German Symposium on Zoonoses Research 2014 7th International
... research platform has proven to be a stable basis for scientific exchange. Zoonoses are catastrophic for those afflicted, however, they also have significant effects on animal husbandry. The protection of livestock and the legitimate demand of consumers for safe food make it necessary to develop new ...
... research platform has proven to be a stable basis for scientific exchange. Zoonoses are catastrophic for those afflicted, however, they also have significant effects on animal husbandry. The protection of livestock and the legitimate demand of consumers for safe food make it necessary to develop new ...
Defining the Risk of Zika and Chikungunya Virus Transmission in
... densities. As might be expected, higher probability of human host-use is associated with greater R0 (Fig 3). For a given seasonal duration and human population density, increasing the proportion of bites on humans in the mosquito population above 40% resulted in more model runs that returned R0 >1, ...
... densities. As might be expected, higher probability of human host-use is associated with greater R0 (Fig 3). For a given seasonal duration and human population density, increasing the proportion of bites on humans in the mosquito population above 40% resulted in more model runs that returned R0 >1, ...
Control and prevention of emerging zoonoses
... School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis ...
... School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis ...
Infection Control Precautions - NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
... communicable disease such as tuberculosis or alert organisms such as MRSA. To clarify any confusion with the situation, in 1996 the Centres for Disease Control introduced the two new terms – Standard Precautions and Transmission Based Precautions. Standard Precautions replace the term Universal Prec ...
... communicable disease such as tuberculosis or alert organisms such as MRSA. To clarify any confusion with the situation, in 1996 the Centres for Disease Control introduced the two new terms – Standard Precautions and Transmission Based Precautions. Standard Precautions replace the term Universal Prec ...
Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure Control Plan
... Engineering, work practice controls, and personal protective equipment, as outlined in this Exposure Control Plan will be used to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens hazards. The Exposure Control Plan will be reviewed and updated at least annually, and when necessary to ref ...
... Engineering, work practice controls, and personal protective equipment, as outlined in this Exposure Control Plan will be used to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens hazards. The Exposure Control Plan will be reviewed and updated at least annually, and when necessary to ref ...
Lymphadenopathy in African Children
... A special situation exists in lymphadenopathy related to the Danish strain of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG; Figure 37.3), which is estimated to occur at the rate of 36 per 1,000 vaccinations. This may be partly strain specific, and the association of the current Danish-strain BCG and regional lympha ...
... A special situation exists in lymphadenopathy related to the Danish strain of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG; Figure 37.3), which is estimated to occur at the rate of 36 per 1,000 vaccinations. This may be partly strain specific, and the association of the current Danish-strain BCG and regional lympha ...
Avian Reovirus - Department of Agriculture and Water Resources
... non-Australian origin. These additional controls could be applied to either the source SPF flock (eg increased sampling and testing) or the bulk/finished live avian vaccine (eg more sensitive extraneous infectious agent testing). A further review would be required in the area of appropriate, highly ...
... non-Australian origin. These additional controls could be applied to either the source SPF flock (eg increased sampling and testing) or the bulk/finished live avian vaccine (eg more sensitive extraneous infectious agent testing). A further review would be required in the area of appropriate, highly ...
2 Non-typhoidal Salmonella in Children: Microbiology, Epidemiology and Treatment
... high prevalence of malaria in Africa, and its association with invasive NTS, has been postulated as one reason for this difference [31]. Interestingly, recent studies in the Gambia, Kenya and Tanzania have shown that the marked decline in malaria prevalence has been paralleled by a similar reduction ...
... high prevalence of malaria in Africa, and its association with invasive NTS, has been postulated as one reason for this difference [31]. Interestingly, recent studies in the Gambia, Kenya and Tanzania have shown that the marked decline in malaria prevalence has been paralleled by a similar reduction ...
® FIP (IN) Feline Infectious Peritonitis Vaccine
... PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: Felocell FIP (IN) is for intranasal (IN) vaccination of healthy cats 16 weeks of age or older as an aid in preventing feline infectious peritonitis caused by feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Felocell FIP (IN) contains an attenuated, temperature-sensitive (TS) strain o ...
... PRODUCT DESCRIPTION: Felocell FIP (IN) is for intranasal (IN) vaccination of healthy cats 16 weeks of age or older as an aid in preventing feline infectious peritonitis caused by feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Felocell FIP (IN) contains an attenuated, temperature-sensitive (TS) strain o ...
