Secondary arterial hypertension: when, who, and how to
... Secondary hypertension refers to arterial hypertension due to an identifiable cause and affects 5–10% of the general hypertensive population. Because secondary forms are rare and work up is time-consuming and expensive, only patients with clinical suspicion should be screened. In recent years, some ...
... Secondary hypertension refers to arterial hypertension due to an identifiable cause and affects 5–10% of the general hypertensive population. Because secondary forms are rare and work up is time-consuming and expensive, only patients with clinical suspicion should be screened. In recent years, some ...
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
... may play a role. It’s a very common type of heart defect. Some people can have other heart defects along with VSD. How does it affect the heart? Normally, the left side of the heart only pumps blood to the body, and the heart’s right side only pumps blood to the lungs. When a large opening exists be ...
... may play a role. It’s a very common type of heart defect. Some people can have other heart defects along with VSD. How does it affect the heart? Normally, the left side of the heart only pumps blood to the body, and the heart’s right side only pumps blood to the lungs. When a large opening exists be ...
Cardiovascular 10 – Mechanical Properties of the heart II
... Can be up to 80% in exercise or 40% during heart failure. Cardiac Output: amount of blood pumped out each ventricle per minute; calculated by heart rate x stroke volume. Usually around 5litres. 7. Construct Simple volume-pressure diagrams from the events during the cardiac cycle and annotate the ...
... Can be up to 80% in exercise or 40% during heart failure. Cardiac Output: amount of blood pumped out each ventricle per minute; calculated by heart rate x stroke volume. Usually around 5litres. 7. Construct Simple volume-pressure diagrams from the events during the cardiac cycle and annotate the ...
Myocardial infarction
... Diabetes mellitus is also known to predispose CHD, and is particularly prevalent among the Asian community (Porth 1998). It is often associated with increased lipid levels, obesity and hypertension and can be more of a risk for women than men. Alcohol is also implicated as it often increases body we ...
... Diabetes mellitus is also known to predispose CHD, and is particularly prevalent among the Asian community (Porth 1998). It is often associated with increased lipid levels, obesity and hypertension and can be more of a risk for women than men. Alcohol is also implicated as it often increases body we ...
Cardio6Activity4A.pdf
... 1.) Orient heart so the apex (bottom of “V”) of the heart points down and to your right. 2.) You should notice a whitish (fat deposits) line that runs diagonally across the heart. B. Dividing Heart into Front and Back Halves: 1.) Turn the heart so that the apex is pointing up. 2.) Using scissors, st ...
... 1.) Orient heart so the apex (bottom of “V”) of the heart points down and to your right. 2.) You should notice a whitish (fat deposits) line that runs diagonally across the heart. B. Dividing Heart into Front and Back Halves: 1.) Turn the heart so that the apex is pointing up. 2.) Using scissors, st ...
Minimum Question Cardiology and Angiology Year IV. 2016 1. The
... b, Inotropic and/or vasopressor therapy in patients with inadequate tissue perfusion to maintain mean arterial pressure of 60-65 mmHg c, Diuretics to decrease plasma volume and peripheral edema d, I.v. levosimendan to elevate blood pressure in case of hypotension e, Intra aortic balloon pump to augm ...
... b, Inotropic and/or vasopressor therapy in patients with inadequate tissue perfusion to maintain mean arterial pressure of 60-65 mmHg c, Diuretics to decrease plasma volume and peripheral edema d, I.v. levosimendan to elevate blood pressure in case of hypotension e, Intra aortic balloon pump to augm ...
Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
... a- the first sound is caused by contraction of the Purkinje fibers, the second by contraction of the papillary muscles b- the first sound is caused by closure of the A/V valves, the second by closure of the semilunar valves c- the first sound is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve, the second b ...
... a- the first sound is caused by contraction of the Purkinje fibers, the second by contraction of the papillary muscles b- the first sound is caused by closure of the A/V valves, the second by closure of the semilunar valves c- the first sound is caused by closure of the tricuspid valve, the second b ...
Pig Heart Dissection
... Mammals have four-chambered hearts and double circulation. The left side of the heart handles only oxygenated blood, and the right side receives and pumps only deoxygenated blood. Objective Using a pig heart, students will observe the major chambers, valves, and vessels of the heart and be able to d ...
