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Herd Health Planning - IBR
Herd Health Planning - IBR

... • Keep bought in breeding animals in isolation until they have been tested. However, single tests on individual animals can fail to pick up a carrier animal • Separate cattle with 3 metre fencing to eliminate nose-to-nose contact from neighbouring farms or between separately managed groups • An infe ...
Mission Statement - OAS :: Department of Conferences and
Mission Statement - OAS :: Department of Conferences and

... 3. Countries of the Americas must focus their activities on strengthening capacity to manage Ebola events at both Points of Entry and Health Care Facilities including isolation facilities, provision of Personal Protection Equipment and specimen sampling & shipping procedures. ...
Parasite adaptations to within-host competition
Parasite adaptations to within-host competition

... RBCs are converted into gametocytes in malaria infections, which seems paradoxical given their crucial role in generating new infections [22], but recent theoretical results suggest that competition for RBCs can lead to selection for low rates of conversion to gametocytes [23]. The theory shows that ...
Backward Bifurcation Analysis of Epidemic Model with Partial Immunity
Backward Bifurcation Analysis of Epidemic Model with Partial Immunity

... direct or indirect death. In buffalo herds, BTB has a high prevalence of 60% to 92% [7]. It was reported in [10] that the higher the prevalence rate the higher the disease-related mortality and hence a mortality of up to 10% was detected in buffalo herds having a BTB prevalence of at least 50%. The ...
AI for Global Disease Surveillance
AI for Global Disease Surveillance

... diseases posed little threat to human health. Today, however, infectious diseases remain the leading cause of death among children and young adults, resulting in more than 13 million deaths each year. Moreover, with 335 new infectious diseases identified in the last 60 years and many known organism ...
MMR (Measles Mumps Rubella) Vaccine
MMR (Measles Mumps Rubella) Vaccine

... MMR (Measles Mumps Rubella) Vaccine You can protect your child from 3 diseases by giving them 1 easy shot called the MMR. It protects children against measles, mumps, and rubella. In Canada, children should get the MMR shot twice. They can get it when they are: z 12 months old and 18 months old, OR ...
Infection and Psychiatric Diseases Timing of Disease
Infection and Psychiatric Diseases Timing of Disease

... Most cases of schizophrenia are the result of infections and other environmental insults occurring in genetically susceptible individuals before the onset of clinically apparent symptoms.  Distinct gene-environmental interactions may be operant in different populations.  The role of specific infec ...
Modeling spatial spread of communicable diseases
Modeling spatial spread of communicable diseases

... and DEN-4) of the genus Flavivirus. Infection by one of these serotypes provides immunity to only that serotype for life, so persons living in a dengue-endemic area can have more than one dengue infection during their lifetime. DF and DHF are primarily diseases of tropical and sub-tropical areas, an ...
FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV)
FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV)

... Therapy of the secondary infections associated with FIV is based on the clinical signs and the nature of the infectious agent. Symptomatic treatment of these cats is indicated, but always with the caution that eventually little can be done to stem the inevitable collapse of the cat’s immune system. ...
Infection in Cats - Pet Health Council
Infection in Cats - Pet Health Council

... Therapy of the secondary infections associated with FIV is based on the clinical signs and the nature of the infectious agent. Symptomatic treatment of these cats is indicated, but always with the caution that eventually little can be done to stem the inevitable collapse of the cat’s immune system. ...
between the 2 comparisons. Concerns
between the 2 comparisons. Concerns

... which for the most part are not yet standardized. We concur with Dr. Tamhane’s [1] position regarding the use of McNenar’s test for correlated proportions to compare the sensitivity of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube assay (Cellestis) with the sensitivity of the tuberculin skin test. McNemar’s test ...
Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Emerging Infectious Diseases at the Beginning of the 21st Century

... He died, but his companion, and the nurse caring for both of direct contact with them, recovered (WHO, 2005a). In 1980, Marburg virus infected body fluids infection was next recognized when an index patient became from animals and ill in western Kenya, followed by secondary illness of the humans... ...
Full text in pdf format
Full text in pdf format

... After 2 to 4 d an extensive cytopathic effect (CPE) was demonstrated in samples from 2 of 7 fish. The CPE-causing agent was identified as infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) as revealed by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test for IPNV. This early IPNV-related CPE made isolation of ric ...
REVIEWS - Jared Diamond
REVIEWS - Jared Diamond

