Infection Control Post Test with Key
... A. to obtain a good survey B. to maintain herd immunity C. to prevent infection from spreading 8. The methods to control or eliminate infectious agents are: A. Running B. Sawing C. Cleansing, Disinfecting, and Sterilizing 9. It is not necessary to follow Standard Precautions if you know your residen ...
... A. to obtain a good survey B. to maintain herd immunity C. to prevent infection from spreading 8. The methods to control or eliminate infectious agents are: A. Running B. Sawing C. Cleansing, Disinfecting, and Sterilizing 9. It is not necessary to follow Standard Precautions if you know your residen ...
Interim Recommendations on Infection Control for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)... Healthcare Settings
... Standard precautions It is not always possible to identify patients with EVD early because initial symptoms may be non-specific. Therefore, it is important that healthcare workers apply standard precautions consistently with all patients – regardless of their diagnosis – in all work practices at all ...
... Standard precautions It is not always possible to identify patients with EVD early because initial symptoms may be non-specific. Therefore, it is important that healthcare workers apply standard precautions consistently with all patients – regardless of their diagnosis – in all work practices at all ...
Communicable Disease Summary 2013 FAIRFAX COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT www.fairfaxcounty.gov/HD
... Meningococcal disease is an acute, potentially severe illness caused by the aerobic, gram-negative diplococcus, bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. Since the introduction of the Haemophilus Influenzae type B and pneumococcal vaccine for infants, Neisseria meningitidis has been the leading cause of bac ...
... Meningococcal disease is an acute, potentially severe illness caused by the aerobic, gram-negative diplococcus, bacterium Neisseria meningitidis. Since the introduction of the Haemophilus Influenzae type B and pneumococcal vaccine for infants, Neisseria meningitidis has been the leading cause of bac ...
Syphilis in Pregnancy and the Newborn
... During pregnancy T.pallidum can cross the placenta to cause fetal infection, this may occur throughout the course of pregnancy. Spirochaetes are released into the circulation and disseminate to the organs, producing an inflammatory response. Frequency of vertical transmission increases with gestatio ...
... During pregnancy T.pallidum can cross the placenta to cause fetal infection, this may occur throughout the course of pregnancy. Spirochaetes are released into the circulation and disseminate to the organs, producing an inflammatory response. Frequency of vertical transmission increases with gestatio ...
Pediatric Primary Care Nurse Practitioner (06).
... Age: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2011;53(7): e25-e76. 25. Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA ...
... Age: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2011;53(7): e25-e76. 25. Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St. Geme JW, Schor NF. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA ...
Does terrestrial epidemiology apply to marine systems?
... Many of the best-known pathogens that cause disease in human and other mammal populations are transmitted by VECTORS [40]. Because vectors increase the efficiency of transmission, particularly from morbid hosts, vectorborne pathogens can evolve to be particularly virulent [41]. Vectored diseases app ...
... Many of the best-known pathogens that cause disease in human and other mammal populations are transmitted by VECTORS [40]. Because vectors increase the efficiency of transmission, particularly from morbid hosts, vectorborne pathogens can evolve to be particularly virulent [41]. Vectored diseases app ...
MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus)
... discovered in the 1880s. During this era, S. aureus infection commonly caused painful skin and soft tissue conditions such as boils, scalded-skin syndrome, and impetigo. More serious forms of S. aureus infection can progress to bacterial pneumonia and bacteria in the bloodstream both of which can be ...
... discovered in the 1880s. During this era, S. aureus infection commonly caused painful skin and soft tissue conditions such as boils, scalded-skin syndrome, and impetigo. More serious forms of S. aureus infection can progress to bacterial pneumonia and bacteria in the bloodstream both of which can be ...
inference for individual-level models of infectious diseases in large
... is done using the 2001 UK FMD epidemic as a case study. 3. Case Study: Foot and Mouth Epidemic of 2001 To illustrate the application of the general ILM of Section 2.1 in a large population, we look to the UK foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic of 2001. The UK foot-and-mouth epidemic of 2001 is tho ...
... is done using the 2001 UK FMD epidemic as a case study. 3. Case Study: Foot and Mouth Epidemic of 2001 To illustrate the application of the general ILM of Section 2.1 in a large population, we look to the UK foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic of 2001. The UK foot-and-mouth epidemic of 2001 is tho ...
Melioidosis in Ubon Ratchathani
... Cases reported from veterans of World War II 343 cases in American soldiers fighting in Vietnam were reported to be melioidosis ...
