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Lyme Disease

... Males and females of all ages can get Lyme disease. People who spend time outdoors in tickinfested environments are at an increased risk of exposure. Most cases have reported an exposure to ticks or their woodland/brush habitat during June, July and August, but cases have been reported during every ...
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... mespili) is also known as Entomosporium leaf spot. The conidial state of this fungus may infect and cause leaf spots on many species of plants, most in the rose family. The disease first shows up as a leaf spot in early summer. Some hawthorns are so severely infected that trees may drop all their le ...
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... period is during the flu-like illness the week before the onset of the rash. Once the rash has appeared, the infected person is not contagious. Good hand washing is the best way to protect against the spread of this infection. Should an infected person be excluded from school, day care or work? No, ...
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... The fellow will work primarily in the Healthcare Outreach Unit on issues related to healthcareassociated infections (HAIs). The Healthcare Outreach Unit is housed within the Acute Communicable Disease Control Program, which is the lead program for most infectious disease public health activities and ...
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... The nematode Dracunculus medinensis is a close relative of the Filariidea. The larvae mature in water flea’s (Cyclops). Together with drinking water in which the flea’s live the larvae get into the human’s gastrointestinal tract, here they can nest in the connective tissue and grow into adults. The ...
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... regardless of where they are going. Measles is one of the most contagious diseases, and even domestic travelers may be exposed on airplanes or in airports. ...
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... Insects living in the litter may also carryover the virus between flocks. It is considered that most chooks are infected. This means that new strains of the virus could be introduced to a property by bringing on new birds. As the virus is in the dander and feathers, this can be easily carried on equ ...
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... such as Corgenix, ViroCyt and SomaLogic are developing rapid signatures and diagnostic tests that can determine if individuals have been exposed or infected. New materials for infection control are also under development by companies including Sharklet Technologies and Diazamed. In addition, compani ...
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African trypanosomiasis



African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.
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