... presumably have suffered for millions of years, from infectious diseases similar or identical to diseases of other wild primate populations. However, the most important infectious diseases of modern food-producing human populations also include diseases that could have emerged only within the past 1 ...
VHPB - Malta 22-23 October 2001
VHPB - Malta 22-23 October 2001

... • less pain for children, and parents save time and money • high willingness to pay for reduction from 4 to 3 and 2 to 1 injections • Complexity of health insurance. EU ...
REPORTABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MICHIGAN
REPORTABLE INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN MICHIGAN

... poor sanitary conditions. In the U.S., a higher rate of infection has been observed in immigrants from developing countries and in people who have traveled to endemic areas. Institutionalized individuals with poor sanitary conditions and men who have sex with men are also at increased risk. Period o ...
Hepatitis B among Asian Americans
Hepatitis B among Asian Americans

... immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, and ...
Reportable Infectious Diseases
Reportable Infectious Diseases

... ► OSHA ...
Bloodborne infections - Scioto County Medical Society
Bloodborne infections - Scioto County Medical Society

... All containers of regulated waste, refrigerators, and freezers containing blood and other potentially infectious material and other containers used to store, transport, or ship blood or other potentially infectious material should be clearly labeled with an international biohazard label symbol or pl ...
Helicobacter pylori: hiding in the modern miasma
Helicobacter pylori: hiding in the modern miasma

... bacteriologists and pathologists identified bacterial colonies associated with ulcer tissue samples on several occasions.5 However, H. pylori was not successfully cultured until 1982, by Drs. Barry Marshall and Robin Warren.2 The bacteria are especially difficult to culture even today because they g ...
File - Gulf Coast Maintenance
File - Gulf Coast Maintenance

...  No vaccine to prevent HCV. Cure may be achievable with medications taken daily for months.  Leading cause of cirrhosis & the leading cause of liver transplantation in the US  Of 100 persons infected with HCV about4: 75-85 persons develop long-term infection (chronic) 15-25 persons develop acute ...
Summary Wilderness Insect Repellents
Summary Wilderness Insect Repellents

...  Insect repellant: chemical or organic agent that makes atmosphere within 4 cm so noxious to insects that they are discourage from biting or contact  Insecticide: chemical or organic agent, often plant derived, that kills insects, usually by neurotoxin. o Why use insect repellants  3 major reason ...
evaluation of safety of malaysian isolate infectious bursal disease
evaluation of safety of malaysian isolate infectious bursal disease

... monitored weekly for body weight and some were culled to monitor bursal weight. The results from this study revealed that both vaccinated and control-unvaccinated groups showed no significant changes in the growth performance indicating that IBDV of Malaysian strain 9050/93 is safe to be used as vac ...
Update on Infectious Enterocolitides
Update on Infectious Enterocolitides

... • Available resources/techniques that aid in diagnosis may be limited/unavailable, expensive, or unknown to pathologist • Lack of pertinent history • Patient given abx before biopsy procedure ...
DownLoad - 口腔病理科教學網
DownLoad - 口腔病理科教學網

...  Some diseases, such as syphilis & leprosy(麻瘋), for which the causative bacterium has not yet been cultured ...
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African trypanosomiasis



African trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. There are two types that infect humans, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T.b.g) and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.). T.b.g causes over 98% of reported cases. Both are usually transmitted by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural areas.Initially, in the first stage of the disease, there are fevers, headaches, itchiness, and joint pains. This begins one to three weeks after the bite. Weeks to months later the second stage begins with confusion, poor coordination, numbness and trouble sleeping. Diagnosis is via finding the parasite in a blood smear or in the fluid of a lymph node. A lumbar puncture is often needed to tell the difference between first and second stage disease.Prevention of severe disease involves screening the population at risk with blood tests for T.b.g. Treatment is easier when the disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur. Treatment of the first stage is with the medications pentamidine or suramin. Treatment of the second stage involves: eflornithine or a combination of nifurtimox and eflornithine for T.b.g. While melarsoprol works for both it is typically only used for T.b.r. due to serious side effects.The disease occurs regularly in some regions of sub-Saharan Africa with the population at risk being about 70 million in 36 countries. As of 2010 it caused around 9,000 deaths per year, down from 34,000 in 1990. An estimated 30,000 people are currently infected with 7000 new infections in 2012. More than 80% of these cases are in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Three major outbreaks have occurred in recent history: one from 1896 to 1906 primarily in Uganda and the Congo Basin and two in 1920 and 1970 in several African countries. Other animals, such as cows, may carry the disease and become infected.
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