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Case Notification Request (CNR) Statement
Case Notification Request (CNR) Statement

... jurisdictions, or in a combination of state/territorial jurisdictions that taken together comprise 50% or more of the US population? (NCPHI staff can assist CDC Programs with the response to this question, if needed) 2. What purposes, goals, and objectives will be met by case notification to the nat ...
immune system - immunology.unideb.hu
immune system - immunology.unideb.hu

... The cardinal signs of inflammation are rubor (redness), calor (heat), tumor (swelling), dolor (pain), and loss of function. Seen here is skin with erythema. ...
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

... and destroying or impairing their function. As the infection progresses, the immune system becomes weaker, and the person becomes more susceptible to infections. The most advanced stage of HIV infection is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It can take 10-15 years for an HIV-infected person ...
MINIMAL CHANGES CHOLANGIOPATHY
MINIMAL CHANGES CHOLANGIOPATHY

... OSPEDALI RIUNITI , BERGAMO , ITALY ...
Varicella zoster virus
Varicella zoster virus

...  IgVZV should be administered to neonate born to mother who have clinical evidence of VZV 5 days before up to 2 days after delivery ...
haemorrhagic fever
haemorrhagic fever

... Early diagnosis is possible using 1. Antigen detection by immunofluorescence techniques. Some laboratories use reverse transcriptase PCR methods. 2. Antibody detection: by using immunofluorescence test and ELIZA test IgM antibodies are often detectable after the first five to seven days of fever, b ...
STD & HIV Presentation 52013
STD & HIV Presentation 52013

... Jaundice, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, dark urine, fever, & extreme tiredness. Blood. Needle sharing or equipment with blood on it. No vaccine, just some treatment to fight the disease and slow liver disease. ...
Parasitic Diseases
Parasitic Diseases

...  occur within 2 wk of infection  Diarrhea is frequently associated with tenesmus  most patients do not present with grossly bloody ...
Viral immunology: reunion of the conjoined twins disciplines
Viral immunology: reunion of the conjoined twins disciplines

... the vaccine against yellow fever virus were discussed to provide insights for the development of a protective dengue virus (DENV) vaccine.8 As many as 400 million dengue infections occur every year, of which 96 million manifest clinically as dengue fever.9,10 Coincidentally, during the preparation o ...
Timeline – Hepatitis Milestones
Timeline – Hepatitis Milestones

... An estimated 40 million infants and children and 30 million adults in the U.S. have received the HBV vaccine ...
Migrant Health - West Midlands Strategic Migration Partnership
Migrant Health - West Midlands Strategic Migration Partnership

... laboratory, Asians had the highest positivity rate. • Lower positivity rates for those of black and other/mixed ethnicity are based on a relatively small number of tests. • Data is for all tests processed by the West Midlands sentinel laboratory, irrespective of residence. Source: Public Health Engl ...
Biology 261 Name __On_Scantron_Sheet
Biology 261 Name __On_Scantron_Sheet

... swelling of the lymph nodes for greater than six months in two or more regions of the body (excluding the groin). loss of memory and cognitive reasoning. ...
Sample Exam 3 Key
Sample Exam 3 Key

... swelling of the lymph nodes for greater than six months in two or more regions of the body (excluding the groin). loss of memory and cognitive reasoning. ...
HSV1 AND COLD SORES (HERPES LABIALIS)
HSV1 AND COLD SORES (HERPES LABIALIS)

... a) it has a propensity for latently infecting neuronal cells; b) it is ubiquitous; c) it affects, in acute infection, the brain regions which display the main pathological changes in AD. ...
Comment 3 (PDF: 14KB/1 page)
Comment 3 (PDF: 14KB/1 page)

... this is a quite unnecessary shot, especially in light of current statistics of Hepatitis B in children and babies.  As with all vaccines there is always a chance of damage to the child. Many studies in the CDC and AMA records show that too many shots, too often, can add to the stress of children's d ...
Defensive Breakdown Dr. Ebtihal Chiad Abass Ph.D. Immunology
Defensive Breakdown Dr. Ebtihal Chiad Abass Ph.D. Immunology

