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Jupiter`s Secrets Revealed
Jupiter`s Secrets Revealed

... Revolutionary Discovery Galileo (1564–1642) made the first important discoveries with a tool that was new during his time— the telescope. Before Galileo used a telescope to discover the four largest moons of Jupiter in 1610, many people believed that the planets and the Sun revolved around Earth. Gal ...
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... Metis - Only about 24 miles in diameter, this moon orbits Jupiter from a distance of 76,800 miles Adrastea - Tiny, about 12 miles in diameter, Adrastea circles Jupiter from about 77,400 away. Amalthea - This small moon, 118 miles in diameter, was a target of the Galileo spacecraft on it's final pass ...
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Juno Mission to Jupiter

... colder and easily melted materials could exist in the same amounts as materials that form at higher temperatures. Or it could mean that the easily melted material was trapped inside ice that was able to form near Jupiter’s present position. ...
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... Therefore, the perpendicular distance of the moon should be a sinusoidal curve if you plot it versus time (see Figure 2). By taking enough measurements of the position of a moon, you can fit a sine curve to the data and determine the radius of the orbit (the amplitude of the sine curve) and the peri ...
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... 3. Repeat 1 and 2 above until you have measured and recorded the positions of all visible moons. If a moon is eclipsed by Jupiter leave the measurement blank. 4. Click Next on the Observation Screen and repeat 1 through 3 above. Collect a total of at least eighteen sets of measurements. To safeguard ...
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... Jupiter is the fifth and largest planet in our solar system. This gas giant has a thick atmosphere, at least 63 known moons, and a dark, barely-visible ring. Its most prominent features are bands across its latitudes and a great red spot (which is a storm). Jupiter is composed mostly of gas. This en ...
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... The most sensitive and sophisticated SETI program ever undertaken was Project Phoenix which, from 1998 to 2003, observed over 800 sun-like stars searching for any signals from that might come from ET. It used two of the world’s largest radio telescopes, the 300m Arecibo dish in Puerto Rico and the 7 ...
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... The Galilean moons of Jupiter are heated by tides from Jupiter – closer moons are hotter. Ganymede and Callisto are old, geologically dead worlds: mostly ice mantles over rocky cores. Innermost Io is tidally melted inside, making it the most volcanically active world in the Solar System. Europa may ...
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... Is Jupiter a Failed Star? • Jupiter is by far the largest and most massive planet, but is still much smaller than the Sun • If Jupiter had been about 100 times more massive, it would have undergone fusion and become a small, dim star ...
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Galileo (spacecraft)



Galileo was an unmanned spacecraft that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as several other Solar System bodies. Named after the astronomer Galileo Galilei, it consisted of an orbiter and entry probe. It was launched on October 18, 1989, carried by Space Shuttle Atlantis, on the STS-34 mission. Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, after gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, and became the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter. It launched the first probe into Jupiter, directly measuring its atmosphere. Despite suffering major antenna problems, Galileo achieved the first asteroid flyby, of 951 Gaspra, and discovered the first asteroid moon, Dactyl, around 243 Ida. In 1994, Galileo observed Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9's collision with Jupiter. The spacecraft was an international effort by the United States of America and the Federal Republic of Germany.Jupiter's atmospheric composition and ammonia clouds were recorded, the clouds possibly created by outflows from the lower depths of the atmosphere. Io's volcanism and plasma interactions with Jupiter's atmosphere were also recorded. The data Galileo collected supported the theory of a liquid ocean under the icy surface of Europa, and there were indications of similar liquid-saltwater layers under the surfaces of Ganymede and Callisto. Ganymede was shown to possess a magnetic field and the spacecraft found new evidence for exospheres around Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. Galileo also discovered that Jupiter's faint ring system consists of dust from impacts on the four small inner moons. The extent and structure of Jupiter's magnetosphere was also mapped.On September 21, 2003, after 14 years in space and 8 years in the Jovian system, Galileo‍‍ '​‍s mission was terminated by sending it into Jupiter's atmosphere at a speed of over 48 kilometers (30 mi) per second, eliminating the possibility of contaminating local moons with terrestrial bacteria.On December 11, 2013, NASA reported, based on results from the Galileo mission, the detection of ""clay-like minerals"" (specifically, phyllosilicates), often associated with organic materials, on the icy crust of Europa, moon of Jupiter. The presence of the minerals may have been the result of a collision with an asteroid or comet according to the scientists.
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