Viral Hepatitis_HIV
... HIV, the etiologjcal agent of AIDS, belongs to the lentivirus subgroup of the family Retroviridae. Structure. HIV is a spherical enveloped virus, about 90-120 nm in size. The nucleocapsid has an outer icosaedral shell and an inner coneshaped core, enclosing the ribonucleoproteins. The genome is dip ...
... HIV, the etiologjcal agent of AIDS, belongs to the lentivirus subgroup of the family Retroviridae. Structure. HIV is a spherical enveloped virus, about 90-120 nm in size. The nucleocapsid has an outer icosaedral shell and an inner coneshaped core, enclosing the ribonucleoproteins. The genome is dip ...
Diseases of the Immune System lec.3
... (1) an early acute phase, (2) a middle chronic phase, and (3) a final crisis phase The acute phase represents the initial response of an immunocompetent adult to HIV infection. Clinically, this phase typically manifests as a self-limited illness that develops in 50% to 70% of affected persons 3 to 6 ...
... (1) an early acute phase, (2) a middle chronic phase, and (3) a final crisis phase The acute phase represents the initial response of an immunocompetent adult to HIV infection. Clinically, this phase typically manifests as a self-limited illness that develops in 50% to 70% of affected persons 3 to 6 ...
Fungi
... Candidiasis • bacterial microbiota (genitourinary tract and mouth) usually suppress infection • not affected by antibacterial drugs • changes in normal mucosal pH encourage growth (antibiotic therapy) • Readings question #1: What microorganisms cause candidiasis? How may this infection appear in in ...
... Candidiasis • bacterial microbiota (genitourinary tract and mouth) usually suppress infection • not affected by antibacterial drugs • changes in normal mucosal pH encourage growth (antibiotic therapy) • Readings question #1: What microorganisms cause candidiasis? How may this infection appear in in ...
The RNA Viruses of Medical Importance
... testing, no longer a serious risk inapparent or unknown risk – 9% (due to denial, death, unavailability) congenital or neonatal – can be reduced with antiviral drugs medical & dental personnel – 1/500 needlestick ...
... testing, no longer a serious risk inapparent or unknown risk – 9% (due to denial, death, unavailability) congenital or neonatal – can be reduced with antiviral drugs medical & dental personnel – 1/500 needlestick ...
The isolation and molecular identification of avian influenza virus
... .These chickens suffered from respiratory and digestive infection or drop in egg production . Embryonated chicken eggs 9-11 days old were used for virus isolation and propagation. Allantoic sac was used for both isolation and propagation of AIV .The virus was detected in the harvested fluid after 72 ...
... .These chickens suffered from respiratory and digestive infection or drop in egg production . Embryonated chicken eggs 9-11 days old were used for virus isolation and propagation. Allantoic sac was used for both isolation and propagation of AIV .The virus was detected in the harvested fluid after 72 ...
pathogen_Racaniello
... • Endemic in the Caribbean, Central and South America, Africa and Southeast Asia • 50 million infections/year • Primary infection is usually asymptomatic, but may result in standard symptoms of virus infection: acute febrile illness with severe headache, back and limb pain and rash. Severe aches and ...
... • Endemic in the Caribbean, Central and South America, Africa and Southeast Asia • 50 million infections/year • Primary infection is usually asymptomatic, but may result in standard symptoms of virus infection: acute febrile illness with severe headache, back and limb pain and rash. Severe aches and ...
Human Herpesviruses
... Means of spread: saliva (kissing disease) Limited host range and tissue tropism: receptor for C3d component of the complement system (CR2 or CD21) which is expressed on B cells of humans and some epitelial cells of oro- and nasopharynx. ...
... Means of spread: saliva (kissing disease) Limited host range and tissue tropism: receptor for C3d component of the complement system (CR2 or CD21) which is expressed on B cells of humans and some epitelial cells of oro- and nasopharynx. ...
chapter 7 - Lange Textbooks
... 2. Viruses are transmitted via horizontal (common routes) and vertical (mother-tochild) transmission Viruses can also be transmitted to humans by animal or insect bites 3. After entry viruses have incubation periods (the time between exposure to the organism and appearance of the first symptoms) whi ...
... 2. Viruses are transmitted via horizontal (common routes) and vertical (mother-tochild) transmission Viruses can also be transmitted to humans by animal or insect bites 3. After entry viruses have incubation periods (the time between exposure to the organism and appearance of the first symptoms) whi ...
Viruses - Farmasi Unand
... Median latency period - 10 yrs. No signs or symptoms of illness (asymptomatic) HIV Positive - antibodies can be detected in your blood Seroconversion ...
... Median latency period - 10 yrs. No signs or symptoms of illness (asymptomatic) HIV Positive - antibodies can be detected in your blood Seroconversion ...
A giant fullerene system inhibits the infection by an artificial
... and has the shape of a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a football ball. These molecules decorated with specific carbohydrates (sugars) present affinity by the receptor used as an entry point to infect the cell and act blocking it, thus inhibiting the infection. Researchers employed an artific ...
... and has the shape of a truncated icosahedron, which resembles a football ball. These molecules decorated with specific carbohydrates (sugars) present affinity by the receptor used as an entry point to infect the cell and act blocking it, thus inhibiting the infection. Researchers employed an artific ...
DOC - Stonetrust
... and almost certain death. It is a bigger threat than AIDS because it is a more common blood borne disease. Hepatitis B is not the type of hepatitis associated with food handling. If you are infected with HBV: You may feel like you have the flu; You may be so sick that you must be hospitalized; Your ...
... and almost certain death. It is a bigger threat than AIDS because it is a more common blood borne disease. Hepatitis B is not the type of hepatitis associated with food handling. If you are infected with HBV: You may feel like you have the flu; You may be so sick that you must be hospitalized; Your ...
