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B. Agglutination reaction
B. Agglutination reaction

... A.Water is safe to be consumed B.Water is of doubtful quality C.Water is of highly doubtful quality D.Water is contaminated E.Water is highly conaminated 11. A patient had been provisionally diagnosed with syphilis. A laboratory assistant took the blood serum for an immunologic test based on the det ...
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... intermittent attacks of joint swelling and pain, primarily in large joints, especially the knee. After several brief attacks of arthritis, some patients may have persistent joint inflammation. In about 10% of patients the arthritis persists in the knees for months or even several years even after tr ...
malignant catarrhal fever - European Association of Zoo and Wildlife
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... calves estimated to be 1 week of age or less. Transmission of AlHV-1 from wildebeest to other susceptible species occurs primarily by inhalation of aerosol droplets or ingestion of food or forage contaminated with AlHV-1 in nasal and ocular secretions. Transmission of OvHV-2 among sheep is still con ...
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... and wheezing. chest pains, fever, and fatigue.  In addition, bronchitis caused by Adenovirus may cause systemic and gastrointestinal symptoms.  the coughs due to bronchitis can continue for up to three weeks or more even after all other symptoms have subsided ...
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High School Infectious Disease Virtual Field Trip

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... Although V. vulnificus infection is diagnosed by routine stool, wound or blood culture, laboratories should be notified when this infection is suspected so that a special growth medium can be used to increase the diagnostic yield. ...
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Schistosomiasis



Schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, snail fever, and Katayama fever, is a disease caused by parasitic worms of the Schistosoma type. It may infect the urinary tract or the intestines. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool, or blood in the urine. In those who have been infected for a long time, liver damage, kidney failure, infertility, or bladder cancer may occur. In children it may cause poor growth and learning difficulty.The disease is spread by contact with water contaminated with the parasites. These parasites are released from infected freshwater snails. The disease is especially common among children in developing countries as they are more likely to play in contaminated water. Other high risk groups include farmers, fishermen, and people using unclean water for their daily chores. It belongs to the group of helminth infections. Diagnosis is by finding the eggs of the parasite in a person's urine or stool. It can also be confirmed by finding antibodies against the disease in the blood.Methods to prevent the disease include improving access to clean water and reducing the number of snails. In areas where the disease is common entire groups may be treated all at once and yearly with the medication praziquantel. This is done to decrease the number of people infected and therefore decrease the spread of the disease. Praziquantel is also the treatment recommended by the World Health Organization for those who are known to be infected.Schistosomiasis affects almost 210 million people worldwide, and an estimated 12,000 to 200,000 people die from it a year. The disease is most commonly found in Africa, as well as Asia and South America. Around 700 million people, in more than 70 countries, live in areas where the disease is common. Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria, as a parasitic disease with the greatest economic impact. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.
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