UK Investment: High, Low, Rising, Falling?
... the much higher real prices that prevailed in 1995. The share of GDP that was actually spent on business investment last year was 12.3 per cent. This share is higher than the 11.5 per cent of GDP that was actually spent on business investment in 1997, but much lower than the 14.1 per cent of GDP tha ...
... the much higher real prices that prevailed in 1995. The share of GDP that was actually spent on business investment last year was 12.3 per cent. This share is higher than the 11.5 per cent of GDP that was actually spent on business investment in 1997, but much lower than the 14.1 per cent of GDP tha ...
University Of Nigeria Nsukka
... financial system for economic growth. While many economists have underlined the importance of financial sector development in the process of economic development others still think that its importance is over stressed. McKinnon and Shaw argued that government repression of financial systems through ...
... financial system for economic growth. While many economists have underlined the importance of financial sector development in the process of economic development others still think that its importance is over stressed. McKinnon and Shaw argued that government repression of financial systems through ...
When Credit Bites Back: Leverage, Business Cycles, and Crises
... the classical gold standard, with fixed exchange rates and minimal government involvement in the economy in terms of monetary and fiscal policies. The establishment of the Federal Reserve in 1913 coincides with the end of a laissez-faire epoch. The second era we look at in detail is delineated by th ...
... the classical gold standard, with fixed exchange rates and minimal government involvement in the economy in terms of monetary and fiscal policies. The establishment of the Federal Reserve in 1913 coincides with the end of a laissez-faire epoch. The second era we look at in detail is delineated by th ...
Outlook for Economic Activity and Prices (April 2016, full text)
... between that presented in the Outlook Report and that of market participants in mind. ...
... between that presented in the Outlook Report and that of market participants in mind. ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES REAL EXCHANGE RATES AND PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE
... between the United States and Japan at the industry level are highly correlated with the rates at which relative prices change within these same ...
... between the United States and Japan at the industry level are highly correlated with the rates at which relative prices change within these same ...
Real Stock Returns, Volatility and Real Economic Activity: Evidence From Nigeria:
... in the United States became prominently visible in September 2008 with the failure, merger, or conservatorship of several large United States-based financial firms exposed to packaged subprime loans and credit default swaps issued to insure these loans and their issuers. On September 7, 2008, the Un ...
... in the United States became prominently visible in September 2008 with the failure, merger, or conservatorship of several large United States-based financial firms exposed to packaged subprime loans and credit default swaps issued to insure these loans and their issuers. On September 7, 2008, the Un ...
“Inequality, Uprisings, and Conflict in the Arab World” Middle East
... sluggish wage growth in advanced economies, and overcapacity in China. Nevertheless, inflation increased in a number of large emerging markets this year particularly Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Colombia, Chile, Turkey, South Africa, and Egypt. This was mostly a result of significant currenc ...
... sluggish wage growth in advanced economies, and overcapacity in China. Nevertheless, inflation increased in a number of large emerging markets this year particularly Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Colombia, Chile, Turkey, South Africa, and Egypt. This was mostly a result of significant currenc ...
Document
... In the new Keynesian view a monopolistically competitive firm may fail to increase the price of its product as demand increases because (a) if it does so it will lose all of its customers. (b) the cost to it of changing prices may exceed the benefit of doing so. (c) prices of monopolistically compet ...
... In the new Keynesian view a monopolistically competitive firm may fail to increase the price of its product as demand increases because (a) if it does so it will lose all of its customers. (b) the cost to it of changing prices may exceed the benefit of doing so. (c) prices of monopolistically compet ...
Credit and business cycles in Greece: Is there any relationship?
... http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.01.036 ...
... http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.01.036 ...
Geneva UNRISD 2008 6
... resources. The rest of the paper describes some of the several ways in which mineral rents and their management influence economic growth and other determinants of growth as well as some of the reasons why many mineralrich countries have not managed very well to divert their resource rents to furthe ...
... resources. The rest of the paper describes some of the several ways in which mineral rents and their management influence economic growth and other determinants of growth as well as some of the reasons why many mineralrich countries have not managed very well to divert their resource rents to furthe ...
