic s ...
Vascular Anatomy and Pathology
... •The left common carotid artery originates separately from the innominate artery. •This anatomy occurs in 9% of the population. ...
... •The left common carotid artery originates separately from the innominate artery. •This anatomy occurs in 9% of the population. ...
Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest.Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque, leading to complete blockage of a coronary artery. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.Aspirin is an appropriate immediate treatment for a suspected MI. Nitroglycerin or opioids may be used to help with chest pain; however, they do not improve overall outcomes. Supplemental oxygen should be used in those with low oxygen levels or shortness of breath. In ST elevation MIs treatments which attempt to restore blood flow to the heart are typically recommended and include angioplasty, where the arteries are pushed open, or thrombolysis, where the blockage is removed using medications. People who have a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are often managed with the blood thinner heparin, with the additional use angioplasty in those at high risk. In people with blockages of multiple coronary arteries and diabetes, bypass surgery (CABG) may be recommended rather than angioplasty. After an MI, lifestyle modifications, along with long term treatment with aspirin, beta blockers, and statins, are typically recommended.Worldwide, more than 3 million people have ST elevation MIs and 4 million have NSTEMIs each year. STEMIs occur about twice as often in men as women. About one million people have an MI each year in the United States. In the developed world the risk of death in those who have had an STEMI is about 10%. Rates of MI for a given age have decreased globally between 1990 and 2010.