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(IS) Y
(IS) Y

... [email protected] Web: http://sites.google.com/site/huynhvanthinhsite http://sites.google.com/site/economicsfamily HUỲNH VĂN THỊNH [email protected] ...
1O >>Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
1O >>Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand

... At any given point in time, many of the costs producers face are fixed and can’t be changed for an extended period of time. Typically, the largest source of inflexible production cost is the wages paid to workers. Wages here refers to all forms of worker compensation, such as employer-paid health ca ...
The Conceptual Evolution of Inflation Inertia in Brazil
The Conceptual Evolution of Inflation Inertia in Brazil

... conceptual gap that appeared, following disinflation in 1994, between the stabilization debates carried out in the 1980s and the way economists in Brazil began to describe downwardly rigid inflation patterns from the 1990s onwards. More precisely, we explore the “inertial inflation episode” as a cha ...
Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply

... The Wealth Effect An increase in the aggregate price level, other things equal, reduces the purchasing power of many assets. Consider, for example, someone who has $5,000 in a bank account. If the aggregate price level were to rise by 25%, what used to cost $5,000 would now cost $6,250, and would no ...
Principles of Macroeconomics - Test Item File 1 Ninth Edition by
Principles of Macroeconomics - Test Item File 1 Ninth Edition by

... Chapter 1 Introduction to Macroeconomics 1) Which of the following is NOT a topic studied in Macroeconomics? A) gross domestic product B) the unemployment rate C) the price of IBM computers D) the inflation rate Answer: C 2) Which of the following is a topic studied in Macroeconomics? A) gross dome ...
Thinkwell`s Macroeconomics Please note: the transcripts are
Thinkwell`s Macroeconomics Please note: the transcripts are

... And the third question is, who is going to get it? That is, how will these goods and services be divided among all of the people in the economy, each of whom wants more? What will we produce? How will it be produced? And who will get it? These are the questions that economics asks. Economics also as ...
Inflation Inertia in Egypt and its Policy Implications
Inflation Inertia in Egypt and its Policy Implications

... zero sacrifice ratio―as long as its policy commitment to keep zero output gap in the future is credible for the private sector. However, there is consensus among economists that the NKPC cannot explain persistency in inflation data (for example, Fuhrer 2009, Rudd and Whelan 2006, and Rabanal and Rub ...
AD and AS test bank vers 2
AD and AS test bank vers 2

... 36. The model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply explains the relationship between a. the price and quantity of a particular good. b. unemployment and output. c. wages and employment. d. real GDP and the price level. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 33-2 TOP: Aggregate demand and supply model MSC: De ...
Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply

... and services whose prices have not fallen. The price of corn may have fallen, but the prices of wheat, sugar, tractors, steel, and most other goods or services produced in the economy are likely to have fallen as well. Furthermore, a reduction in the price level means that it is not just the prices ...
The symmetry of demand and supply shocks in the
The symmetry of demand and supply shocks in the

... the need for real exchange rate adjustment between member countries. The size, frequency and correlation of shocks depend among others on the intensity of trade and economic integration, structural specialization within the union and relative competitiveness of individual member countries. A smoothl ...
Core inflation: a critical guide
Core inflation: a critical guide

... The term ‘core inflation’ is widely used by academics and central bankers. But despite its prevalence, there is neither a commonly accepted theoretical definition nor an agreed method of measuring it. Some researchers, for example, have suggested that core inflation relates to the growth rate of the ...
CPA PassMaster Questions–Business 2 Export Date: 10/30/08
CPA PassMaster Questions–Business 2 Export Date: 10/30/08

... Choice "d" is correct. The business cycle is the rise and fall of economic activity relative to its long-term growth trend. During a contraction or a recession, most industries experience a decline in sales and profits. Similarly, during an expansion, most industries experience an increase in sales ...
Sample Chapter 28
Sample Chapter 28

... reflects the fact that all other factors held constant, a higher level of inflation will lead to lower planned spending and thus lower short-run equilibrium output. Again, a principal reason higher inflation reduces planned spending and output is that the Fed tends to react to increases in inflation ...
7 AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND AGGREGATE DEMAND*
7 AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND AGGREGATE DEMAND*

