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ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS WITH CLIO 11
ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS WITH CLIO 11

... under test. In case of Linear and Time Invariant systems (LTI) the impulse response can be transformed in its dual: the complex frequency response. It should be noted that while the MLS signal has a white spectrum, the LogChirp has a pink one. This property of the LogChirp could be very useful in or ...
High-Speed, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail
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... is possible as compared to a single-ended amplifier under the same conditions. This increase in attainable output power assumes that the amplifier is not current limited or clipped. In order to choose an amplifier’s closed-loop gain without causing excessive clipping which will damage high frequency ...
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... significant bit set to a logic 0. The command byte is sent after the address and determines which register will be accessed. After a restart, the device address is sent again, but this time the least significant bit is set to a logic 1. Data from the register defined by the command byte will then be ...
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Impedance_Matching
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... noise match to be used as an LNA.) With the addition of a small amount of source inductance, however, a noise match provides a reasonable input match. Low noise amplifier design principles are covered in application notes AN-G004 and AN-G001.4,5 A good start for the output matching network is to mer ...
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... in addition to a 10 MΩ input impedance for easy clamping and lower DAC output power requirements. When not in use, the ADA44330-1 can be shutdown to draw less than 1 μA of supply current using the power-down pin, (PD). Additionally, the ADA4430-1 is unique in that it is a high order filter that fits ...
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... It is generally necessary to control terminating impedances of RF signal paths, especially in wideband applications where path lengths are not negligible relative to wavelength. Wideband RF transformers are wound using twisted wires which behave as transmission lines, and the required coupling occur ...
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... yellow and green LEDs will be on. 4. Input the maximum desired frequency and press the CAL button to store. The yellow LED will now be the only LED on. 5. Input the minimum desired frequency and press the CAL button to store. The green and red LEDs will now be on. Note: The most reliable way to inpu ...
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... of a SMPS. This method requires some prior conditions to be fulfilled. For example, the impedances of the inserted components must be much larger or smaller than the noise source impedances [14] [15]. Hence, the accuracy deteriorates if these conditions are not met. Moreover, it only provides the ma ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... Sdc = the mode conversion that occurs when the device is excited with common mode signal and the differential signal is measured, and Scd = the mode conversion that occurs when the device is excited with a differential- mode signal and the common mode response is measured. To convert from single-end ...
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... Sensing of the variation in the bioimpedance across a body segment can be used for noninvasive monitoring of the changes in the fluid volume or underlying physiological events [1]-[10]. Impedance glottography (also known as electroglottography or laryngography) senses the variation in the impedance ...
Circuit models for a..
Circuit models for a..

... The two most important amplifier circuit models explicitly use the open-circuit voltage gain Avo : ...
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Scattering parameters

Scattering parameters or S-parameters (the elements of a scattering matrix or S-matrix) describe the electrical behavior of linear electrical networks when undergoing various steady state stimuli by electrical signals.The parameters are useful for electrical engineering, electronics engineering, and communication systems design, and especially for microwave engineering.The S-parameters are members of a family of similar parameters, other examples being: Y-parameters, Z-parameters, H-parameters, T-parameters or ABCD-parameters. They differ from these, in the sense that S-parameters do not use open or short circuit conditions to characterize a linear electrical network; instead, matched loads are used. These terminations are much easier to use at high signal frequencies than open-circuit and short-circuit terminations. Moreover, the quantities are measured in terms of power.Many electrical properties of networks of components (inductors, capacitors, resistors) may be expressed using S-parameters, such as gain, return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), reflection coefficient and amplifier stability. The term 'scattering' is more common to optical engineering than RF engineering, referring to the effect observed when a plane electromagnetic wave is incident on an obstruction or passes across dissimilar dielectric media. In the context of S-parameters, scattering refers to the way in which the traveling currents and voltages in a transmission line are affected when they meet a discontinuity caused by the insertion of a network into the transmission line. This is equivalent to the wave meeting an impedance differing from the line's characteristic impedance.Although applicable at any frequency, S-parameters are mostly used for networks operating at radio frequency (RF) and microwave frequencies where signal power and energy considerations are more easily quantified than currents and voltages. S-parameters change with the measurement frequency, so frequency must be specified for any S-parameter measurements stated, in addition to the characteristic impedance or system impedance.S-parameters are readily represented in matrix form and obey the rules of matrix algebra.
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