3D simulation of a silicon quantum dot in
... e-mail: [email protected] G. Fiori e-mail: [email protected] G. Iannaccone e-mail: [email protected] ...
... e-mail: [email protected] G. Fiori e-mail: [email protected] G. Iannaccone e-mail: [email protected] ...
Effective Topological Field Theories in Condensed Matter Physics
... Effective Topological Field Theories in Condensed Matter Physics ...
... Effective Topological Field Theories in Condensed Matter Physics ...
A Functional Architecture for Scalable Quantum Computing
... usual Pauli matrices. The rotation angle θ may be implemented to high enough accuracy that gates are decoherence limited, i.e., it suffices to consider θ as exactly accurate, but with a limited gate fidelity due to finite qubit lifetimes. In practice a limited set of gates from this class are chosen ...
... usual Pauli matrices. The rotation angle θ may be implemented to high enough accuracy that gates are decoherence limited, i.e., it suffices to consider θ as exactly accurate, but with a limited gate fidelity due to finite qubit lifetimes. In practice a limited set of gates from this class are chosen ...
Easy understanding on Hanle effect No.1 atomic polarization and
... Rev. 1.2: 13 April 2009 Saku Tsuneta (NAOJ) ...
... Rev. 1.2: 13 April 2009 Saku Tsuneta (NAOJ) ...
Lecture 11 Identical particles
... Quantum statistics: remarks Within non-relativistic quantum mechanics, correlation between spin and statistics can be seen as an empirical law. However, the spin-statistics relation emerges naturally from the unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity. The rule that fermions have half- ...
... Quantum statistics: remarks Within non-relativistic quantum mechanics, correlation between spin and statistics can be seen as an empirical law. However, the spin-statistics relation emerges naturally from the unification of quantum mechanics and special relativity. The rule that fermions have half- ...
On the Investigation of Quantum Evolution of a
... the research of electromagnetic fields. Non-classical properties of light has been an active area of research since then. Also, need for quantization of light energy, around the beginning of the 20th century, prompted scientists to conceive of a very tiny amount of light energy, called a quantum of ...
... the research of electromagnetic fields. Non-classical properties of light has been an active area of research since then. Also, need for quantization of light energy, around the beginning of the 20th century, prompted scientists to conceive of a very tiny amount of light energy, called a quantum of ...
Quantum Physics 2005
... • This principle states that you cannot know both the position and momentum of a particle simultaneously to arbitrary accuracy. – There are many approaches to this idea. Here are two. • The act of measuring position requires that the particle intact with a probe, which imparts momentum to the partic ...
... • This principle states that you cannot know both the position and momentum of a particle simultaneously to arbitrary accuracy. – There are many approaches to this idea. Here are two. • The act of measuring position requires that the particle intact with a probe, which imparts momentum to the partic ...
tions processing as well as in quantum information processing. In anal
... Information is quantized in classical digital informations processing as well as in quantum information processing. In analogy to the classical bit, the elementary quantum of information in quantum information processing is called a qubit. In the first part of this chapter we will learn how qubits c ...
... Information is quantized in classical digital informations processing as well as in quantum information processing. In analogy to the classical bit, the elementary quantum of information in quantum information processing is called a qubit. In the first part of this chapter we will learn how qubits c ...
Document
... Weak measurements: from the 3-box problem to Hardy's Paradox to the which-path debate • The 3-box problem • Another case where airtight classical reasoning yields seemingly contradictory information • Experimental consequences of this information • Actual experiment! • Weak measurements shed light o ...
... Weak measurements: from the 3-box problem to Hardy's Paradox to the which-path debate • The 3-box problem • Another case where airtight classical reasoning yields seemingly contradictory information • Experimental consequences of this information • Actual experiment! • Weak measurements shed light o ...
Quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random secret key known only to them, which can then be used to encrypt and decrypt messages. It is often incorrectly called quantum cryptography, as it is the most well known example of the group of quantum cryptographic tasks.An important and unique property of quantum key distribution is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key. This results from a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics: the process of measuring a quantum system in general disturbs the system. A third party trying to eavesdrop on the key must in some way measure it, thus introducing detectable anomalies. By using quantum superpositions or quantum entanglement and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping. If the level of eavesdropping is below a certain threshold, a key can be produced that is guaranteed to be secure (i.e. the eavesdropper has no information about it), otherwise no secure key is possible and communication is aborted.The security of encryption that uses quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional public key cryptography which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping at any point in the communication process, or any mathematical proof as to the actual complexity of reversing the one-way functions used. QKD has provable security based on information theory, and forward secrecy.Quantum key distribution is only used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data. This key can then be used with any chosen encryption algorithm to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel. The algorithm most commonly associated with QKD is the one-time pad, as it is provably secure when used with a secret, random key. In real world situations, it is often also used with encryption using symmetric key algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard algorithm. In the case of QKD this comparison is based on the assumption of perfect single-photon sources and detectors, that cannot be easily implemented.