... Cases reported from veterans of World War II 343 cases in American soldiers fighting in Vietnam were reported to be melioidosis ...
What is mumps? Mumps is an acute infectious viral disease that can
... Mumps is an acute infectious viral disease that can cause swelling and tenderness of the salivary glands in the cheeks and jaw. Who gets mumps? Mumps can affect any person of any age who has not had the disease or been vaccinated against it. Mumps usually occurs in children, although older people ma ...
... Mumps is an acute infectious viral disease that can cause swelling and tenderness of the salivary glands in the cheeks and jaw. Who gets mumps? Mumps can affect any person of any age who has not had the disease or been vaccinated against it. Mumps usually occurs in children, although older people ma ...
Stevens Johnson Syndrome
... The change from a previously itchy exanthematic eruption to skin pain, or the sudden appearance of dusky purpuric tender skin changes, warn that epidermal destruction has begun and blistering and/or areas of confluent epidermal shedding will follow. Exanthematic drug eruptions with any of these asso ...
... The change from a previously itchy exanthematic eruption to skin pain, or the sudden appearance of dusky purpuric tender skin changes, warn that epidermal destruction has begun and blistering and/or areas of confluent epidermal shedding will follow. Exanthematic drug eruptions with any of these asso ...
Guidelines for Reporting and Writing About People with Disabilities
... Emphasize people, not labels. Say “people with mental retardation” or “people who are deaf.” EMPHASIZE ABILITIES, not limitations. For example: Correct: “uses a wheelchair/braces” or “walks with crutches” Incorrect: “confined to a wheelchair,” “wheelchair-bound” or “crippled” Similarly, do not u ...
... Emphasize people, not labels. Say “people with mental retardation” or “people who are deaf.” EMPHASIZE ABILITIES, not limitations. For example: Correct: “uses a wheelchair/braces” or “walks with crutches” Incorrect: “confined to a wheelchair,” “wheelchair-bound” or “crippled” Similarly, do not u ...
Campylobacter Infection - Government of Manitoba
... 16% of Campylobacter cases reported to CEnterNet were travel-associated (16). Manitoba: The reported incidence rate was 19.3 per 100,000 population in 2009 (234 cases) and 19.7 per 100,000 population in 2010 (242 cases). For 2010, the mean incidence rate was highest in the 1-4 year age group (48.8 p ...
... 16% of Campylobacter cases reported to CEnterNet were travel-associated (16). Manitoba: The reported incidence rate was 19.3 per 100,000 population in 2009 (234 cases) and 19.7 per 100,000 population in 2010 (242 cases). For 2010, the mean incidence rate was highest in the 1-4 year age group (48.8 p ...
Canine Meningoencephalomyelitis
... starting treatment protocols vary depending on the clinician, patient, and financial situation of the client. In addition, because causes can be multifactorial with possible genetic predispositions, a single treatment protocol has not been shown to be optimal for all dogs. Additional studies are nee ...
... starting treatment protocols vary depending on the clinician, patient, and financial situation of the client. In addition, because causes can be multifactorial with possible genetic predispositions, a single treatment protocol has not been shown to be optimal for all dogs. Additional studies are nee ...
report from the Study Group f
... recommended that, in prospective studies, individuals without RA are described as having: genetic risk factors for RA; environmental risk factors for RA; systemic autoimmunity associated with RA; symptoms without clinical arthritis; unclassified arthritis; which may be used in a combinatorial manner ...
... recommended that, in prospective studies, individuals without RA are described as having: genetic risk factors for RA; environmental risk factors for RA; systemic autoimmunity associated with RA; symptoms without clinical arthritis; unclassified arthritis; which may be used in a combinatorial manner ...
Poster_02_NN.
... Toxoplasma gondii is a threat to many animals including humans as it causes fever, confusion, headache, seizures, nausea, and poor coordination in immunosuppressed individuals. The CDC approximates 22.5% of people in the United States have been infected, and that number increases to as much as 95% i ...
... Toxoplasma gondii is a threat to many animals including humans as it causes fever, confusion, headache, seizures, nausea, and poor coordination in immunosuppressed individuals. The CDC approximates 22.5% of people in the United States have been infected, and that number increases to as much as 95% i ...
Work-related infectious disease reported to the
... Disease Intelligence Network (ODIN) that operated until 2002 when ODIN was succeeded by The Health and Occupation Reporting network (THOR). Recent data (from 2003) show that more than 2000 physicians throughout the UK are reporters to THOR. The reporting schemes provide estimates of the incidence of ...