... 42) The short-run aggregate supply curve shifts because of changes in all of the following EXCEPT A) the capital stock. B) technological progress. C) money wage rates. D) the price level. Answer: D Topic: Changes in Money Wages and Other ...
Core Inflation: Concepts, Uses and Measurement
Core Inflation: Concepts, Uses and Measurement

... First, as Keynes notes “[c]hanges in relative prices may, of course, affect partial indexnumbers which represent price changes in particular classes of things, e.g. the index of the cost of living of the working classes.”12 Since all price indices produced by statistical agencies can be regarded as ...
aggregate demand and aggregate supply
aggregate demand and aggregate supply

... Thus far we have found that changes in the price level cause changes in the level of spending by domestic consumers, businesses, government and foreign buyers in such a way that we can predict changes in the amount of real domestic output; that is, an increase in the price level, other things being ...
Exploring the Dynamics of Global Liquidity
Exploring the Dynamics of Global Liquidity

... contributing to the build-up of risks to financial stability and be affected by them in return. While central bank injection of base money plays an important role in liquidity creation, flows in global liquidity are also driven by growth differentials, financial innovation, and market participants’ ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from

... been positive. Average inflation in both emerging markets and developed economies is substantially lower after the adoption of the inflationtargeting regime than immediately before its adoption (Figure I).1 However, emerging market economies (EMEs) have had a relatively worse performance. In these c ...
ec onomic s - chrisbonline.com
ec onomic s - chrisbonline.com

... Another way in which you can practise applying economic ideas to practical situations is to think about how economics helps us to interpret events that occur in the world around us. To help you in this, the Sloman website at www.pearsoned.co.uk/sloman contains hot links to a wide range of articles t ...
Inflation targeting, economic performance, and income distribution: a
Inflation targeting, economic performance, and income distribution: a

... “emerging market economies have had a relatively worse performance.” In short, as Bernanke et al. (1999, p. 288) put it, “[o]ne of the main benefits of inflation targets is that they may help to ‘lock in’ earlier disinflationary gains, particularly in the face of one-time inflationary shocks. . . . ...
Aggregate Supply
Aggregate Supply

... relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of aggregate output supplied that exists in the short run, the period when many production costs can be taken as fixed. 4. The short-run aggregate supply curve is positively sloped indicating that as the aggregate price level increases, ...
Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand

... the highestscoring hockey player of all time? Talent, discipline, and hard work, of course. Some say his greatness came from following this father’s advice: “Skate to where the puck is going, not to where it is.” By anticipating the play — seeing two steps ahead — Gretzky was able to be in the right ...
Aggregate Demand Aggregate demand
Aggregate Demand Aggregate demand

... the difference between short-run and long-run macroeconomic equilibrium. ...
Aggregate Demand and Supply Aggregate Demand and
Aggregate Demand and Supply Aggregate Demand and

... of economics was Adam Smith. Exhibit 5 uses the aggregate demand and supply model to illustrate the classical view that the aggregate supply curve, AS, is a vertical line at the full-employment output of $10 trillion. The vertical shape of the classical aggregate supply curve is based on two assumpt ...
Economics R. Glenn Hubbard, Anthony Patrick O’Brien, 2e.
Economics R. Glenn Hubbard, Anthony Patrick O’Brien, 2e.

1 2 3 4 5 ... 138 >

Deflation

In economics, deflation is a decrease in the general price level of goods and services. Deflation occurs when the inflation rate falls below 0% (a negative inflation rate). This should not be confused with disinflation, a slow-down in the inflation rate (i.e., when inflation declines to lower levels). Inflation reduces the real value of money over time; conversely, deflation increases the real value of money –- the currency of a national or regional economy. This allows one to buy more goods with the same amount of money over time.Economists generally believe that deflation is a problem in a modern economy because it increases the real value of debt, and may aggravate recessions and lead to a deflationary spiral.Although the values of capital assets are often casually said to ""deflate"" when they decline, this should not be confused with deflation as a defined term; a more accurate description for a decrease in the value of a capital asset is economic depreciation (which should not be confused with the accounting convention of depreciation, which are standards to determine a decrease in values of capital assets when market values are not readily available or practical).
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