• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Revision: The process of inflammation
Revision: The process of inflammation

... out of the blood vessels into the infected tissue. The white blood cells fight the invading pathogens by producing molecules that also cause inflammation, so the tissue is damaged further. It becomes swollen, painful and red — inflamed. If the infection is not cleared, the inflammation escalates and ...
Canine Distemper - Woodvale Park Veterinary Hospital
Canine Distemper - Woodvale Park Veterinary Hospital

... • Fever—first fever occurs 3–6 days after infection, may go undetected; second fever several days later (and intermittent thereafter), usually associated with discharge from the nose and eyes, depression, and lack of appetite (known as ―anorexia‖) • Gastrointestinal and/or respiratory signs follow, ...
school letter
school letter

... condition, but you may not be aware of other children who may carry bloodborne infections, not just hepatitis [B or C]. Mr. and Mrs. Smith wish to convey to you their desire to keep the lines of communication open and fully cooperate with the [ABC] School and its staff regarding this situation. Mrs. ...
Messenger Post Newspaper HEALTH AND WELLNESS Senior
Messenger Post Newspaper HEALTH AND WELLNESS Senior

... and overtake any remaining, weaker bacteria. This infection usually begins with severe diarrhea, due to a toxin that the C. diff bacteria forms, and can develop into life-threatening colon inflammation. Though people of any age are susceptible to the infection, it affects a significant number of sen ...
AntiDepressants_LeighKlaus
AntiDepressants_LeighKlaus

... Inhibit reverse transcriptase Stops any viral integration into host cells Targets functional HIV viral proteins Viral exit form host cell is stopped ...
File S1.
File S1.

... In i, the risks of infection per susceptible person in age group i, the ai are average numbers of contacts per person per day, the i are probabilities of infection upon contact with infectious people, the cij are proportions of their contacts that members of group i have with members of group j, a ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections Sexually Transmitted
Sexually Transmitted Diseases/Infections Sexually Transmitted

... (PID), which damages reproductive organs and cause sterility. Some STDs can be passed from an infected female to her child before, during or after birth. STDs can damage the bones, nervous system, and brain of a fetus. Infants infected with STDs at delivery may become blind, develop pneumonia and ev ...
Adult Feline Wellness Package - 1 Dog Cat Animal Hospital in
Adult Feline Wellness Package - 1 Dog Cat Animal Hospital in

... (including checking for basic kidneys, liver, electrolytes, diabetes, infection in the blood, anemia, platelet count) 3. FIV / FeLV Testing (common infectious viruses that cats can carry and their life expectancy can be affected by) 4. Heart-Worm Testing (annual screening for a life-threatening para ...
Airgas template
Airgas template

Vaccines and Antiviral Agents
Vaccines and Antiviral Agents

HERPESVIRIDAE
HERPESVIRIDAE

... Classification of viral families presence or absence of an envelope (tested by ether sensitivity), capsid symmetry size and shape of particle, RNA or DNA, and now their sequence, The number and polarity (sense) of strands of nucleic acid. enzymes ...
upper respiratory tract infections
upper respiratory tract infections

... general limitations: cannot be used in acute and quickly progressing infections (specific immunity occurs after 1-3 weeks) not reliable in local infections (e.g. on mucosal surface only) fail in immunocompromised persons ...
Principles of Infection
Principles of Infection

... spotted fever and typhus fever. – Antibiotics are effective against many different rickettsiae. ...
Lipoteichoic acid contaminant
Lipoteichoic acid contaminant

... Different ‘strains’ or individuals of a species express antigenically distinct forms of surface molecules: e.g. bacterial serotypes During replication, mutations in genes that encode surface proteins result in new forms of the surface proteins ‘antigenic shift’ or ‘antigen drift’: e. g. viruses such ...
Activity 2: An introduction to vaccines
Activity 2: An introduction to vaccines

Model of Wild Type (3A) Picornovirus Infection The Secretory
Model of Wild Type (3A) Picornovirus Infection The Secretory

... Acute respiratory illnesses (colds), hepatitis, poliomyelitis, and livestock diseases are caused by members of the viral family Picornaviridae. The common cold is the most prevalent infectious disease in humans and results in major economic impact through loss of productivity and strain on healthcar ...
Feline Calicivirus
Feline Calicivirus

Antiviral Drugs. Treatment of Selected Canine and Feline Viral
Antiviral Drugs. Treatment of Selected Canine and Feline Viral

... Canine distemper virus spreads by aerosolization to the epithelium of the upper respiratory tract. Multiplication in tissue macrophages leads to spread to tonsils, bronchial lymph nodes and to lymphatic tissues of the GIT, liver etc. Additional spread generally is hematogenous. Leukopenia character ...
Certificate course of Infection Prevention and Control for Infection
Certificate course of Infection Prevention and Control for Infection

... Institute of Higher Education, 18 Chui Ling Road, Tseung Kwan O, New Territories ...
Infection Control in Hospitals
Infection Control in Hospitals

... Modes of Infection Transmission • Direct contact – bacteria or viruses are transmitted through direct contact between infected person (host) and susceptible person. ...
Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area. Clinical
Rapid spread of emerging Zika virus in the Pacific area. Clinical

... subtropics, and Aedes albopictus, which is established in many parts of Europe, especially in Mediterranean countries. In FP, Aedes polynesiensis is also suspected to contribute to ZIKV transmission. Non-vector borne ZIKV transmission through sexual intercourse [8] and perinatal transmission [4] has ...
Gene Delivery Course - University of Pittsburgh
Gene Delivery Course - University of Pittsburgh

... • Innate immune response to virus o Interferons (IFN) o Viral components and their Sensors o TLR, RLR, NLRs • Innate Immune evasion strategies of viruses ...
Prescott`s Microbiology, 9th Edition 38 Human Diseases Caused by
Prescott`s Microbiology, 9th Edition 38 Human Diseases Caused by

... made by serological tests 4. EBV is also associated with Burkitt’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in certain parts of the world Viral hepatitides 1. Hepatitis is any inflammation of the liver; currently 11 viruses are recognized as causing hepatitis; some have not been well characterized 2. H ...
How Microorganisms Cause Disease - Pandem-Sim
How Microorganisms Cause Disease - Pandem-Sim

... disease​—a condition in which the body cannot function normally due to infection by a pathogenic agent, genetic condition, nutritional deficiency, or an illness of an affected body organ. endotoxin​—poisons that are part of the bacterial cell wall that are released when the bacteria adheres to a ho ...
Sexually Transmitted diseases
Sexually Transmitted diseases

... cause sterility. • Some STDs can be passed from an infected female to her child before, during or after birth. STDs can damage the bones, nervous system, and brain of a fetus. Infants infected with STDs at delivery may become blind, develop pneumonia and even die. ...
< 1 ... 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 ... 679 >

Hepatitis B



Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report