Preseptal and orbital cellulitis - Journal of Microbiology and
... Preseptal cellulitis (PC) is defined as an inflammation of the eyelid and surrounding skin, whereas orbital cellulitis (OC) is an inflammation of the posterior septum of the eyelid affecting the orbit and its contents. Periorbital tissues may become infected as a result of trauma (including insect b ...
... Preseptal cellulitis (PC) is defined as an inflammation of the eyelid and surrounding skin, whereas orbital cellulitis (OC) is an inflammation of the posterior septum of the eyelid affecting the orbit and its contents. Periorbital tissues may become infected as a result of trauma (including insect b ...
Hochberg et al 2007
... hosts (9,20–27). Intercontinental movement of rodent definitive hosts and accidental human hosts translates into the need for worldwide awareness of the association between EM and A. cantonensis infection. Humans become infected by ingesting intermediate hosts, such as snails and slugs, or transport ...
... hosts (9,20–27). Intercontinental movement of rodent definitive hosts and accidental human hosts translates into the need for worldwide awareness of the association between EM and A. cantonensis infection. Humans become infected by ingesting intermediate hosts, such as snails and slugs, or transport ...
... infections in cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis. The abnormal state of the host defences associated with these chronic respiratory conditions serves to emphasize their permissive role in the pathogenesis of bronchial infections [4]. The pathogenic mechanisms of bacteria that colonize the respirator ...
2012 SCOR Pandemic Risk Conference Highlights
... The emergence of a pandemic pathogen is affected by a number of biological factors, including the evolution of the pathogen, by more man-made factors such as surveillance, travel patterns, population density, containment and mitigation strategies, and by their interaction. The biological characteri ...
... The emergence of a pandemic pathogen is affected by a number of biological factors, including the evolution of the pathogen, by more man-made factors such as surveillance, travel patterns, population density, containment and mitigation strategies, and by their interaction. The biological characteri ...
Reportable Diseases in Peterborough County
... human papillomavirus (not reportable), measles, mumps, pertussis, pneumococcal diseases, poliomyelitis, rotavirus, rubella, tetanus, and infections caused by meningococcal bacterium types A, C, Y and W135. There may be considerable under-reporting of actual cases for some diseases. For instance, whe ...
... human papillomavirus (not reportable), measles, mumps, pertussis, pneumococcal diseases, poliomyelitis, rotavirus, rubella, tetanus, and infections caused by meningococcal bacterium types A, C, Y and W135. There may be considerable under-reporting of actual cases for some diseases. For instance, whe ...
Prevalence of Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) in
... determine and to cure. The diagnosis can be done mostly in late-stages of the diseases. The molecular biology method (real time Taqman PCR method) has been developed to diagnose the beginning stage of infection by only one zoospore that the examination could be done effectively and expeditiously. Fo ...
... determine and to cure. The diagnosis can be done mostly in late-stages of the diseases. The molecular biology method (real time Taqman PCR method) has been developed to diagnose the beginning stage of infection by only one zoospore that the examination could be done effectively and expeditiously. Fo ...
Too Many Vaccines? - Children`s Hospital of Philadelphia
... Today, young children receive vaccines to protect them against 14 different diseases. Because some vaccines require more than one dose, children can receive as many as 27 inoculations by 2 years of age and up to five shots at one time. For this reason, some parents now ask their doctors to space out ...
... Today, young children receive vaccines to protect them against 14 different diseases. Because some vaccines require more than one dose, children can receive as many as 27 inoculations by 2 years of age and up to five shots at one time. For this reason, some parents now ask their doctors to space out ...
VIRAL MARKETING - Journal of Exclusive Management Science
... Viral marketing as a technique that uses pre-existing social networks to produce exponential increases in awareness through self-replicating viral processes. Basically it is marketing that appears to work much the same as a cold virus, spreading from person to person explosively. The best part is th ...
... Viral marketing as a technique that uses pre-existing social networks to produce exponential increases in awareness through self-replicating viral processes. Basically it is marketing that appears to work much the same as a cold virus, spreading from person to person explosively. The best part is th ...
Full-Text PDF
... the mechanisms of RNase-L as a mediator of IFN activity, as well as identifying new physiologic roles [10]. Tumor suppressive activities, including antiproliferative and proapoptotic functions, were quickly ascribed and, in 2002, a genetic association was made when RNASEL was identified as the hered ...
