Power Relations and American Macroeconomic Policy, from .
... the stabilisation of inflation, the consolidation of the floating dollar Standard and the victory in the internal and external power conflicts, domestic macroeconomic policies again turned to recover growth and the attainment of more socially tolerable levels of unemployment. In the external front, ...
... the stabilisation of inflation, the consolidation of the floating dollar Standard and the victory in the internal and external power conflicts, domestic macroeconomic policies again turned to recover growth and the attainment of more socially tolerable levels of unemployment. In the external front, ...
New Consensus - Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
... (ii) Monetary policy can be used to meet the objective of low rates of inflation (which are always desirable in this view, since low, and stable, rates of inflation are conducive to healthy growth rates).2 However, monetary policy should not be operated by politicians but by experts (whether banks, ...
... (ii) Monetary policy can be used to meet the objective of low rates of inflation (which are always desirable in this view, since low, and stable, rates of inflation are conducive to healthy growth rates).2 However, monetary policy should not be operated by politicians but by experts (whether banks, ...
Document
... The price of compact discs is determined by the demand and supply of compact discs in the market for compact discs. The interest rate (the price of borrowing or lending money) is determined by the supply and demand for money in the market for money. In both cases, the price is determined by the fact ...
... The price of compact discs is determined by the demand and supply of compact discs in the market for compact discs. The interest rate (the price of borrowing or lending money) is determined by the supply and demand for money in the market for money. In both cases, the price is determined by the fact ...
Why YOU Should Trade CME Currency Futures Instead
... orders executed at better rates in the cash FX market or the CME electronic futures markets? As a CTA, my programs have been trading currencies in their portfolios since late 2003. When trading Euro FX, with on-shore and off-shore clients, the average trade size from late 2003 to the present is the ...
... orders executed at better rates in the cash FX market or the CME electronic futures markets? As a CTA, my programs have been trading currencies in their portfolios since late 2003. When trading Euro FX, with on-shore and off-shore clients, the average trade size from late 2003 to the present is the ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INTEREST RATE DETERMINATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
... here combines elements of the closed—economy and open—economy models, and thus is able to incorporate the influences of foreign interest rates, expected changes in exchange rates, and monetary developments on domestic interest rates. An interesting feature of the resulting model is that the approxim ...
... here combines elements of the closed—economy and open—economy models, and thus is able to incorporate the influences of foreign interest rates, expected changes in exchange rates, and monetary developments on domestic interest rates. An interesting feature of the resulting model is that the approxim ...
Part 5 Clearing and settlement facilities
... (2) For paragraph 12BAB (18) (i) of the Act, the conduct of: (a) the Stock Exchange of Newcastle Limited, or an agent of that body; or (b) a participant of the Stock Exchange of Newcastle Limited, or an agent of the participant; or (c) Bendigo Stock Exchange Limited, or an agent of that body; or (d) ...
... (2) For paragraph 12BAB (18) (i) of the Act, the conduct of: (a) the Stock Exchange of Newcastle Limited, or an agent of that body; or (b) a participant of the Stock Exchange of Newcastle Limited, or an agent of the participant; or (c) Bendigo Stock Exchange Limited, or an agent of that body; or (d) ...
Document
... • While the two measures of inflation tend to rise and fall together, they often give different results – Inflation based on the BEA’s index is generally lower than inflation based on CPI – Still, because the CPI is based on a different set of data, and because it includes some goods ignored by othe ...
... • While the two measures of inflation tend to rise and fall together, they often give different results – Inflation based on the BEA’s index is generally lower than inflation based on CPI – Still, because the CPI is based on a different set of data, and because it includes some goods ignored by othe ...
National income accounting:
... 2A. In the Keynesian model for a closed economy, what is the effect of expansionary fiscal policy (a higher G or a lower T) on the real interest rate, private investment, output, and private consumption in the short run (when the price level is assumed to be fixed)? Assume a simple Keynesian consump ...
... 2A. In the Keynesian model for a closed economy, what is the effect of expansionary fiscal policy (a higher G or a lower T) on the real interest rate, private investment, output, and private consumption in the short run (when the price level is assumed to be fixed)? Assume a simple Keynesian consump ...
