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... The Chinese economy continues to grow very dynamically at rates around 10 percent per year. The objective of the government to decrease income disparity between rural and urban areas and the strong rise in retail trade sales suggest that the increases in private consumption will be able to compensat ...
... The Chinese economy continues to grow very dynamically at rates around 10 percent per year. The objective of the government to decrease income disparity between rural and urban areas and the strong rise in retail trade sales suggest that the increases in private consumption will be able to compensat ...
Optimal simple and implementable monetary and fiscal rules
... economies with nominal rigidities.1 Most of these studies are conducted in the context of highly stylized theoretical and policy environments. For instance, in much of this body of work it is assumed that the government has access to a subsidy to factor inputs, financed with lump-sum taxes, aimed at ...
... economies with nominal rigidities.1 Most of these studies are conducted in the context of highly stylized theoretical and policy environments. For instance, in much of this body of work it is assumed that the government has access to a subsidy to factor inputs, financed with lump-sum taxes, aimed at ...
Financial Markets
... The course has been developed to include the following innovative content: Key concepts of financial markets, which are explained from an applied perspective, including with examples and problems from current financial markets practices from EU integration and development perspective; Analytical ...
... The course has been developed to include the following innovative content: Key concepts of financial markets, which are explained from an applied perspective, including with examples and problems from current financial markets practices from EU integration and development perspective; Analytical ...
PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 1
... (a) How many organs are supplied at a zero price? (b) If the News on page 66 is correct, how many organs would be supplied at positive prices? LO3-1 9. The goal of the price cut described in the News on page 51, was to (select one—enter letter) ...
... (a) How many organs are supplied at a zero price? (b) If the News on page 66 is correct, how many organs would be supplied at positive prices? LO3-1 9. The goal of the price cut described in the News on page 51, was to (select one—enter letter) ...
FISCAL AND MONETARY POLICY INTERACTIONS: A GAME
... • open market operations. Compulsory deposit requirements are deposits (in percentage terms) which commercial banks must hold in reserve with the central bank. This measure aims to reduce the risk of banks overextending themselves and suffering from bank runs. In addition, compulsory deposits regula ...
... • open market operations. Compulsory deposit requirements are deposits (in percentage terms) which commercial banks must hold in reserve with the central bank. This measure aims to reduce the risk of banks overextending themselves and suffering from bank runs. In addition, compulsory deposits regula ...
AEGON
... Netherlands Starting with the second quarter of 2007, AEGON will change the accounting principles it uses to value guarantees on certain products in the Netherlands. This change will ensure AEGON’s financial statements better reflect the economic matching of its assets and liabilities. Jos Streppel, ...
... Netherlands Starting with the second quarter of 2007, AEGON will change the accounting principles it uses to value guarantees on certain products in the Netherlands. This change will ensure AEGON’s financial statements better reflect the economic matching of its assets and liabilities. Jos Streppel, ...
Unit 3 Review Answers
... B. increases the value of future obligations. C. increases certainty about the future. D. helps lenders. E. harms borrowers. ____ 47. You have gone to the bank to borrow money for one year. The nominal rate is 7.5%. The real rate of interest is 4%. Over the course of the year, overall prices increas ...
... B. increases the value of future obligations. C. increases certainty about the future. D. helps lenders. E. harms borrowers. ____ 47. You have gone to the bank to borrow money for one year. The nominal rate is 7.5%. The real rate of interest is 4%. Over the course of the year, overall prices increas ...
Corporate Finance (Book 1)
... • Efficiency or activity ratios measure how efficiently and intensively a firm uses its assets to generate sales • Profitability ratios measure how efficiently a firm uses its assets and how efficiently a firm manages its operations • The focus is on the bottom line (i.e. net income) • Market-to-val ...
... • Efficiency or activity ratios measure how efficiently and intensively a firm uses its assets to generate sales • Profitability ratios measure how efficiently a firm uses its assets and how efficiently a firm manages its operations • The focus is on the bottom line (i.e. net income) • Market-to-val ...
a study of the long-term movement of the profit rate in
... Capitalism as a historical system rests upon the pursuit of profit and accumulation of capital. The profit rate is a central indicator that determines as well as reflects conditions of capitalist accumulation. Through accumulation, it in turn affects the general performance of the capitalist world-e ...
