Time to Travel? or living in a hub country?
... body fluids (i.e. semen and vaginal fluid) of an infected person. • Injecting drug use. • HBV is a major infectious occupational hazard of health workers (HBV is not spread by contaminated food or water, and cannot be spread casually in the workplace.) ...
... body fluids (i.e. semen and vaginal fluid) of an infected person. • Injecting drug use. • HBV is a major infectious occupational hazard of health workers (HBV is not spread by contaminated food or water, and cannot be spread casually in the workplace.) ...
Evolution in action: the HIV virus
... Why? Because of the rapid evolutionary response of the HIV virus to a very strong selective agent - AZT. - the HIV virus evolves a reverse transcriptase (RT) that has a dramatically lower affinity for the base analog AZT. - the location of these mutations can be mapped right onto the active site of ...
... Why? Because of the rapid evolutionary response of the HIV virus to a very strong selective agent - AZT. - the HIV virus evolves a reverse transcriptase (RT) that has a dramatically lower affinity for the base analog AZT. - the location of these mutations can be mapped right onto the active site of ...
Exam#3
... The viruses that infect vertebrates have (RNA, DNA, either RNA or DNA, protein only) as their genetic material. They often are “cloaked” in an envelope made of (phospholipids, capsomeres, either RNA or DNA, peptidoglycan) that was taken from their host. Many are icosohedral, such as parvovirus, whil ...
... The viruses that infect vertebrates have (RNA, DNA, either RNA or DNA, protein only) as their genetic material. They often are “cloaked” in an envelope made of (phospholipids, capsomeres, either RNA or DNA, peptidoglycan) that was taken from their host. Many are icosohedral, such as parvovirus, whil ...
Adolescents Hepatitis C Overview
... issues and consequent blood panels reflect elevated enzymes • End stage liver disease has occurred and symptoms present • Through promotion of HCV screening and testing based on risk behaviors or birth cohort ...
... issues and consequent blood panels reflect elevated enzymes • End stage liver disease has occurred and symptoms present • Through promotion of HCV screening and testing based on risk behaviors or birth cohort ...
STD ppt - Metropolitan Community College
... Complications: cervical cancer and need for c-sections ...
... Complications: cervical cancer and need for c-sections ...
supp-MBBS 301-A
... 2. Please tick (√) correct one only. Cutting, overwriting or any other marking are not allowed. 3. For answering please use Ball- pen only. Q.1 ...
... 2. Please tick (√) correct one only. Cutting, overwriting or any other marking are not allowed. 3. For answering please use Ball- pen only. Q.1 ...
Serological Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
... Organism is very fragile, destroyed rapidly by heat, cold and drying. Sexual transmission most common, occurs when abraded skin or mucous membranes come in contact with open lesion. Can be transmitted to fetus. Rare transmission from needle stick and blood transfusion. ...
... Organism is very fragile, destroyed rapidly by heat, cold and drying. Sexual transmission most common, occurs when abraded skin or mucous membranes come in contact with open lesion. Can be transmitted to fetus. Rare transmission from needle stick and blood transfusion. ...
Section 18.1: Viruses
... • Because the infected cells are still able to function normally, an infected person may not appear sick, but they can still transmit the virus in their body fluids. ...
... • Because the infected cells are still able to function normally, an infected person may not appear sick, but they can still transmit the virus in their body fluids. ...
The Immune System day Day 2
... Is a bacterium responsible for several difficultto-treat infections in humans. MRSA is any strain that has evolved resistance to antibiotics, which include the penicillins ...
... Is a bacterium responsible for several difficultto-treat infections in humans. MRSA is any strain that has evolved resistance to antibiotics, which include the penicillins ...
Human Herpes Viruses
... Herpes Simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Herpes Simplex virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Epstein Barr virus (EBV) ...
... Herpes Simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Herpes Simplex virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Epstein Barr virus (EBV) ...
Nipah
... o Biotin–streptavidin peroxidase-linked detection system has also been used successfully ...
... o Biotin–streptavidin peroxidase-linked detection system has also been used successfully ...
Virus - My CCSD
... machinery to produce, infect and destroy our own cells With the creation of vaccines (harmless variants of pathogenic microbes), we can condition our body to destroy the infection before it can result in illness ...
... machinery to produce, infect and destroy our own cells With the creation of vaccines (harmless variants of pathogenic microbes), we can condition our body to destroy the infection before it can result in illness ...
File
... notifiable disease in the country and was later reclassified as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. ...
... notifiable disease in the country and was later reclassified as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. ...