International transmission of anticipated inflation under alternative
... which a flexible exchange rate may insulate an economy from foreign disturbances are important issues for today’s monetary policymakers. This paper addresses the macroeconomic connections between countries by highlighting the role of anticipated inflation in the international transmission of monetar ...
... which a flexible exchange rate may insulate an economy from foreign disturbances are important issues for today’s monetary policymakers. This paper addresses the macroeconomic connections between countries by highlighting the role of anticipated inflation in the international transmission of monetar ...
ESSAYS ON FLEXIBLE EXCHANGE RATES By Paul Robin Krugman
... who regard the exchange rate as (nothing but) the relative price of two monies, and those who regard it as (also) the relative price of domestic and foreign goods. ...
... who regard the exchange rate as (nothing but) the relative price of two monies, and those who regard it as (also) the relative price of domestic and foreign goods. ...
Exchange rate risk and internationally diversified
... acquisition in that country when exchange rates are volatile. By comparison, any subsequent acquisitions in this country should yield very limited gains because of high positive asset correlation. In fact, it is conceivable that the positive correlation among these assets is so high that, for purpos ...
... acquisition in that country when exchange rates are volatile. By comparison, any subsequent acquisitions in this country should yield very limited gains because of high positive asset correlation. In fact, it is conceivable that the positive correlation among these assets is so high that, for purpos ...
PDF
... verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
Two Packs of Cigarettes Say They Don`t Make It Out Of The Forest
... Aggregate Demand Curve. The aggregate demand curve is derived in the following manner. Taking the IS curve and plotting along axes of the interest rate (r) and aggregate output (Q)--we see that it is downward sloping. By overlaying various LM Curves consistent with various price levels in the econom ...
... Aggregate Demand Curve. The aggregate demand curve is derived in the following manner. Taking the IS curve and plotting along axes of the interest rate (r) and aggregate output (Q)--we see that it is downward sloping. By overlaying various LM Curves consistent with various price levels in the econom ...
Fluctuations in the Yen/Dollar Exchange Rate, East Asian Business
... dollar while many Asian countries sank into a serious export slump (Ito et al. 1998; Ogawa 2002). Some observers further claim that the Asian countries’ unofficial dollar pegs have been revived in recent years. In their view, therefore, the state of affairs in which the capricious yen-dollar rate p ...
... dollar while many Asian countries sank into a serious export slump (Ito et al. 1998; Ogawa 2002). Some observers further claim that the Asian countries’ unofficial dollar pegs have been revived in recent years. In their view, therefore, the state of affairs in which the capricious yen-dollar rate p ...
Not So Disconnected: Exchange Rates and the Capital Stock∗
... from the rest of the world. However, a low output of nontraded goods in a large country simultaneously triggers a rise in the world market price of traded goods, while a low output of nontraded goods in a small country does not. As a consequence, the currencies of more systemic countries tend to app ...
... from the rest of the world. However, a low output of nontraded goods in a large country simultaneously triggers a rise in the world market price of traded goods, while a low output of nontraded goods in a small country does not. As a consequence, the currencies of more systemic countries tend to app ...
Aggregate Demand II: Applying the IS-LM Model
... – use it to buy foreign currency, – thereby making the domestic currency cheaper relative to the foreign currency, – thereby stimulating exports, – thereby ending the recession! ...
... – use it to buy foreign currency, – thereby making the domestic currency cheaper relative to the foreign currency, – thereby stimulating exports, – thereby ending the recession! ...
Solutions - University of California, Berkeley
... that changes the way that firms set their prices. The fall in productivity means that firms produce less with the same amount of inputs, so firm costs are higher. This means that firms increase their prices more, and so inflation today increases. In our IA-AD figure this unfavorable inflation shock ...
... that changes the way that firms set their prices. The fall in productivity means that firms produce less with the same amount of inputs, so firm costs are higher. This means that firms increase their prices more, and so inflation today increases. In our IA-AD figure this unfavorable inflation shock ...
big mac index and effective exchange rates: the us dollar, the euro
... perspective of the given currency. An EER is deemed to be a more effective way to measure a given currency’s value than a bilateral exchange rate between the given currency and another individual currency (Chinn, 2006). With an EER and a standard of intrinsic foreign exchange (FX) value, like purcha ...
