Transaction-oriented library for persistent objects with applications
... static Node head, tail; static void addLine (String s) { transaction { Node node = new Node(s); if (head == null) head = tail = node; else { tail.next = node; // Crash in the middle of a transaction. if (node.num == 4) throw new Error(); tail = node; ...
... static Node head, tail; static void addLine (String s) { transaction { Node node = new Node(s); if (head == null) head = tail = node; else { tail.next = node; // Crash in the middle of a transaction. if (node.num == 4) throw new Error(); tail = node; ...
BUILDING GRANULARITY IN HIGHLY ABSTRACT PARALLEL
... 3.1. Parallel Programming Models Classification. Models could be classified based on their order of abstraction, in the following categories [10]: (1): Models that abstract from parallelism completely. Such models describe only the purpose of a program and not how it is to achieve this purpose. Soft ...
... 3.1. Parallel Programming Models Classification. Models could be classified based on their order of abstraction, in the following categories [10]: (1): Models that abstract from parallelism completely. Such models describe only the purpose of a program and not how it is to achieve this purpose. Soft ...
Instruction Set Principles
... computer that a machine language programmer must understand to write a correct (timing independent) program for that machine. • The instruction set architecture is also the machine description that a hardware designer must understand to design a correct implementation of the computer. ...
... computer that a machine language programmer must understand to write a correct (timing independent) program for that machine. • The instruction set architecture is also the machine description that a hardware designer must understand to design a correct implementation of the computer. ...
What is a Computer?
... • Multiprogramming (Many jobs or tasks sharing computer resources) • Timesharing – Run small portion of one user’s job, move onto next user – Programs appear to be running simultaneously ...
... • Multiprogramming (Many jobs or tasks sharing computer resources) • Timesharing – Run small portion of one user’s job, move onto next user – Programs appear to be running simultaneously ...
Document
... that exposed only the API needed for a prioritybased scheduler and whose implementation was also optimized for priority-based schedulers. ...
... that exposed only the API needed for a prioritybased scheduler and whose implementation was also optimized for priority-based schedulers. ...
annotated
... The second important question is how data is transferred between a device and memory. Under programmed I/O, it’s all up to a user program or the operating system. — The CPU makes a request and then waits for the device to become ready (e.g., to move the disk head). — Buses are only 32-64 bits wi ...
... The second important question is how data is transferred between a device and memory. Under programmed I/O, it’s all up to a user program or the operating system. — The CPU makes a request and then waits for the device to become ready (e.g., to move the disk head). — Buses are only 32-64 bits wi ...
Ex02
... public static void main(String[] args) { try { // this could be changed to an IP name or address other than the localhost Socket sock = new Socket("127.0.0.1",6013); InputStream in = sock.getInputStream(); BufferedReader bin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); String line; ...
... public static void main(String[] args) { try { // this could be changed to an IP name or address other than the localhost Socket sock = new Socket("127.0.0.1",6013); InputStream in = sock.getInputStream(); BufferedReader bin = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); String line; ...
CS 390 Unix Programming Environment
... One of the primary desire of having an operating system is to shield programmers from the complexity of the hardware • OS is a layer that sits on top on hardware • OS provides an interface or virtual machine that is easy to understand and program ...
... One of the primary desire of having an operating system is to shield programmers from the complexity of the hardware • OS is a layer that sits on top on hardware • OS provides an interface or virtual machine that is easy to understand and program ...
Document
... is a single chip (integrated circuit) that contains the entire central processing unit of a computer It contains the equivalent of 2300 transistors and was a 4 bit processor ...
... is a single chip (integrated circuit) that contains the entire central processing unit of a computer It contains the equivalent of 2300 transistors and was a 4 bit processor ...
Document
... Because of the FPGA chip, or Field Programmable Gate Array chip. An FPGA is a class of integrated circuits for which the logic function is defined by the customer after the IC has been manufactured and delivered to the end user. FPGA’s allow users to implement their algorithms at the chip level, as ...
... Because of the FPGA chip, or Field Programmable Gate Array chip. An FPGA is a class of integrated circuits for which the logic function is defined by the customer after the IC has been manufactured and delivered to the end user. FPGA’s allow users to implement their algorithms at the chip level, as ...
characterization of distributed systems
... synchronized in such a way that its data remains consistent. Concurrency can be achieved by standard techniques such as semaphores, which are used in most operating systems. ...
... synchronized in such a way that its data remains consistent. Concurrency can be achieved by standard techniques such as semaphores, which are used in most operating systems. ...
by George Kyriazis, AMD
... parallel numeric processing for a wide range of applications. However, programming these devices along with the on-chip CPU has been a hurdle. A new architectural concept for both hardware and software promises a smoother path to code development. by George Kyriazis, AMD GPUs have transitioned in re ...
