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... coupling this state to the state |2> with a short (faster than 1/ω and 1/g0M) laser pulse, and monitoring the resulting fluorescence2. We have simulated this process explicitly for go=0.1ω, and τSW=0.1τ. These numbers are easily achievable experimentally. The laser pulse width, τLP, is chosen to be ...
Hans G. Dehmelt - Nobel Lecture
Hans G. Dehmelt - Nobel Lecture

... something similar to a molecule, say a slippery atomon of water, to Mendeleyev’s chemist’s atom and later to electron and to proton, both particles originally assumed to be of small but finite size. With the rise of Dirac’s theory of the electron in the late twenties their size shrunk to mathematica ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University

PPT - Fernando Brandao
PPT - Fernando Brandao

The Cyclotron Note Books
The Cyclotron Note Books

... The Small Scale Structure of Space-Time It seems clear that to understand Quantum Gravity we must understand the structure of space-time at the Planck length scale. In the theory of General Relativity, space-time is described as a smooth continuous manifold. But we cannot be sure that this is correc ...
Quantum Measurements with Dynamically Bistable Systems
Quantum Measurements with Dynamically Bistable Systems

... oscillator. They lead to switching even before the control parameter reaches its bifurcational value. This is analogous to activated switching out of a potential well studied by Kramers [13]. However, in the case of an oscillator the stable states are not minima of a potential, and there is no stati ...
Phys132Q Lecture Notes
Phys132Q Lecture Notes

... repelling force would be incredible. How great? Enough to lift the Empire State Building? No! To lift Mount Everest? No! The repulsion would be enough to lift a "weight" equal to that of the entire earth! " ...
Neoclassical Theory of Electromagnetic Interactions I
Neoclassical Theory of Electromagnetic Interactions I

... scales and is con…rmed by numerous experiments. But it has a number of issues including "wave function collapse" and that it is inherently non-relativistic. Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) has "in…nities" which according to P. Dirac "are not to be tolerated". To summarize, the EM theory has serious ma ...
Phys132Q Lecture Notes - University of Connecticut
Phys132Q Lecture Notes - University of Connecticut

Complementarity in Quantum Mechanics and Classical Statistical
Complementarity in Quantum Mechanics and Classical Statistical

... experimental confirmation of these wave-particle duality for any kind of matter revealed the unity of material world. In fact, wave-particle duality is a property of matter as universal as the fact that any kind of matter is able to produce a gravitational interaction. While the state of a system in ...
Document
Document

... of a 2-level system t. In general it will also couple to DELOCALISED modes Dissipative Systems” (World Scientific, 1999) around (or even in) it. A central feature of many-body theory (and indeed quantum field theory in general) is that (i) under normal circumstances the coupling to each mode is WEAK ...
Introduction to Electric Fields
Introduction to Electric Fields

Qubit Quantum Mechanics with Correlated-photon Experiments,
Qubit Quantum Mechanics with Correlated-photon Experiments,

... quantum computing. We do not use second quantization and the photon number states19 because these concepts go beyond the scope of an undergraduate quantum mechanics course. The particle-labeling format gives the correct answers provided that when describing identical photon pairs, we use wave functi ...
Finite size effects in quantum field theory
Finite size effects in quantum field theory

Quantum theory of many − particle systems
Quantum theory of many − particle systems

Axiomatic description of mixed states from Selinger`s CPM
Axiomatic description of mixed states from Selinger`s CPM

... In [11] Selinger proposed an intriguing construction of mixed states and completely positive maps given any †-compact category representing a semantics for pure state quantum informatics in the sense of Abramsky and the author [1,2]. Conceptually speaking, in Selinger’s construction an ancillary sys ...
Quantum spin liquids
Quantum spin liquids

Codes and designs for quantum error correction
Codes and designs for quantum error correction

Studies of effective theories beyond the Standard Model
Studies of effective theories beyond the Standard Model

... is naturally no longer viable for any physicist. The experiments have developed from table-top designs constructed by a single scientist to huge apparatuses built and governed by collaborations of hundreds of physicists contained in enormous cavities. Experiments are not confined to the Earth but se ...
Inconsistency in Classical Electrodynamics
Inconsistency in Classical Electrodynamics

Berry curvature, orbital moment, and effective quantum theory of
Berry curvature, orbital moment, and effective quantum theory of

Lectures on Electric-Magnetic Duality and the Geometric
Lectures on Electric-Magnetic Duality and the Geometric

... The Langlands Program is a far-reaching collection of theorems and conjectures about representations of the absolute Galois group of certain fields. For a recent accessible review see [1]. V. Drinfeld and G. Laumon [2] introduced a geometric analogue which deals with representations of the fundament ...
Document
Document

... An element can also absorb light at specific wavelengths An absorption spectrum can be obtained by passing a continuous radiation spectrum through a vapor of the gas The absorption spectrum consists of a series of dark lines superimposed on the otherwise continuous spectrum ...
This article was downloaded by:[Michigan State University Libraries]
This article was downloaded by:[Michigan State University Libraries]

... Once having established that the character of electroweak symmetry breaking is a compelling issue, we will consider where the crucial information should be found. The electroweak theory itself points to the energy scale around 1 TeV, or 1012 eV, and other considerations also single out the 1 TeV sca ...
Polarization - Purdue Physics
Polarization - Purdue Physics

... Positive atomic cores and mobile-electron sea ...
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History of quantum field theory

In particle physics, the history of quantum field theory starts with its creation by Paul Dirac, when he attempted to quantize the electromagnetic field in the late 1920s. Major advances in the theory were made in the 1950s, and led to the introduction of quantum electrodynamics (QED). QED was so successful and ""natural"" that efforts were made to use the same basic concepts for the other forces of nature. These efforts were successful in the application of gauge theory to the strong nuclear force and weak nuclear force, producing the modern standard model of particle physics. Efforts to describe gravity using the same techniques have, to date, failed. The study of quantum field theory is alive and flourishing, as are applications of this method to many physical problems. It remains one of the most vital areas of theoretical physics today, providing a common language to many branches of physics.
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