... the mechanisms of RNase-L as a mediator of IFN activity, as well as identifying new physiologic roles [10]. Tumor suppressive activities, including antiproliferative and proapoptotic functions, were quickly ascribed and, in 2002, a genetic association was made when RNASEL was identified as the hered ...
Population genetic structure determines the speed of kill and
... to the deletion of the pif and/or pif-2 genes that are essential for cell binding and penetration during the process of infection of insect midgut cells (Kikhno et al., 2002; Pijlman et al., 2003; Simón et al., 2005b). None of the per os infectious genotypes is as pathogenic (sensu Thomas and Elkin ...
... to the deletion of the pif and/or pif-2 genes that are essential for cell binding and penetration during the process of infection of insect midgut cells (Kikhno et al., 2002; Pijlman et al., 2003; Simón et al., 2005b). None of the per os infectious genotypes is as pathogenic (sensu Thomas and Elkin ...
B. pertussis
... b/ Meets the clinical case definition and is confirmed by PCR, or c/ Meets the clinical definition and is epidemiologically linked directly to a case confirmed by either culture or PCR. • Probable: A case that meets the clinical case definition, is not laboratory confirmed, and is not epidemiologica ...
... b/ Meets the clinical case definition and is confirmed by PCR, or c/ Meets the clinical definition and is epidemiologically linked directly to a case confirmed by either culture or PCR. • Probable: A case that meets the clinical case definition, is not laboratory confirmed, and is not epidemiologica ...
Chapter 16 Cholinesterase Inhibitors
... Transmission – primarily through exchange of blood; controversy over sexual transmission No symptoms, but can transmit Slow progression can lead to liver failure, cancer, and death Leading reason for liver transplants ...
... Transmission – primarily through exchange of blood; controversy over sexual transmission No symptoms, but can transmit Slow progression can lead to liver failure, cancer, and death Leading reason for liver transplants ...
Staying Healthy in Child Care - Preventing infectious
... don’t come in contact with many people. The adults they meet are generally immune to many childhood illnesses because they had them as children or they have been vaccinated. Because of this immunity, adults cannot transmit those infections to children. Spending time in child care centres or other fa ...
... don’t come in contact with many people. The adults they meet are generally immune to many childhood illnesses because they had them as children or they have been vaccinated. Because of this immunity, adults cannot transmit those infections to children. Spending time in child care centres or other fa ...
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) which affects the liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, feeling tired, dark urine and abdominal pain. Often these symptoms last a few weeks and rarely does the initial infection result in death. It may take 30 to 180 days for symptoms to begin. In those who get infected around the time of birth 90% develop chronic hepatitis B while less than 10% of those infected after the age of five do. Most of those with chronic disease have no symptoms; however, cirrhosis and liver cancer may eventually develop. These complications results in the death of 15 to 25% of those with chronic disease.The virus is transmitted by exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. Infection around the time of birth or from contact with other people's blood during childhood is the most frequent method by which hepatitis B is acquired in areas where the disease is common. In areas where the disease is rare, intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse are the most frequent routes of infection. Other risk factors include working in healthcare, blood transfusions, dialysis, living with an infected person, travel in countries where the infection rate is high, and living in an institution. Tattooing and acupuncture led to a significant number of cases in the 1980s; however, this has become less common with improved sterility. The hepatitis B viruses cannot be spread by holding hands, sharing eating utensils, kissing, hugging, coughing, sneezing, or breastfeeding. The infection can be diagnosed 30 to 60 days after exposure. Diagnosis is typically by testing the blood for parts of the virus and for antibodies against the virus. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. Vaccination is recommended by the World Health Organization in the first day of life if possible. Two or three more doses are required at a later time for full effect. This vaccine works about 95% of the time. About 180 countries gave the vaccine as part of national programs as of 2006. It is also recommended that all blood be tested for hepatitis B before transfusion and condoms be used to prevent infection. During an initial infection, care is based on the symptoms that a person has. In those who develop chronic disease antiviral medication such as tenofovir or interferon maybe useful, however these drugs are expensive. Liver transplantation is sometimes used for cirrhosis.About a third of the world population has been infected at one point in their lives, including 240 million to 350 million who have chronic infections. Over 750,000 people die of hepatitis B each year. About 300,000 of these are due to liver cancer. The disease is now only common in East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa where between 5 and 10% of adults have chronic disease. Rates in Europe and North America are less than 1%. It was originally known as serum hepatitis. Research is looking to create foods that contain HBV vaccine. The disease may affect other great apes as well.