Infection Prevention Control Quiz
... Directions: Circle True or False to answer each of the following questions: 1. Standard Precautions apply to all patients regardless of their diagnosis or suspected infection status. ...
... Directions: Circle True or False to answer each of the following questions: 1. Standard Precautions apply to all patients regardless of their diagnosis or suspected infection status. ...
Standard Precautions and Bloodborne Pathogens
... HIV-1 and HIV-2. In the United States, unless otherwise noted, the term “HIV” primarily refers to HIV-1. Both types of HIV damage a person’s body by destroying specific blood cells, called CD4+ T cells, which are crucial to helping the body fight diseases. Within a few weeks of being infected with H ...
... HIV-1 and HIV-2. In the United States, unless otherwise noted, the term “HIV” primarily refers to HIV-1. Both types of HIV damage a person’s body by destroying specific blood cells, called CD4+ T cells, which are crucial to helping the body fight diseases. Within a few weeks of being infected with H ...
Lyme Disease and Other Tick
... discovered in Lyme, Connecticut in 1977. Reporting for this disease began in Connecticut in 1987. Since then, it has become the most commonly reported disease spread by insects in Connecticut with an average 2,147 cases reported annually to the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH). ...
... discovered in Lyme, Connecticut in 1977. Reporting for this disease began in Connecticut in 1987. Since then, it has become the most commonly reported disease spread by insects in Connecticut with an average 2,147 cases reported annually to the Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH). ...
Influenza - sarabrennan
... antibiotics so they could prevent a pandemic from erupting The National Institute of Health are also searching to find a more effective treatment for the Influenza ...
... antibiotics so they could prevent a pandemic from erupting The National Institute of Health are also searching to find a more effective treatment for the Influenza ...
T Pinworm
... bedding that contain eggs. These eggs can then spread to food, toys, or other objects that often go into children’s mouths. Eggs can also be dispersed around a room when contaminated articles are shaken, causing the eggs to settle into dust. In ideal conditions, the eggs can live up to 3 weeks on be ...
... bedding that contain eggs. These eggs can then spread to food, toys, or other objects that often go into children’s mouths. Eggs can also be dispersed around a room when contaminated articles are shaken, causing the eggs to settle into dust. In ideal conditions, the eggs can live up to 3 weeks on be ...
Principals of Animal Diseases
... – Describe the internal and external parasites of livestock and poultry ...
... – Describe the internal and external parasites of livestock and poultry ...
A 32-bp Deletion within the CCR5 Locus Protects against
... one study, hemophilia patients were also shown to be protected [3 – 5]. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from such persons resisted infection in vitro [6, 7]. These results underscore the importance of NSI viruses during initial infection, because the loss of CCR5 confers resistanc ...
... one study, hemophilia patients were also shown to be protected [3 – 5]. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from such persons resisted infection in vitro [6, 7]. These results underscore the importance of NSI viruses during initial infection, because the loss of CCR5 confers resistanc ...
An Epidemiological Model Of A Pathogen Affecting
... population is divided into farms that are infected (I) and susceptible (S) farms that are uninfected (shown earlier in Fig. 1). These farms are divided into freshwater and marine farms. Because of extensive testing for IPNV and destruction of eggs from infected parents, it is assumed that fry are in ...
... population is divided into farms that are infected (I) and susceptible (S) farms that are uninfected (shown earlier in Fig. 1). These farms are divided into freshwater and marine farms. Because of extensive testing for IPNV and destruction of eggs from infected parents, it is assumed that fry are in ...
update on mrsa(resistant staph) in men who have sex with men
... shafts, boils, or abscesses, all of which can spread the disease. Such wounds should be covered with bandages (and an antibiotic ointment such as bacitracin) to prevent others from becoming infected. The relationship between MRSA and specific sexual activities remains unclear. MRSA infection has not ...
... shafts, boils, or abscesses, all of which can spread the disease. Such wounds should be covered with bandages (and an antibiotic ointment such as bacitracin) to prevent others from becoming infected. The relationship between MRSA and specific sexual activities remains unclear. MRSA infection has not ...
Document
... Clinical Manifestations The only ciliate causes human disease Humans are incidental hosts Most human infection：asymptomatic Clinical symptoms usually consist of chronic intermittent diarrhea and weight loss, but acute dysentery occurs in about 5% of cases ...
... Clinical Manifestations The only ciliate causes human disease Humans are incidental hosts Most human infection：asymptomatic Clinical symptoms usually consist of chronic intermittent diarrhea and weight loss, but acute dysentery occurs in about 5% of cases ...
test - Scioly.org
... Objective: The aims of this investigation are to identify the prevalence of STEC O104:H4 carriers in households in highly affected areas, the rate of secondary household transmissions, and the duration of long-term shedding (i.e. emission of pathogens from a host’s body which may facilitate spread ...
