Foot-and-mouth disease virus causes transplacental infection and death in foetal lambs
... transplacentally, its role in causing abortion and the potential of the foetus and associated fluids to act as a reservoir of infection has hindered understanding of the disease. The epidemiological significance of a uterine reservoir of virus has not previously been examined. For these reasons, we ...
... transplacentally, its role in causing abortion and the potential of the foetus and associated fluids to act as a reservoir of infection has hindered understanding of the disease. The epidemiological significance of a uterine reservoir of virus has not previously been examined. For these reasons, we ...
Ante-Natal screening
... • Symptomatic UTI in pregnancy is frequently preceded by asymptomatic bacteriuria o Prevalence is around 5% o Untreated, at least 30% of women with ASB will develop acute pyelonephritis ...
... • Symptomatic UTI in pregnancy is frequently preceded by asymptomatic bacteriuria o Prevalence is around 5% o Untreated, at least 30% of women with ASB will develop acute pyelonephritis ...
View Full Text-PDF
... sputum or throat swab culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The frequency of nosocomial respiratory tract infection in cirrhotic patients was 10.9%. The most significant risk factor was artificial respiration (OR=9.81). Gram negative bacilli (38.5%) were the first cause followed by Gram positi ...
... sputum or throat swab culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The frequency of nosocomial respiratory tract infection in cirrhotic patients was 10.9%. The most significant risk factor was artificial respiration (OR=9.81). Gram negative bacilli (38.5%) were the first cause followed by Gram positi ...
Guidance on Infection Control and Communicable Diseases in
... Preventing an illness is much better than trying to treat it once it has developed. Safe and effective vaccines are available to protect against many potentially life-threatening infections. Some are given routinely to the whole population, others only to individuals thought to be at high risk of ce ...
... Preventing an illness is much better than trying to treat it once it has developed. Safe and effective vaccines are available to protect against many potentially life-threatening infections. Some are given routinely to the whole population, others only to individuals thought to be at high risk of ce ...
Zoonotic diseases - Yeditepe University
... • Rapid virus antigen detection - in recent years, virus antigen detection by IF had become widely used. Corneal impressions or neck skin biopsy are taken. The Direct Fluorescent Antibody test (DFA) is commonly used. • Virus cultivation - The most definitive means of diagnosis is by virus cultivatio ...
... • Rapid virus antigen detection - in recent years, virus antigen detection by IF had become widely used. Corneal impressions or neck skin biopsy are taken. The Direct Fluorescent Antibody test (DFA) is commonly used. • Virus cultivation - The most definitive means of diagnosis is by virus cultivatio ...
Ecosphere 5 - Wiley Online Library
... of other species often arise through infrequent spill-over events from this primary host (Woolhouse and Gowtage-Sequeria 2005, Woolhouse et al. 2005). Spill-over or interactions with other, cooccurring pathogens can lead to evolutionary dynamics that result in pathogen divergence, where diverged lin ...
... of other species often arise through infrequent spill-over events from this primary host (Woolhouse and Gowtage-Sequeria 2005, Woolhouse et al. 2005). Spill-over or interactions with other, cooccurring pathogens can lead to evolutionary dynamics that result in pathogen divergence, where diverged lin ...
Editable Lecture PowerPoint
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
Recommended precaution procedures protect healthcare workers
... the highest rate on the infectious diseases ward and the lowest rate on the hematology ward. Although these patients stay for a short time in the emergency department and are immediately transferred to the infectious disease clinic, some applications, i.e., intravenous catheterization, urinary cathe ...
... the highest rate on the infectious diseases ward and the lowest rate on the hematology ward. Although these patients stay for a short time in the emergency department and are immediately transferred to the infectious disease clinic, some applications, i.e., intravenous catheterization, urinary cathe ...
Pandemic Influenza
... Most of population has no experience (immunity) May also infect animals other than humans Limited or no vaccine Limited antiviral medications available Limited excess capacity in health care system ...
... Most of population has no experience (immunity) May also infect animals other than humans Limited or no vaccine Limited antiviral medications available Limited excess capacity in health care system ...
