Group A Streptococcal infections - Derby Hospitals NHS Foundation
... off the infection is reduced because of long term illness or an illness that affects the immune system. Also, some types of GAS are thought to be more likely to cause severe infections than others. ...
... off the infection is reduced because of long term illness or an illness that affects the immune system. Also, some types of GAS are thought to be more likely to cause severe infections than others. ...
Chapter 4 Infectious Diseases
... epidemics in children less that 5 years of age Painful vesicles and ulcers anywhere in mouth Lesions resolve spontaneously within 2 weeks ...
... epidemics in children less that 5 years of age Painful vesicles and ulcers anywhere in mouth Lesions resolve spontaneously within 2 weeks ...
West Nile Facts - Wheeling
... Most people who get West Nile virus infection never have any symptoms at all. A few people have mild symptoms, such as fever, headache, and body aches. These people recover without any treatment. A few people with West Nile virus infection are sick enough to go to the hospital. These people have a m ...
... Most people who get West Nile virus infection never have any symptoms at all. A few people have mild symptoms, such as fever, headache, and body aches. These people recover without any treatment. A few people with West Nile virus infection are sick enough to go to the hospital. These people have a m ...
Reducing the Risk of STDs and HIV
... Feeling of pressure in the abdominal area. Clusters of small, painful blisters that may develop into open sores…in the genital area. Symptoms disappear after a few weeks. Outbreaks will recur throughout an infected person’s life. ...
... Feeling of pressure in the abdominal area. Clusters of small, painful blisters that may develop into open sores…in the genital area. Symptoms disappear after a few weeks. Outbreaks will recur throughout an infected person’s life. ...
Introduction to Virology I All living things survive in a sea of viruses
... that infect us have little or no impact on our health or well being We exist because we have a defense system that evolved to fight infections If our immune system is down (e.g. AIDS, organ transplants), even the most common viral infection can be lethal most common viral infection can be lethal. ...
... that infect us have little or no impact on our health or well being We exist because we have a defense system that evolved to fight infections If our immune system is down (e.g. AIDS, organ transplants), even the most common viral infection can be lethal most common viral infection can be lethal. ...
EXISTING
... (MHC) structure, function and gene organization; Structure of BCR and TCR; Antigen processing and presentation; Complement system: activation pathways and biological consequences; Cytokines: general properties, major types and function; Hypersensitivity: classification and mechanism of induction; Au ...
... (MHC) structure, function and gene organization; Structure of BCR and TCR; Antigen processing and presentation; Complement system: activation pathways and biological consequences; Cytokines: general properties, major types and function; Hypersensitivity: classification and mechanism of induction; Au ...
cytokine storm
... points to the need for strengthening available treatment options, including therapy that targets the host immune response. Anti-inflammatory agents that dampen the cytokine responses during influenza infection have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality . There are a number of anti-inflammat ...
... points to the need for strengthening available treatment options, including therapy that targets the host immune response. Anti-inflammatory agents that dampen the cytokine responses during influenza infection have been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality . There are a number of anti-inflammat ...
Review for Final exam
... 5. Non painful chancre - Primary syphilis 6. Gummas - tertiary syphilis 7. Erythema migrans, Bull's eye rash - Lyme disease 8. buboes - plague 9. rice watery stools - Cholera 10. Flaccid paralysis - botulism 11. Grayish pseudomembrane on throat - Diphtheria 12. Ghon complexes - Tuberculosis ...
... 5. Non painful chancre - Primary syphilis 6. Gummas - tertiary syphilis 7. Erythema migrans, Bull's eye rash - Lyme disease 8. buboes - plague 9. rice watery stools - Cholera 10. Flaccid paralysis - botulism 11. Grayish pseudomembrane on throat - Diphtheria 12. Ghon complexes - Tuberculosis ...
Viruses - mrvigs122
... viruses DO NOT have all the characteristics of life and are not considered to be organisms Viruses are insidious pathogens that attack cells form the inside, hijack the DNA and use it against the host A virus cannot be treated with antibiotics and can only run its course until the immune system kick ...
... viruses DO NOT have all the characteristics of life and are not considered to be organisms Viruses are insidious pathogens that attack cells form the inside, hijack the DNA and use it against the host A virus cannot be treated with antibiotics and can only run its course until the immune system kick ...
BloodbornPathogenTraining2013
... Plan in the main office of that facility. All employees are expected to know the location of the Exposure Control Plan for their building and be familiar with the purpose and contents. • For your convenience and to provide a more effective program, blood-borne pathogens training is now available ele ...
... Plan in the main office of that facility. All employees are expected to know the location of the Exposure Control Plan for their building and be familiar with the purpose and contents. • For your convenience and to provide a more effective program, blood-borne pathogens training is now available ele ...
Immunopathology 2
... Rheumatoid Arthritis • Chronic inflammatory disease of joint synovium • Presence of Rheumatoid factor – antibody to Fc of IgG usually of IgM class – form immune complexes but rarely result in glomerulonephritis ...
... Rheumatoid Arthritis • Chronic inflammatory disease of joint synovium • Presence of Rheumatoid factor – antibody to Fc of IgG usually of IgM class – form immune complexes but rarely result in glomerulonephritis ...
Document
... the incidence of measles • Live attenuated vaccine is given to all children at 2 years of age, in combination with mumps and rubella (MMR vaccine) and the varicella vaccines • Exposed susceptible people who are immunocompromised should be given immune globulin to lessen the risk and severity of clin ...
... the incidence of measles • Live attenuated vaccine is given to all children at 2 years of age, in combination with mumps and rubella (MMR vaccine) and the varicella vaccines • Exposed susceptible people who are immunocompromised should be given immune globulin to lessen the risk and severity of clin ...