... leukoencephalopathy and other diseases only in cases of immunodeficiency • BK (polyoma)virus The BK virus is a member of the polyomavirus family. Past infection with the BK virus is widespread, but significant consequences of infection are uncommon, with the exception of the immunocompromised and th ...
Peginterferon alfa–ribavirin treatment for chronic HCV infection is
Peginterferon alfa–ribavirin treatment for chronic HCV infection is

... subtypes 1a and 1b (98% and 100%, respectively) and those with CC and non-CC IL28B genotypes (93% and 98%, respectively), as well as among patients who received ribavirin and those who did not (94% and 98%, respectively). The most common adverse events were fatigue, headache, and nausea. Conclusions ...
Unusual cases of hepatitis B virus transmission in the Community
Unusual cases of hepatitis B virus transmission in the Community

... addicted to drugs. Why does he or she need to be protected against hepatitis B?” Of course, it is impossible to predict which children will grow up and engage in risky behavior. But let’s assume for a moment that this parent is right...does this mean that his or her child has no possibility of ever ...
medical treatment PPHT
medical treatment PPHT

... middle zones of the right lung. • Abdomen: There was remarkable ascites around the 3 cmabove umblical line, umblical hernia, Traube area was closed, 1 cm splenomegaly. There was (++) pretibial pitting edema • No flapping tremor and other spesific findings ...
HEPATITIS A
HEPATITIS A

... local medical care and therefore the risk of contagion through infected needles increases with the frequency of travelling, the duration of the journey, also with close social contacts with the local population, like the care of orphans or street urchins (contagion through direct or indirect contact ...
Reportable Infectious Diseases and Conditions in Illinois
Reportable Infectious Diseases and Conditions in Illinois

... Streptococcus pneumoniae, invasive disease in children less than 5 years Syphilis Tetanus Tickborne including ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, Lyme disease, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever Toxic shock syndrome, due to staphylococcus aureus infection Trichinosis Tuberculosis Tularemia‡ Vibriosis (Non-cho ...
Assessment 9 Hepatobiliary
Assessment 9 Hepatobiliary

... ALP: derived primarily from bile canalicular cells (found in liver, gut, and bone), increased in bile duct obstruction or injury GGT: Most sensitive indicator of biliary tract disease, highest concentration in bile ductules, can be induced by drugs. If ALP is elevated you use GGT to confirm it is fr ...
Viral Hepatitis - Laboratory Diagnostics
Viral Hepatitis - Laboratory Diagnostics

... No licensed tests for diagnostic purposes; all tests are for monitoring or donor screening – HCV RNA will be done in HIV or other immunocompromised patients if requested ...
COOK® Incorporated
COOK® Incorporated

... Vaccine available since 1982 Yeast-based vaccine – not a live virus Series of 3 shots given over 6 months – – Get 1st shot – 2nd shot - one month later – 3rd shot - six months after first Further information on HBV can be found at www.cdc.gov ...
Viral Hepatitis and African Americans
Viral Hepatitis and African Americans

... Testing is the only way to determine whether or not a person has chronic hepatitis B or C. Learning if one is infected is key to diagnosing chronic viral hepatitis early and getting appropriate medical care. Testing can also identify at-risk household members and sexual partners who should also be t ...
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Hepatitis C



Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will go on to develop liver failure, liver cancer, or life-threatening esophageal and gastric varices.HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, and transfusions. An estimated 150–200 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The existence of hepatitis C – originally identifiable only as a type of non-A non-B hepatitis – was suggested in the 1970s and proven in 1989. Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The virus persists in the liver in about 85% of those infected. This chronic infection can be treated with medication: the standard therapy is a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin, with either boceprevir or telaprevir added in some cases. Overall, 50–80% of people treated are cured. Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer may require a liver transplant. Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. No vaccine against hepatitis C is available. About 343,000 deaths due to liver cancer from hepatitis C occurred in 2013, up from 198,000 in 1990. An additional 358,000 in 2013 occurred due to cirrhosis.
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