... Mammals have four-chambered hearts and double circulation. The left side of the heart handles only oxygenated blood, and the right side receives and pumps only deoxygenated blood. Objective Using a pig heart, students will observe the major chambers, valves, and vessels of the heart and be able to d ...
Slide 11.2a
... made on the pressure in large arteries Force exerted by blood against inner walls of blood vessels ...
... made on the pressure in large arteries Force exerted by blood against inner walls of blood vessels ...
Diastolic Heart Failure
... adequately during rest and exercise, without an abnormal increase in diastolic pressures. ...
... adequately during rest and exercise, without an abnormal increase in diastolic pressures. ...
Unit 4 powerpoint (part 2)
... The inner layer is firmly attached to the heart wall and is known as the visceral layer or epicardium. The outer layer is composed of relatively inelastic connective tissue and is termed the parietal layer. ...
... The inner layer is firmly attached to the heart wall and is known as the visceral layer or epicardium. The outer layer is composed of relatively inelastic connective tissue and is termed the parietal layer. ...
Digitalis Glycosides
... 1. normal curve - representing 10 mm Hg filling pressure and normal stroke volume, 2. depressed - representing higher filling pressure to achieve equal amounts of stroke volume, which can be observed in cases of diastolic heart failure 3. positive inotropic agent- more stroke volume can be ejected w ...
... 1. normal curve - representing 10 mm Hg filling pressure and normal stroke volume, 2. depressed - representing higher filling pressure to achieve equal amounts of stroke volume, which can be observed in cases of diastolic heart failure 3. positive inotropic agent- more stroke volume can be ejected w ...
The Heart and Circulation
... to the heart to achieve 2nd function – (eg) Hepatic Portal System: aids digestion by picking up digestive nutrients from stomach + intestines and delivers to liver for processing/storage – Pick-up occurs at capillaries of stomach and intestine – Via Hepatic Portal Vein goes to capillaries of liver – ...
... to the heart to achieve 2nd function – (eg) Hepatic Portal System: aids digestion by picking up digestive nutrients from stomach + intestines and delivers to liver for processing/storage – Pick-up occurs at capillaries of stomach and intestine – Via Hepatic Portal Vein goes to capillaries of liver – ...
Heart Attack
... Interventional procedures – Angioplasty – Stents • open up the narrowed arteries • break up any clots that are blocking them ...
... Interventional procedures – Angioplasty – Stents • open up the narrowed arteries • break up any clots that are blocking them ...
Mechanisms of Chronic Heart Failure Development in End
... progression of renal disease (Bakris et al. 2000). A new light was brought by a series of subsequent studies, which were meta-analyzed by the project “INDIANA” (Boutitie et al. 2002). It has been shown that lowering diastolic blood pressure is protective until a certain level and then the risk of al ...
... progression of renal disease (Bakris et al. 2000). A new light was brought by a series of subsequent studies, which were meta-analyzed by the project “INDIANA” (Boutitie et al. 2002). It has been shown that lowering diastolic blood pressure is protective until a certain level and then the risk of al ...
Lecture I (PowerPoint) "The Circulatory System"
... within the artery walls. C. Symptoms: (1) High Blood Pressure -Increased blood pressure due to the narrow diameter of the artery. ...
... within the artery walls. C. Symptoms: (1) High Blood Pressure -Increased blood pressure due to the narrow diameter of the artery. ...
The Heart and Circulation
... to the heart to achieve 2nd function – (eg) Hepatic Portal System: aids digestion by picking up digestive nutrients from stomach + intestines and delivers to liver for processing/storage – Pick-up occurs at capillaries of stomach and intestine – Via Hepatic Portal Vein goes to capillaries of liver – ...
... to the heart to achieve 2nd function – (eg) Hepatic Portal System: aids digestion by picking up digestive nutrients from stomach + intestines and delivers to liver for processing/storage – Pick-up occurs at capillaries of stomach and intestine – Via Hepatic Portal Vein goes to capillaries of liver – ...
Hypertension
... • Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has been considered to have a crucial function in the pathogenesis of hypertension among obese individuals. • Many studies provide evidence of high muscle SNS activity in obese subjects. High-caloric intake increases norepinephrine turnover in per ...
... • Activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) has been considered to have a crucial function in the pathogenesis of hypertension among obese individuals. • Many studies provide evidence of high muscle SNS activity in obese subjects. High-caloric intake increases norepinephrine turnover in per ...
File
... Amplified: Made larger or enlarged. The amplifier of the electrocardiograph enlarges the electrical impulse activity and the recording can be read more easily. Amplitude: Amount, extent, size, abundance, or fullness. Angina Pectoris: Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordiu ...
... Amplified: Made larger or enlarged. The amplifier of the electrocardiograph enlarges the electrical impulse activity and the recording can be read more easily. Amplitude: Amount, extent, size, abundance, or fullness. Angina Pectoris: Severe constricting chest pain, often radiating from the precordiu ...
-full page
... Chronic NYHA FC III or IV symptoms Frequent hospitalizations of any cause Elderly patients or other patients with multiple ...
... Chronic NYHA FC III or IV symptoms Frequent hospitalizations of any cause Elderly patients or other patients with multiple ...
Sinus Rhythms - Beaumont Emergency Medicine
... Unstable – Cardiovert, synchronized if possible, with 50-100 J May also cardiovert electively in symptomatic, stable patients Pharmacologic cardioversion Procainamide Amiodarone Ibutilide ...
... Unstable – Cardiovert, synchronized if possible, with 50-100 J May also cardiovert electively in symptomatic, stable patients Pharmacologic cardioversion Procainamide Amiodarone Ibutilide ...
Study Guide
... protein that bonds to cuts in vessel walls and stops the loss of blood from the vessel. 11C. How does fibrinolysis occur? Fibrinolysis: The breakdown of blood clots Plasminogen (an inactive plasma enzyme that is incorporated into blood clots when they are formed) is activated to form plasmin (fibrin ...
... protein that bonds to cuts in vessel walls and stops the loss of blood from the vessel. 11C. How does fibrinolysis occur? Fibrinolysis: The breakdown of blood clots Plasminogen (an inactive plasma enzyme that is incorporated into blood clots when they are formed) is activated to form plasmin (fibrin ...
The circulatory system can either be open or closed
... animal moves, the hemolymph circulates around the organs within the body cavity, reentering the heart through openings called ostia (singular: ostium). This movement allows for gas and nutrientexchange. An open circulatory system does not use as muchenergy to operate and maintain as a closed system; ...
... animal moves, the hemolymph circulates around the organs within the body cavity, reentering the heart through openings called ostia (singular: ostium). This movement allows for gas and nutrientexchange. An open circulatory system does not use as muchenergy to operate and maintain as a closed system; ...
ALH 3205 Professor Cohen 9/02/2009 Cardiac Physiology Anatomy
... Any spontaneous electrical activity w/in a chamber is isolated in that chamber Electrical Conduction System (in a healthy heart) Origin of heart beat: SA Node (in post. Wall of RA, adjacent to where SJV & IJV enter) Has its own intrinsic rhythm of depolarizing every 8/10 of a second Respon ...
... Any spontaneous electrical activity w/in a chamber is isolated in that chamber Electrical Conduction System (in a healthy heart) Origin of heart beat: SA Node (in post. Wall of RA, adjacent to where SJV & IJV enter) Has its own intrinsic rhythm of depolarizing every 8/10 of a second Respon ...
Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Evidence suggests that reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34%, of ischaemic heart disease by 21%, and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. There are many classes of antihypertensives, which lower blood pressure by different means. Among the most important and most widely used drugs are thiazide diuretics, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs), and beta blockers.Which type of medication to use initially for hypertension has been the subject of several large studies and resulting national guidelines. The fundamental goal of treatment should be the prevention of the important endpoints of hypertension, such as heart attack, stroke and heart failure. Patient age, associated clinical conditions and end-organ damage also play a part in determining dosage and type of medication administered. The several classes of antihypertensives differ in side effect profiles, ability to prevent endpoints, and cost. The choice of more expensive agents, where cheaper ones would be equally effective, may have negative impacts on national healthcare budgets. As of 2009, the best available evidence favors the thiazide diuretics as the first-line treatment of choice for high blood pressure when drugs are necessary. Although clinical evidence shows calcium channel blockers and thiazide-type diuretics are preferred first-line treatments for most people (from both efficacy and cost points of view), an ACE inhibitor is recommended by NICE in the UK for those under 55 years old.