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Lab Manual Yr 1 organic
Lab Manual Yr 1 organic

... differentiate between a saturated and an unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon. If the substance is an alkane, almost no reaction occurs. However, in the presence of light or sunlight, bromine will decolourise slowly as substitution reaction is taking place and hydrogen bromide is liberated. To test for ...
Liquid chromatography: a tool for the analysis of metal species
Liquid chromatography: a tool for the analysis of metal species

... OA-PAK-A 30037.8 mm). An eluent containing 0.75 mM sulfuric acid, 2 mM tartaric acid, 7.5% methanol has allowed the separation of mono- and divalent cations in about 25 min. As an alternative way to simultaneously determine mono- and divalent cations, a column switching (dual column) technique was r ...
International Journal of
International Journal of

... heterocycle, it has reactive sites which allow for functionalization. The main objective of the synthetic chemistry and medicinal chemistry is to synthesize the compounds that give more yield with purity and show promising activity as therapeutic agents with lower to ...
Gas Chromatography
Gas Chromatography

... column used in distillation). The instrument used to perform gas chromatography is called a gas chromatograph (or "aerograph", "gas separator"). The gaseous compounds being analyzed interact with the walls of the column, which is coated with different stationary phases. This causes each compound to ...
ert207 analytical chemistry
ert207 analytical chemistry

... a solid through which the sample is passed (stationary phase) to separate a mixture into desired and undesired components. • The result either - desired analytes of interest or undesired impurities in the sample are retained on the stationary phase. ...
Separation and Purification Methods
Separation and Purification Methods

... The effect of temperature on the volatility of compounds is well-known, but the impact of reduced pressure is much less appreciated. However, distillation at reduced pressure, or vacuum distillation, brings many advantages. For example, consider a liquid that has a boiling point of 180◦ C at atmosph ...
Data Analysis
Data Analysis

Paper chromatography
Paper chromatography

... • The mobile phase may be a gas or liquid. • The mobile phase is then passed through another phase called stationary phase. • The stationary phase may be a solid packed in a glass ...
lab-6-chrmatography
lab-6-chrmatography

... In that sense, TCL can also be used to determine the number of components in a mixture.  Are these compounds identical? TLC can be used to confirm whether two or more compounds are identical or not. The compounds to be analyzed are spotted on the same plate and the plate developed. If the compounds ...
Chromatography
Chromatography

... • The mobile phase may be a gas or liquid. • The mobile phase is then passed through another phase called stationary phase. • The stationary phase may be a solid packed in a glass ...
1

Countercurrent chromatography



Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is a liquid chromatography technique that uses two immiscible liquid phases and no solid support. One liquid acts as the stationary phase and the other as the mobile phase. In Dual Flow CCC/CPC both liquid phases are flowing, as would be common in counter current process extractors. The liquid stationary phase(s) is held in place by gravity or by centrifugal force. The gravity method is called droplet counter current chromatography (DCCC). There are two modes of centrifugal force CCC: hydrostatic and hydrodynamic. In the hydrostatic method, the column is spun about a central axis. These devices are marketed under the commercial name centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). Dynamic mode is often called high-speed CCC (HSCCC) and relies on the Archimedes' screw force in a helical coil to produce the separation.
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