... Capitalism as a historical system rests upon the pursuit of profit and accumulation of capital. The profit rate is a central indicator that determines as well as reflects conditions of capitalist accumulation. Through accumulation, it in turn affects the general performance of the capitalist world-e ...
3 - NBP
... fluctuations resulting from shocks affecting the Polish economy. Therefore, euro entry bears the risk of an increase in the volatility of output, employment and consumption. The magnitude of the related cost will depend on the relative effectiveness of ECB monetary policy in stabilizing the economy ...
... fluctuations resulting from shocks affecting the Polish economy. Therefore, euro entry bears the risk of an increase in the volatility of output, employment and consumption. The magnitude of the related cost will depend on the relative effectiveness of ECB monetary policy in stabilizing the economy ...
Lecture 6 - Universität Bamberg
... Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Integration Europäischer Arbeitsmärkte Universität Bamberg | [email protected] | www.uni-bamberg.de/sowi/bruecker ...
... Lehrstuhl für Volkswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere Integration Europäischer Arbeitsmärkte Universität Bamberg | [email protected] | www.uni-bamberg.de/sowi/bruecker ...
In‡ation Targeting: Is the NKM …t for purpose? Peter N. Smith and
... and an output equation derived loosely from an inter-temporal model of the economy called the new “IS” function. This model is commonly known as the New Keynesian model (NKM).1 This re‡ects the introduction of price stickiness through a Phillips equation in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium ( ...
... and an output equation derived loosely from an inter-temporal model of the economy called the new “IS” function. This model is commonly known as the New Keynesian model (NKM).1 This re‡ects the introduction of price stickiness through a Phillips equation in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium ( ...
Advanced arithmetic
... ( 3 ) T h e value of a number is increased by placing a symbol of less value after one of greater value, as X I = 11, CX = 110. T h e less number is added to the greater number. ( 4 ) The value of a number is multiplied by 1000 by placing a bar over it, as C = 100,000, X = 10,000. 7. Among the ancie ...
... ( 3 ) T h e value of a number is increased by placing a symbol of less value after one of greater value, as X I = 11, CX = 110. T h e less number is added to the greater number. ( 4 ) The value of a number is multiplied by 1000 by placing a bar over it, as C = 100,000, X = 10,000. 7. Among the ancie ...
n ation, Stock Prices And Leverage In Emerging Markets:
... In the second panel of Table 4.1 the results from the benchmark regression are posted. Contemporaneous and lagged realized inflation is always significant, except when lagged two months. The sign is always negative: increasing inflation forecasts negative real earnings variations in the coming month ...
... In the second panel of Table 4.1 the results from the benchmark regression are posted. Contemporaneous and lagged realized inflation is always significant, except when lagged two months. The sign is always negative: increasing inflation forecasts negative real earnings variations in the coming month ...
AEGON withstands market turmoil with continued capital
... earnings from fee-based businesses grew compared with the third quarter last year. However, they were more than offset by a weaker US dollar against the euro and lower earnings from fixed annuities as this line of business is de-emphasized. Earnings included the positive effect of updated assumption ...
... earnings from fee-based businesses grew compared with the third quarter last year. However, they were more than offset by a weaker US dollar against the euro and lower earnings from fixed annuities as this line of business is de-emphasized. Earnings included the positive effect of updated assumption ...
The Determinants of Corporate Bond Yield Spreads in
... 1.2. Sovereign Risk and the “Sovereign Ceiling” Rule Empirically, a high correlation between sovereign defaults and company defaults has been observed in the past, that is, it has been very hard for companies to avoid default once the sovereign of their incorporation had defaulted. This historical ...
... 1.2. Sovereign Risk and the “Sovereign Ceiling” Rule Empirically, a high correlation between sovereign defaults and company defaults has been observed in the past, that is, it has been very hard for companies to avoid default once the sovereign of their incorporation had defaulted. This historical ...
CHAPTER FOUR Cash Accounting, Accrual Accounting
... close to 0%). This is to be expected: with payout lower, more value is retained in the business to generate higher dividends in the future. But, is an 8.85% growth rate justified? One would have to forecast earnings to see if, at the current payout, the growth can be generated. Analysts were forecas ...