... Disease Intelligence Network (ODIN) that operated until 2002 when ODIN was succeeded by The Health and Occupation Reporting network (THOR). Recent data (from 2003) show that more than 2000 physicians throughout the UK are reporters to THOR. The reporting schemes provide estimates of the incidence of ...
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT FOR THE COLLECTION AND REFERRAL OF SPECIMENS
... the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa highlights on the CDC website. EVD is one of several known viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF). It is a severe, often fatal disease in human and nonhuman primates. Ebola virus is spread by direct contact with the blood or body fluids (such as urine, saliva, feces, v ...
... the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa highlights on the CDC website. EVD is one of several known viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF). It is a severe, often fatal disease in human and nonhuman primates. Ebola virus is spread by direct contact with the blood or body fluids (such as urine, saliva, feces, v ...
Mumps Clinical Signs and Symptoms
... Parotitis is the characteristic presentation of mumps, and occurs in 3040% cases, usually after 16-18 days incubation and may be unilateral, or bilateral parotid swelling, which lifts the earlobe up and out. The submandibular and sublingual glands may also be involved and swollen. Parotitis may be p ...
... Parotitis is the characteristic presentation of mumps, and occurs in 3040% cases, usually after 16-18 days incubation and may be unilateral, or bilateral parotid swelling, which lifts the earlobe up and out. The submandibular and sublingual glands may also be involved and swollen. Parotitis may be p ...
Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease
... susceptible, and there is no seasonal pattern of occurrence. Major outbreaks have occurred in Florida, Denver, and the northeastern States, including New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The virus causes fever, coughing, and a hemorrhagic pneumonia after an incubation period of 2 to 4 days, but ha ...
... susceptible, and there is no seasonal pattern of occurrence. Major outbreaks have occurred in Florida, Denver, and the northeastern States, including New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The virus causes fever, coughing, and a hemorrhagic pneumonia after an incubation period of 2 to 4 days, but ha ...
Predicting the characteristics of the aetiological agent for Kawasaki
... Although Kawasaki disease (KD), which was first reported in the 1960s, is assumed to be infectious, its aetiological agent(s) remains unknown. We compared the geographical distribution of the force of infection and the super-annual periodicity of KD and seven other paediatric infectious diseases in J ...
... Although Kawasaki disease (KD), which was first reported in the 1960s, is assumed to be infectious, its aetiological agent(s) remains unknown. We compared the geographical distribution of the force of infection and the super-annual periodicity of KD and seven other paediatric infectious diseases in J ...
Smallpox_and_the_Columbian_exchange
... It likely became a human disease ~4,000 years ago The disease exists in two main clinical forms: Variola minor, which is relatively mild and had a modern case fatality rate of ~1% Variola major, which can be quite severe, and had a modern case fatality rate of ~30% The incubation period lasts 7-17 d ...
... It likely became a human disease ~4,000 years ago The disease exists in two main clinical forms: Variola minor, which is relatively mild and had a modern case fatality rate of ~1% Variola major, which can be quite severe, and had a modern case fatality rate of ~30% The incubation period lasts 7-17 d ...
Background Fellowship projects EPIET REPORT
... several European countries. By 24 April 2013, 80 HAV cases in travellers with symptom onset after 1 November 2012 visiting different areas in Egypt were reported. Four cases from Norway, six cases from the Netherlands and five cases from England shared an identical hepatitis A viral RNA sequence. Th ...
... several European countries. By 24 April 2013, 80 HAV cases in travellers with symptom onset after 1 November 2012 visiting different areas in Egypt were reported. Four cases from Norway, six cases from the Netherlands and five cases from England shared an identical hepatitis A viral RNA sequence. Th ...
Zoonoses of Nonhuman Primates
... “It is probable that at least the anthropoid apes among the nonhuman primates are susceptible to most or all human infections” Calvin Schwabe Veterinary Medicine and Human Health (1984) ...
... “It is probable that at least the anthropoid apes among the nonhuman primates are susceptible to most or all human infections” Calvin Schwabe Veterinary Medicine and Human Health (1984) ...
The Mathematical Formulation of the Foot-and-mouth
... - probability that a contact of type m would cause infection Many of these factors are uncertain or involve variability and are sampled from probability density functions. ...
... - probability that a contact of type m would cause infection Many of these factors are uncertain or involve variability and are sampled from probability density functions. ...
African trypanosomiasis
African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.