What Viruses Are
... • If the mutation is harmful, the new virus particle might no longer be functional (infectious) • However, because a given virus can generate many, many copies, a small number of non-functional viruses is not important • Mutation is not necessarily damaging to the virus -it can lead to a functional ...
... • If the mutation is harmful, the new virus particle might no longer be functional (infectious) • However, because a given virus can generate many, many copies, a small number of non-functional viruses is not important • Mutation is not necessarily damaging to the virus -it can lead to a functional ...
Salmonella Infections
... addition, it may also be necessary to screen other members of the household or workplace, particularly if they work in high-risk occupations, to determine the existence of other cases and the scale of a possible outbreak. Control and prevention of further case Con firmed cases and carriers of Salmon ...
... addition, it may also be necessary to screen other members of the household or workplace, particularly if they work in high-risk occupations, to determine the existence of other cases and the scale of a possible outbreak. Control and prevention of further case Con firmed cases and carriers of Salmon ...
Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease
... The Division has current research collaborations with specialists in behavioral health to address risk behaviors in HIV infected youth. Effective prenatal screening for HIV along with perinatal HIV prophylaxis has nearly eliminated perinatal HIV transmission. Unfortunately, these gains have not tran ...
... The Division has current research collaborations with specialists in behavioral health to address risk behaviors in HIV infected youth. Effective prenatal screening for HIV along with perinatal HIV prophylaxis has nearly eliminated perinatal HIV transmission. Unfortunately, these gains have not tran ...
Policy Statement Disclaimer - Leeds Community Healthcare
... guidance are based on evidence based practice and include advice on infection prevention and control practice and specific guidance about communicable and infectious diseases. Good practice would be to have a designated person responsible for infection control in each premise and ensures all staff a ...
... guidance are based on evidence based practice and include advice on infection prevention and control practice and specific guidance about communicable and infectious diseases. Good practice would be to have a designated person responsible for infection control in each premise and ensures all staff a ...
Obstetric and perinatal infections2012
... mothers become infected and then carry the virus. This is preventable by giving the vaccine plus specific immunoglobulin to the newborn. Hepatitis C, in contrast, is not usually transmitted in this way, and <5% of children with carrier mothers are infected. Human milk may contain rubella virus, CMV, ...
... mothers become infected and then carry the virus. This is preventable by giving the vaccine plus specific immunoglobulin to the newborn. Hepatitis C, in contrast, is not usually transmitted in this way, and <5% of children with carrier mothers are infected. Human milk may contain rubella virus, CMV, ...
Infection Control PowerPoint
... Factors for Growth of Microorganisms Most prefer warm, moist or wet, dark environment i.e. the human body Oxygen needs vary anaerobic no oxygen aerobic needs oxygen ...
... Factors for Growth of Microorganisms Most prefer warm, moist or wet, dark environment i.e. the human body Oxygen needs vary anaerobic no oxygen aerobic needs oxygen ...
Immune Memory and Vaccines
... produces antibodies to trigger a quick secondary response) – Naturally acquired active immunity: example— common cold viruses – “Artificially” acquired active immunity: Vaccines… *Passive immunity: Antibodies come from outside source—body does not produce them from activated B-cells. Source can be “ ...
... produces antibodies to trigger a quick secondary response) – Naturally acquired active immunity: example— common cold viruses – “Artificially” acquired active immunity: Vaccines… *Passive immunity: Antibodies come from outside source—body does not produce them from activated B-cells. Source can be “ ...
STRUCTURE TYPES OF INFECTIONS DNA or RNA Protein coat
... will trigger and ‘wake up’the "sleeping" viral DNA Some viruses can "sleep" inside the genetic instructions of the host cells for years before reproducing The virus’ DNA will then take over the host's enzymes and make new viruses ...
... will trigger and ‘wake up’the "sleeping" viral DNA Some viruses can "sleep" inside the genetic instructions of the host cells for years before reproducing The virus’ DNA will then take over the host's enzymes and make new viruses ...
Hepatitis C Positive Mothers and their Babies
... infected blood or blood products o through transfusion of infected blood or blood products in Australia before 1990 • Around 75 per cent of people exposed to Hepatitis C develop chronic infection, defined as the presence of the Hepatitis C virus in the bloodstream for longer than six months. The rem ...
... infected blood or blood products o through transfusion of infected blood or blood products in Australia before 1990 • Around 75 per cent of people exposed to Hepatitis C develop chronic infection, defined as the presence of the Hepatitis C virus in the bloodstream for longer than six months. The rem ...
Infectious Disease Summary
... Note that epidemics can arise from behaviour as well as from traditional infectious sources. April 3, 2008 ...
... Note that epidemics can arise from behaviour as well as from traditional infectious sources. April 3, 2008 ...
Q 1 Define nephritoc syndrome. Enumerate its common causes and
... 2 treatment of underlying diseasesMinimal change disease is usually steroid responsive. It is treated by prednisolone 40 mg/day for 4 weeks and then 35 mg/day for alternate days for another 4 weeks . other drugs likecyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil can be given in unresponsive c ...
... 2 treatment of underlying diseasesMinimal change disease is usually steroid responsive. It is treated by prednisolone 40 mg/day for 4 weeks and then 35 mg/day for alternate days for another 4 weeks . other drugs likecyclophosphamide, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil can be given in unresponsive c ...
Viruses - Hodder Education
... and a human red blood cell, 10 000 nm diameter, surface membrane 10 nm thick ...
... and a human red blood cell, 10 000 nm diameter, surface membrane 10 nm thick ...
Lyme Disease
... HEV only: 40% mortality in pregnancy HAV only: Inactivated vaccine available. Immune‐globulin can also be used for prevention. ...
... HEV only: 40% mortality in pregnancy HAV only: Inactivated vaccine available. Immune‐globulin can also be used for prevention. ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.