... close to 0%). This is to be expected: with payout lower, more value is retained in the business to generate higher dividends in the future. But, is an 8.85% growth rate justified? One would have to forecast earnings to see if, at the current payout, the growth can be generated. Analysts were forecas ...
Uncertainty Shocks in a Model of Effective Demand No. 12-15
... an increase in uncertainty induces precautionary saving and, all else equal, lower consumption.1 If households supply labor inelastically, then total output remains constant since the level of technology and capital stock do not change in response to the uncertainty shock. Unchanged total output and ...
... an increase in uncertainty induces precautionary saving and, all else equal, lower consumption.1 If households supply labor inelastically, then total output remains constant since the level of technology and capital stock do not change in response to the uncertainty shock. Unchanged total output and ...
Inflation and Real Estate Investments
... This paper analyzes the inflation sensitivity of real estate investments, comparing them to other inflation-sensitive assets. The most transparent source of real estate investment returns comes from publicly traded stocks of real estate investment trusts (REITs). The authors examine the available re ...
... This paper analyzes the inflation sensitivity of real estate investments, comparing them to other inflation-sensitive assets. The most transparent source of real estate investment returns comes from publicly traded stocks of real estate investment trusts (REITs). The authors examine the available re ...
Advanced Macroeconomics - Juridica – Kolegji Evropian
... This book was written to complete the curriculum requirement of the Master’s of Macroeconomics degree. Macroeconomics is a very practical subject and can be very useful for policy making. Domestic and international economies are subjected to variations in savings, income, exchange rates, as well as ...
... This book was written to complete the curriculum requirement of the Master’s of Macroeconomics degree. Macroeconomics is a very practical subject and can be very useful for policy making. Domestic and international economies are subjected to variations in savings, income, exchange rates, as well as ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES INTERNATIONAL RESERVE HOLDINGS WITH Joshua Aizenman
... enter with a positive coefficient. The volatility of international receipts and payments is usually measured by the standard deviation of the trend-adjusted changes in reserves over some previous period. Since higher reserve volatility means that reserves hit their lower bound more frequently, the ...
... enter with a positive coefficient. The volatility of international receipts and payments is usually measured by the standard deviation of the trend-adjusted changes in reserves over some previous period. Since higher reserve volatility means that reserves hit their lower bound more frequently, the ...
The Response of Stock Market Volatility to Futures
... expected stock returns. An unexpected monetary policy tightening constitutes negative news to stocks whose future cash flows (dividends) are valued at a higher than expected discount rate. This implies that a monetary policy shock is expected to decrease returns contemporaneously and to increase fut ...
... expected stock returns. An unexpected monetary policy tightening constitutes negative news to stocks whose future cash flows (dividends) are valued at a higher than expected discount rate. This implies that a monetary policy shock is expected to decrease returns contemporaneously and to increase fut ...
Interest rate
An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by borrowers (debtors) for the use of money that they borrow from lenders (creditors). Specifically, the interest rate is a percentage of principal paid a certain number of times per period for all periods during the total term of the loan or credit. Interest rates are normally expressed as a percentage of the principal for a period of one year, sometimes they are expressed for different periods such as a month or a day. Different interest rates exist parallelly for the same or comparable time periods, depending on the default probability of the borrower, the residual term, the payback currency, and many more determinants of a loan or credit. For example, a company borrows capital from a bank to buy new assets for its business, and in return the lender receives rights on the new assets as collateral and interest at a predetermined interest rate for deferring the use of funds and instead lending it to the borrower.Interest-rate targets are a vital tool of monetary policy and are taken into account when dealing with variables like investment, inflation, and unemployment. The central banks of countries generally tend to reduce interest rates when they wish to increase investment and consumption in the country's economy. However, a low interest rate as a macro-economic policy can be risky and may lead to the creation of an economic bubble, in which large amounts of investments are poured into the real-estate market and stock market. In developed economies, interest-rate adjustments are thus made to keep inflation within a target range for the health of economic activities or cap the interest rate concurrently with economic growth to safeguard economic momentum.