... parallel numeric processing for a wide range of applications. However, programming these devices along with the on-chip CPU has been a hurdle. A new architectural concept for both hardware and software promises a smoother path to code development. by George Kyriazis, AMD GPUs have transitioned in re ...
12. Parallel computing on Grids - Department of Computer Science
... • Several MPI implementations exist for the grid • PACX MPI (Stutgart): – Runs on heterogeneous systems ...
... • Several MPI implementations exist for the grid • PACX MPI (Stutgart): – Runs on heterogeneous systems ...
Lecture 1 - Salim Arfaoui
... • Some devices such as disk drives perform input and output and are called I/O devices. ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved. ...
... • Some devices such as disk drives perform input and output and are called I/O devices. ©2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ. All Rights Reserved. ...
arduino powerpoint
... What is the difference? A microprocessor is an IC which has only the Central Processing Unit inside them. They only have processing powers. Microprocessors don’t have RAM, ROM, and other peripheral on the chip. A system designer has to add them externally to make them functional. Once again, the pre ...
... What is the difference? A microprocessor is an IC which has only the Central Processing Unit inside them. They only have processing powers. Microprocessors don’t have RAM, ROM, and other peripheral on the chip. A system designer has to add them externally to make them functional. Once again, the pre ...
Introduction to Unix (CA263) Computing With Unix
... Computer Classifications • Computers are generally classified into three categories: supercomputers, mainframes and workstations. – Supercomputers handles complicated problems in high-level engineering and scientific enterprises. – Mainframe computers supply services for many users in industry. (e. ...
... Computer Classifications • Computers are generally classified into three categories: supercomputers, mainframes and workstations. – Supercomputers handles complicated problems in high-level engineering and scientific enterprises. – Mainframe computers supply services for many users in industry. (e. ...
Spark
... • Wide dependencies: each partition of the parent RDD is used by multiple child partitions Require data from all parent partitions to be available and to be shuffled across the nodes using a MapReducelike operation. ...
... • Wide dependencies: each partition of the parent RDD is used by multiple child partitions Require data from all parent partitions to be available and to be shuffled across the nodes using a MapReducelike operation. ...
ppt - ECE
... Programs must be stored in fast memory when they are being executed The memory contains a large number of semiconductor storage cells, each containing a bit The unit of memory access is a byte or a word, not a bit To provide easy access to any byte/word, a distinct address is associated with each by ...
... Programs must be stored in fast memory when they are being executed The memory contains a large number of semiconductor storage cells, each containing a bit The unit of memory access is a byte or a word, not a bit To provide easy access to any byte/word, a distinct address is associated with each by ...
Document
... then sending appropriate control signals to the components that will carry them out. As soon as one instruction has been executed, the control unit moves on to deal with the next. Once processing of a program has started, there is no need for human intervention unless some interactive input is requi ...
... then sending appropriate control signals to the components that will carry them out. As soon as one instruction has been executed, the control unit moves on to deal with the next. Once processing of a program has started, there is no need for human intervention unless some interactive input is requi ...
Topic 1
... If a process modifies a byte in its own address space, it will not modify the address space of another process. ...
... If a process modifies a byte in its own address space, it will not modify the address space of another process. ...
ppt
... If a process modifies a byte in its own address space, it will not modify the address space of another process. ...
... If a process modifies a byte in its own address space, it will not modify the address space of another process. ...
Supercomputer architecture
Approaches to supercomputer architecture have taken dramatic turns since the earliest systems were introduced in the 1960s. Early supercomputer architectures pioneered by Seymour Cray relied on compact innovative designs and local parallelism to achieve superior computational peak performance. However, in time the demand for increased computational power ushered in the age of massively parallel systems.While the supercomputers of the 1970s used only a few processors, in the 1990s, machines with thousands of processors began to appear and by the end of the 20th century, massively parallel supercomputers with tens of thousands of ""off-the-shelf"" processors were the norm. Supercomputers of the 21st century can use over 100,000 processors (some being graphic units) connected by fast connections.Throughout the decades, the management of heat density has remained a key issue for most centralized supercomputers. The large amount of heat generated by a system may also have other effects, such as reducing the lifetime of other system components. There have been diverse approaches to heat management, from pumping Fluorinert through the system, to a hybrid liquid-air cooling system or air cooling with normal air conditioning temperatures.Systems with a massive number of processors generally take one of two paths: in one approach, e.g., in grid computing the processing power of a large number of computers in distributed, diverse administrative domains, is opportunistically used whenever a computer is available. In another approach, a large number of processors are used in close proximity to each other, e.g., in a computer cluster. In such a centralized massively parallel system the speed and flexibility of the interconnect becomes very important, and modern supercomputers have used various approaches ranging from enhanced Infiniband systems to three-dimensional torus interconnects.