STD
... DNA test to determine if women with abnormal Pap test results need follow-up Identify women who are infected with ...
... DNA test to determine if women with abnormal Pap test results need follow-up Identify women who are infected with ...
Fulminant hepatic failure in children
... (NAPQI) through the CYP system [30]. NAPQI is detoxified by conjugation with glutathione. With depletion of hepatic glutathione stores, NAPQI binds to cysteine groups on protein, forming hepatotoxic protein adducts. Although reported cases of acetaminophenrelated ALF reflect single, acute ingestions ...
... (NAPQI) through the CYP system [30]. NAPQI is detoxified by conjugation with glutathione. With depletion of hepatic glutathione stores, NAPQI binds to cysteine groups on protein, forming hepatotoxic protein adducts. Although reported cases of acetaminophenrelated ALF reflect single, acute ingestions ...
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
... SARS. This germ is referred to as SARS-associated coronavirus or SARS-CoV. Some researchers suggest that other infectious agents may have had a role in SARS cases. Various methods were used to test patients for the SARS virus. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test is used to ...
... SARS. This germ is referred to as SARS-associated coronavirus or SARS-CoV. Some researchers suggest that other infectious agents may have had a role in SARS cases. Various methods were used to test patients for the SARS virus. A reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test is used to ...
Well-Being of the EMT-Basic Part 2 Introduction to Infectious
... renders them ineffective in preventing disease. – Illness & death occurs from Opportunistic Infections such as pneumonia. – Causes Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome (AIDS) – Initial symptoms are non-specific • Viral syndrome • Night sweats, weight loss • Gland, muscle, & joint pain ...
... renders them ineffective in preventing disease. – Illness & death occurs from Opportunistic Infections such as pneumonia. – Causes Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome (AIDS) – Initial symptoms are non-specific • Viral syndrome • Night sweats, weight loss • Gland, muscle, & joint pain ...
Candidate Genes Associated with Susceptibility for SARS
... ω, α, and ρ1 —the transfer rate out of Hn and into Pn , Rn , and Dn , respectively. σ and ρ2 —the transfer rate out of Pn and into Rn and Dn , respectively. During SARS outbreak, those suspected of SARS were hospitalized, sometimes without full isolation. A reclassification procedure allowed those w ...
... ω, α, and ρ1 —the transfer rate out of Hn and into Pn , Rn , and Dn , respectively. σ and ρ2 —the transfer rate out of Pn and into Rn and Dn , respectively. During SARS outbreak, those suspected of SARS were hospitalized, sometimes without full isolation. A reclassification procedure allowed those w ...
Nosocomial Infections
... Significantly decreases catheter colonization; less clear evidence for BSI Disadvantages: possibility of skin sensitivity to chlorhexidine, potential for chlorhexidine resistance ...
... Significantly decreases catheter colonization; less clear evidence for BSI Disadvantages: possibility of skin sensitivity to chlorhexidine, potential for chlorhexidine resistance ...
Lowering standards of clinical waste management: do
... The prevention of infection among healthcare staff and others, particularly infection caused by bloodborne virus agents including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV, has received considerable attention in recent years, and directly influence the approach to waste management in hospitals. Linked with o ...
... The prevention of infection among healthcare staff and others, particularly infection caused by bloodborne virus agents including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV, has received considerable attention in recent years, and directly influence the approach to waste management in hospitals. Linked with o ...
Information On Staphylococcal Infections For School Athletic
... nose, it is not typically an airborne pathogen. It is also not found in dirt or mud. Most infections occur through direct physical contact of the staphylococci with a break in the skin (cut or scrape). Inanimate objects, such as clothing, bed linens, or furniture, may also be a source of infection w ...
... nose, it is not typically an airborne pathogen. It is also not found in dirt or mud. Most infections occur through direct physical contact of the staphylococci with a break in the skin (cut or scrape). Inanimate objects, such as clothing, bed linens, or furniture, may also be a source of infection w ...
Viral Detection
... LTRs detection experience found LTRs present in infectious samples Endogenous retroviral intracisternal A particle (IAP) genome were identified by using cDNAs that were created from the LTRs of infectious factions ...