... Objective: The aims of this investigation are to identify the prevalence of STEC O104:H4 carriers in households in highly affected areas, the rate of secondary household transmissions, and the duration of long-term shedding (i.e. emission of pathogens from a host’s body which may facilitate spread ...
Primary HIV Infection, Phylogenetics, and Antiretroviral Prevention
... transmitted infections [18] and circumcision status [19]. Large prospective studies continue to investigate the impact of empirically or syndromically treating sexually transmitted infections or suppressing herpes simplex infection, as well as the use of male circumcision, on reductions in transmiss ...
... transmitted infections [18] and circumcision status [19]. Large prospective studies continue to investigate the impact of empirically or syndromically treating sexually transmitted infections or suppressing herpes simplex infection, as well as the use of male circumcision, on reductions in transmiss ...
Indicator Organisms
... Occurrence of Enteric Microbial Pathogens in Humans and Pathogen Shedding • Enteric (gastrointestinal) illnesses are second only to respiratory illnesses in the population • Most people get 1 enteric illness per year: – Annual illness rates are even higher in infants, children, the elderly, child c ...
... Occurrence of Enteric Microbial Pathogens in Humans and Pathogen Shedding • Enteric (gastrointestinal) illnesses are second only to respiratory illnesses in the population • Most people get 1 enteric illness per year: – Annual illness rates are even higher in infants, children, the elderly, child c ...
The Mathematical Formulation of the Foot-and-mouth
... Agent-based spatially-explicit discrete-time computational model Time progresses in increments of 1 unit (=1 day) In a time stepping agent based model, at each time increment some of the agents change some of their attributes depending on their previous state and on the previous states of some of th ...
... Agent-based spatially-explicit discrete-time computational model Time progresses in increments of 1 unit (=1 day) In a time stepping agent based model, at each time increment some of the agents change some of their attributes depending on their previous state and on the previous states of some of th ...
OVERVIEW OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES SITUATION
... in 2013 compared with 22 cases in Year 2012. In addition, there were 111 notified cases of malaria in 2013, all except one were acquired overseas. All vector-borne diseases were thoroughly investigated on notification, followed by a multi-agency response. Intensive vector control remained the main s ...
... in 2013 compared with 22 cases in Year 2012. In addition, there were 111 notified cases of malaria in 2013, all except one were acquired overseas. All vector-borne diseases were thoroughly investigated on notification, followed by a multi-agency response. Intensive vector control remained the main s ...
Trichinosis
Trichinosis, trichinellosis or trichiniasis is a parasitic disease caused by roundworms of the genus Trichinella. Several subspecies cause human disease, but T. spiralis is the most known. Infection may occur without symptoms, while intestinal invasion can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain or vomiting. Larval migration into muscle tissue (one week after being infected) can cause edema of the face or around the eyes, conjunctivitis, fever, muscle pains, splinter hemorrhages, rashes, and peripheral eosinophilia. Life-threatening cases can result in myocarditis, central nervous system involvement, and pneumonitis. Larval encystment in the muscles causes pain and weakness, followed by slow progression of symptoms.Trichinosis is mainly caused by eating undercooked meat containing encysted larval Trichinella. In the stomach the larvae are exposed to stomach acid and pepsin which releases them from their cysts. They then start invading wall of the small intestine, where they develop into adult worms. Females are 2.2 mm in length; males 1.2 mm. The life span in the small intestine is about four weeks. After 1 week, the females release more larvae that migrate to voluntarily controlled muscles where they encyst. Diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms, and is confirmed by serology or by finding encysted or non-encysted larvae in biopsy or autopsy samples.The best way to prevent trichinellosis is to cook meat to safe temperatures. Using food thermometers can make sure the temperature inside the meat is high enough to kill the parasites. The meat should not be tasted until it is completely cooked. Once infection has been verified treatment with antiparasitic drugs such as albendazole or mebendazole should be started at once. A fast response may help kill adult worms and thereby stop further release of larvae. Once the larvae have established in muscle cells, usually by 3 to 4 weeks after infection, treatment may not completely get rid of the infection or symptoms. Both drugs are considered safe but have been associated with side effects such as bone marrow suppression. Patients on longer courses should be monitored though regular blood counts to detect adverse effects quickly and then discontinue treatment. Both medicines should be treated with caution during pregnancy or children under the age of 2 years, but the WHO weighs the benefits of treatment higher than the risks. In addition to antiparasitic medication, treatment with steroids is sometimes required in severe cases.Trichinosis can be acquired by eating both domestic and wild animals, but is not soil-transmitted.