B. anthracis
... pustule, and finally a necrotic eschar. The infection may disseminate, giving rise to septicemia. Inhalation anthrax (wool-sorters’ disease): long incubation time (2 months or more). Mediastinitis (enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes), sepsis, and meningitis (50% patients). Pulmonary disease rare ...
... pustule, and finally a necrotic eschar. The infection may disseminate, giving rise to septicemia. Inhalation anthrax (wool-sorters’ disease): long incubation time (2 months or more). Mediastinitis (enlargement of mediastinal lymph nodes), sepsis, and meningitis (50% patients). Pulmonary disease rare ...
EH EVD Screening Tool
... Epidemiologic risk factors within the past 21 days before the onset of symptoms, such as contact with blood or other body fluids or human remains of a patient known to have or suspected to have EVD; residence in—or travel to—an area where EVD transmission is active*; or direct handling of bats or no ...
... Epidemiologic risk factors within the past 21 days before the onset of symptoms, such as contact with blood or other body fluids or human remains of a patient known to have or suspected to have EVD; residence in—or travel to—an area where EVD transmission is active*; or direct handling of bats or no ...
original - Decoda Literacy Solutions
... Routine cleaning and maintenance of all mobile equipment ...
... Routine cleaning and maintenance of all mobile equipment ...
Tuberculosis (TB)
... with TB disease are sick. They may also be able to spread the bacteria to people they spend time with every day. Many people who have latent TB infection never develop TB disease. Some people develop TB disease soon after becoming infected (within weeks) before their immune system can fight the TB b ...
... with TB disease are sick. They may also be able to spread the bacteria to people they spend time with every day. Many people who have latent TB infection never develop TB disease. Some people develop TB disease soon after becoming infected (within weeks) before their immune system can fight the TB b ...
What Causes Disease? How Does the Immune System Protect the
... • Immune system creates antibodies to fight the disease. • Cells of the immune system destroy virus. • Immune system remains strong. • Rest and adequate fluid intake help the body recover and hotion ...
... • Immune system creates antibodies to fight the disease. • Cells of the immune system destroy virus. • Immune system remains strong. • Rest and adequate fluid intake help the body recover and hotion ...
Will/Grundy Bloodborne Pathogen CME 2010
... • Leading cause of liver transplants • Leading cause of cirrhosis of the liver in nonalcoholic patients. • Hepatitis C considered more serious than Hepatitis B ...
... • Leading cause of liver transplants • Leading cause of cirrhosis of the liver in nonalcoholic patients. • Hepatitis C considered more serious than Hepatitis B ...
VIROLOGY
... i.e. icosahedral or helical. 3- It participates in attachment of virions to susceptible cells. 4- Capsid proteins are important antigens that induce antibodies that neutralize virus infectivity and, activate cytotoxic T cells to kill virus-infected cells. 5- Variation in capsid proteins is responsib ...
... i.e. icosahedral or helical. 3- It participates in attachment of virions to susceptible cells. 4- Capsid proteins are important antigens that induce antibodies that neutralize virus infectivity and, activate cytotoxic T cells to kill virus-infected cells. 5- Variation in capsid proteins is responsib ...
Line associated infections and bacteraemia
... Diagnosis of bacteraemia • Blood culture – Take two sets from different sites • Should be performed on all hospitalised patients with fever (≥38ºC) combined with leucocytosis or leucopaenia before the use of parenteral or systemic antimicrobial ...
... Diagnosis of bacteraemia • Blood culture – Take two sets from different sites • Should be performed on all hospitalised patients with fever (≥38ºC) combined with leucocytosis or leucopaenia before the use of parenteral or systemic antimicrobial ...
BioHnrs TEST TOPICS: Intro to Cells (4.1
... 2. Explain how viruses were discovered and the hypotheses regarding their evolution. 3. Explain how viruses can differ and identify what they all have in common. 4. Describe how the human immune system functions to prevent repeat viral infections. 5. Explain what a vaccine is and provide a historica ...
... 2. Explain how viruses were discovered and the hypotheses regarding their evolution. 3. Explain how viruses can differ and identify what they all have in common. 4. Describe how the human immune system functions to prevent repeat viral infections. 5. Explain what a vaccine is and provide a historica ...
Judging a virus by its cover - Journal of Clinical Investigation
... some viral infections but very slowly in others. In a new study, surface glycoproteins (the targets of neutralization) of 2 different viruses were genetically switched. Analysis of the neutralizing antibody response to each of the 2 parent and recombinant viruses in infected mice revealed that the s ...
... some viral infections but very slowly in others. In a new study, surface glycoproteins (the targets of neutralization) of 2 different viruses were genetically switched. Analysis of the neutralizing antibody response to each of the 2 parent and recombinant viruses in infected mice revealed that the s ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.