HERPESVIRIDAE
... • Viruses grow in susceptible hosts eg cells, eggs or animals • Viruses utilise the host cells and its enzymes to make several hundred particles overnight. • Certain viruses have their own enzymes because they undergo steps which the host cell does not, eg RNA to RNA • All viruses must attach to hos ...
... • Viruses grow in susceptible hosts eg cells, eggs or animals • Viruses utilise the host cells and its enzymes to make several hundred particles overnight. • Certain viruses have their own enzymes because they undergo steps which the host cell does not, eg RNA to RNA • All viruses must attach to hos ...
Science Media Centre Fact Sheet Schmallenberg virus
... The SBV can be identified using several methods, some based on its genetic sequence and some based on its specific interactions with antibodies, however the virus is detectable in the blood of infected animals for only a very short period (4-6 days post infection), making identification in live anim ...
... The SBV can be identified using several methods, some based on its genetic sequence and some based on its specific interactions with antibodies, however the virus is detectable in the blood of infected animals for only a very short period (4-6 days post infection), making identification in live anim ...
Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology
... Our major objective is to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying development of gastric carcinoma triggered by infection with Helicobacter pylori. Based on the results obtained from these studies, we are also developing new strategies for prevention and treatment of infection/inflammation-associa ...
... Our major objective is to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying development of gastric carcinoma triggered by infection with Helicobacter pylori. Based on the results obtained from these studies, we are also developing new strategies for prevention and treatment of infection/inflammation-associa ...
Communicable Diseases final
... Contact Transmission: Direct, Indirect and droplet contact Vehicle/ Route: Food, Water, Drugs, blood and body fluids Airborne Transmission: Occurs when aerosolized microbial particles, dust or vapor which contains the organisms remains suspended in the air for prolonged period and spreads widely by ...
... Contact Transmission: Direct, Indirect and droplet contact Vehicle/ Route: Food, Water, Drugs, blood and body fluids Airborne Transmission: Occurs when aerosolized microbial particles, dust or vapor which contains the organisms remains suspended in the air for prolonged period and spreads widely by ...
Herpes B Virus Information for Labs Handling Non
... and cynomolgus monkeys, any of which can harbor latent B virus infection and appear to be natural hosts for the virus. Monkeys infected with B virus usually have no or only mild symptoms, but in humans the infection can be fatal. Most commonly, transmission of B virus infection occurs by animal bite ...
... and cynomolgus monkeys, any of which can harbor latent B virus infection and appear to be natural hosts for the virus. Monkeys infected with B virus usually have no or only mild symptoms, but in humans the infection can be fatal. Most commonly, transmission of B virus infection occurs by animal bite ...
... predicting variable was prolonged surgery. 69 patients with infection of surgical were detected yielding a 0,43 incidence of infection per 100 patients; surgery is the second cause of nosocomial infection in our institution accounting for 19,2 % of cases. Bacterial isolation of germs was obtained in ...
VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS (ALSO KNOWN AS HERPES ZOSTER
... This virus is found worldwide and is found in the saliva of the majority of adults (>90%). It infects almost all children by the age of two and the infection is life-long. Again, it replicates in B and T lymphocytes, megakaryocytes, glioblastoma cell and in the oropharynx. It can set up a latent inf ...
... This virus is found worldwide and is found in the saliva of the majority of adults (>90%). It infects almost all children by the age of two and the infection is life-long. Again, it replicates in B and T lymphocytes, megakaryocytes, glioblastoma cell and in the oropharynx. It can set up a latent inf ...
PowerPoint
... or handle contact lenses where there is likelihood of exposure • Don’t keep food and drink in refrigerators, shelves or on surfaces where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present ...
... or handle contact lenses where there is likelihood of exposure • Don’t keep food and drink in refrigerators, shelves or on surfaces where blood or other potentially infectious materials are present ...
Bacterial keratitis
... _ treatment: aimed to prevent keratitis with acyclovir eye ointment 5 times a day for 5 wks. EP. Keratitis : Presentation : at any age with mild discomfort ………….. Blurring of vision Sings: In chronological order _ Opaque ep. cells. _central degeneration usual in dendrite ulcer , end of branches show ...
... _ treatment: aimed to prevent keratitis with acyclovir eye ointment 5 times a day for 5 wks. EP. Keratitis : Presentation : at any age with mild discomfort ………….. Blurring of vision Sings: In chronological order _ Opaque ep. cells. _central degeneration usual in dendrite ulcer , end of branches show ...
(HFMD). - Megamas
... person by direct contact with infectious virus. Infectious virus is found in the nose and throat secretions, saliva, blister fluid, and stool of infected persons. The virus is most often spread by persons with unwashed, viruscontaminated hands and by contact with virus-contaminated surfaces. Both ...
... person by direct contact with infectious virus. Infectious virus is found in the nose and throat secretions, saliva, blister fluid, and stool of infected persons. The virus is most often spread by persons with unwashed, viruscontaminated hands and by contact with virus-contaminated surfaces. Both ...
CBT621-EMT11: Infectious Disease
... Caused by the influenza virus which attacks the respiratory system. Occurs seasonally from November to April in the northern hemisphere. The structure of the virus changes slightly but frequently over time; this accounts for the appearance of different strains each ...
... Caused by the influenza virus which attacks the respiratory system. Occurs seasonally from November to April in the northern hemisphere. The structure of the virus changes slightly but frequently over time; this accounts for the appearance of different strains each ...
File
... Preferred terminology over sexually transmitted disease (STD) because often there are no symptoms Primary pathogens: viruses and bacteria ...
... Preferred terminology over sexually transmitted disease (STD) because often there are no symptoms Primary pathogens: viruses and bacteria ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.