... perspective of the given currency. An EER is deemed to be a more effective way to measure a given currency’s value than a bilateral exchange rate between the given currency and another individual currency (Chinn, 2006). With an EER and a standard of intrinsic foreign exchange (FX) value, like purcha ...
PDF
... could bring about internal nnd external balance. First, a reduction in absorption and, second, a 1'!.,•• , devaluation (where the price of non"traded goods would faU relative to tbeprice of traded goods) (Salter 1959; Dornbusch 1980). In China, instrulnenls such as government spending can be used to ...
... could bring about internal nnd external balance. First, a reduction in absorption and, second, a 1'!.,•• , devaluation (where the price of non"traded goods would faU relative to tbeprice of traded goods) (Salter 1959; Dornbusch 1980). In China, instrulnenls such as government spending can be used to ...
Chapter 3
... • Factor, or input markets allow owners of land, labor and capital to sell these resources to organizations that will transform them into goods. • Product, or output markets allow organizations to sell their goods and services to consumers. ...
... • Factor, or input markets allow owners of land, labor and capital to sell these resources to organizations that will transform them into goods. • Product, or output markets allow organizations to sell their goods and services to consumers. ...
Student Economic Review, Vol. 20, 2006, pg. 175 Senior Sophister
... its underpinning logic. From there, I develop a reasoning of the consequences of EMU with regard to inflation and its divergence within the Eurozone. I then go on to discuss the nature of inflation differentials across the Eurozone, the patterns which can be observed and why monetary policy at Euroz ...
... its underpinning logic. From there, I develop a reasoning of the consequences of EMU with regard to inflation and its divergence within the Eurozone. I then go on to discuss the nature of inflation differentials across the Eurozone, the patterns which can be observed and why monetary policy at Euroz ...
Comparing the monetary transmission mechanism in France
... exports and imports. Other factors such as supply-side shifts may also cause the real exchange rate to shift. So it is not easy to trace the relationships between the real exchange rate, activity and prices. Whatever the shock and its effect, we might expect a more open economy to be more exposed to ...
... exports and imports. Other factors such as supply-side shifts may also cause the real exchange rate to shift. So it is not easy to trace the relationships between the real exchange rate, activity and prices. Whatever the shock and its effect, we might expect a more open economy to be more exposed to ...
On The Derivation and Consistent Use of Growth and Discount
... rates for earnings were derived. From the theory of intertemporal utility maximization the discrete time and continuous time interest rates were derived. Whenthe discrete time earnings growth rate and the discrete time interest rate were combined with a discrete time growth model in order to calcula ...
... rates for earnings were derived. From the theory of intertemporal utility maximization the discrete time and continuous time interest rates were derived. Whenthe discrete time earnings growth rate and the discrete time interest rate were combined with a discrete time growth model in order to calcula ...
Exchange rate
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In finance, an exchange rate (also known as a foreign-exchange rate, forex rate, FX rate or Agio) between two currencies is the rate at which one currency will be exchanged for another. It is also regarded as the value of one country’s currency in terms of another currency. For example, an interbank exchange rate of 119 Japanese yen (JPY, ¥) to the United States dollar (US$) means that ¥119 will be exchanged for each US$1 or that US$1 will be exchanged for each ¥119. In this case it is said that the price of a dollar in terms of yen is ¥119, or equivalently that the price of a yen in terms of dollars is $1/119.Exchange rates are determined in the foreign exchange market, which is open to a wide range of different types of buyers and sellers where currency trading is continuous: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e. trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday. The spot exchange rate refers to the current exchange rate. The forward exchange rate refers to an exchange rate that is quoted and traded today but for delivery and payment on a specific future date.In the retail currency exchange market, a different buying rate and selling rate will be quoted by money dealers. Most trades are to or from the local currency. The buying rate is the rate at which money dealers will buy foreign currency, and the selling rate is the rate at which they will sell the currency. The quoted rates will incorporate an allowance for a dealer's margin (or profit) in trading, or else the margin may be recovered in the form of a commission or in some other way. Different rates may also be quoted for cash (usually notes only), a documentary form (such as traveler's cheques) or electronically (such as a credit card purchase). The higher rate on documentary transactions has been justified to compensate for the additional time and cost of clearing the document, while the cash is available for resale immediately. Some dealers on the other hand prefer documentary transactions because of the security concerns with cash.