... LTRs detection experience found LTRs present in infectious samples Endogenous retroviral intracisternal A particle (IAP) genome were identified by using cDNAs that were created from the LTRs of infectious factions ...
Scientists: This swine flu relatively mild in comparison to `regular` flu
... that people exposed to the 1957 flu pandemic -- which killed up to 2 million people worldwide -- may have some immunity to the new strain. That could explain why older people have been spared in Mexico, where the swine flu has been most deadly. ...
... that people exposed to the 1957 flu pandemic -- which killed up to 2 million people worldwide -- may have some immunity to the new strain. That could explain why older people have been spared in Mexico, where the swine flu has been most deadly. ...
Virology Techniques
... most abundant biological entity on the planet. Many animal disease systems serve well as models for human disease. Many of the techniques used in the study of viruses are the same whether they infect plants or warm- or cold-blooded creatures because the techniques are based more on the virus studie ...
... most abundant biological entity on the planet. Many animal disease systems serve well as models for human disease. Many of the techniques used in the study of viruses are the same whether they infect plants or warm- or cold-blooded creatures because the techniques are based more on the virus studie ...
Interference of reovirus strains occurs between the stages of
... M2 ssRNA itself; however, there is no clear evidence for the interaction of ~tl protein with virus ssRNAs either alone or in complex with other reovirus proteins (e.g. non-structural) or host proteins. The fact that delaying infection with the interfering wild-type T3D (in the mixed infection with T ...
... M2 ssRNA itself; however, there is no clear evidence for the interaction of ~tl protein with virus ssRNAs either alone or in complex with other reovirus proteins (e.g. non-structural) or host proteins. The fact that delaying infection with the interfering wild-type T3D (in the mixed infection with T ...
this PDF file - The Journal of Infection in Developing
... countries, there is a lack of surveillance both at the local and national level. This is due to a lack of good quality laboratory support, and a lack of clear lines of communication both at the local and national level. Even these when these programs exist, there could be measurement errors regardin ...
... countries, there is a lack of surveillance both at the local and national level. This is due to a lack of good quality laboratory support, and a lack of clear lines of communication both at the local and national level. Even these when these programs exist, there could be measurement errors regardin ...
Case report Triple infection with HIV-1, HTLV
... Image seen with ×400 magnification on light microscopy. ...
... Image seen with ×400 magnification on light microscopy. ...
Communicable Diseases Information
... Is there a vaccine for chickenpox? A vaccine against chickenpox was first licensed in March 1995. It has been recommended for persons over 12 months of age. Older children and adults who have previously had chickenpox do not need to be vaccinated. Contact your doctor or local health department for f ...
... Is there a vaccine for chickenpox? A vaccine against chickenpox was first licensed in March 1995. It has been recommended for persons over 12 months of age. Older children and adults who have previously had chickenpox do not need to be vaccinated. Contact your doctor or local health department for f ...
Blood donor deferral: time for change? An evidence
... a 28-day deferral is applicable to all donors who traveled outside Europe, thereby protecting potential threats such as dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika. Thus, the field of blood transfusion seems to operate under different rules than what is most common in other fields of medicine, in the sense that t ...
... a 28-day deferral is applicable to all donors who traveled outside Europe, thereby protecting potential threats such as dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika. Thus, the field of blood transfusion seems to operate under different rules than what is most common in other fields of medicine, in the sense that t ...
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will go on to develop liver failure, liver cancer, or life-threatening esophageal and gastric varices.HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, and transfusions. An estimated 150–200 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C. The existence of hepatitis C – originally identifiable only as a type of non-A non-B hepatitis – was suggested in the 1970s and proven in 1989. Hepatitis C infects only humans and chimpanzees. It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.The virus persists in the liver in about 85% of those infected. This chronic infection can be treated with medication: the standard therapy is a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin, with either boceprevir or telaprevir added in some cases. Overall, 50–80% of people treated are cured. Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer may require a liver transplant. Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation. No vaccine against hepatitis C is available. About 343,000 deaths due to liver cancer from hepatitis C occurred in 2013, up from 198,000 in 1990. An additional 358,000 in 2013 occurred due to cirrhosis.