Output, Business Cycles, and Employment
... In the short run, changes in output cause changes in the employment of labour and in the use of plant and equipment, but these changes are not sustainable over longer time periods. Furthermore, because supplies of factor inputs and technology are fixed, there is no growth in real GDP. We leave that ...
... In the short run, changes in output cause changes in the employment of labour and in the use of plant and equipment, but these changes are not sustainable over longer time periods. Furthermore, because supplies of factor inputs and technology are fixed, there is no growth in real GDP. We leave that ...
Business Essentials, 9e (Ebert/Griffin) Chapter 1 The U.S. Business
... A) total money taken in by a corporation B) increases in income from year to year C) increases in a corporation's stock price D) revenue generated by goods and services E) difference between revenues and expenses Answer: E Explanation: E) Profits represent the difference between an organization's re ...
... A) total money taken in by a corporation B) increases in income from year to year C) increases in a corporation's stock price D) revenue generated by goods and services E) difference between revenues and expenses Answer: E Explanation: E) Profits represent the difference between an organization's re ...
Государственный университет – Высшая школа экономики
... I. Listen to the article and arrange the statements in the correct order — write the answers next to the numbers below the statements: A. This autumn's levy will mean that another 2p rise is scheduled for 2008 and a further 1.84p for 2009. B. Gordon Brown announced a 2p per litre increase in fuel du ...
... I. Listen to the article and arrange the statements in the correct order — write the answers next to the numbers below the statements: A. This autumn's levy will mean that another 2p rise is scheduled for 2008 and a further 1.84p for 2009. B. Gordon Brown announced a 2p per litre increase in fuel du ...
tariffs and growth in the late 19th century
... exporters. Thus, their tariffs were designed to provide `infant' industries with protection from European competition. In the United States, the Civil War brought about a large increase in tariffs, as part of the attempt to ®nance the war effort. After the War, tariffs remained high, a result not on ...
... exporters. Thus, their tariffs were designed to provide `infant' industries with protection from European competition. In the United States, the Civil War brought about a large increase in tariffs, as part of the attempt to ®nance the war effort. After the War, tariffs remained high, a result not on ...
This PDF is a selection from an out-of-print volume from... of Economic Research Volume Title: Monetary Policy Rules
... The model is designed to be representative of recent work on the new neoclassical synthesis, in that New Keynesian-style price stickiness is introduced into an economy with otherwise neoclassical features including intertemporal optimization on the part of households and firms. However, five feature ...
... The model is designed to be representative of recent work on the new neoclassical synthesis, in that New Keynesian-style price stickiness is introduced into an economy with otherwise neoclassical features including intertemporal optimization on the part of households and firms. However, five feature ...
yukon economic outlook - Department of Finance
... Capstone Mining Corp. has stated that its Minto mine will now likely mill until the end of the year. On an industry basis, construction-related real GDP is forecast to be up 13.6%, increasing to $207 million in 2017. As a result, real GDP is now expected to increase slightly by 0.1%, a substantial i ...
... Capstone Mining Corp. has stated that its Minto mine will now likely mill until the end of the year. On an industry basis, construction-related real GDP is forecast to be up 13.6%, increasing to $207 million in 2017. As a result, real GDP is now expected to increase slightly by 0.1%, a substantial i ...
Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply
... • A number of reasons explain why oil price shocks have had less of an impact: • 1. Oil prices are less significant in the U.S. economy today than in the 1970s. • 2. The amount of gas and oil used to produce each dollar of output has declined by about 50 percent since 1970. (from 14,000 BTUs to 7,00 ...
... • A number of reasons explain why oil price shocks have had less of an impact: • 1. Oil prices are less significant in the U.S. economy today than in the 1970s. • 2. The amount of gas and oil used to produce each dollar of output has declined by about 50 percent since 1970. (from 14,000 BTUs to 7,00 ...
Does GDP measure growth in the economy or simply growth in the
... that the sum of the prices of total production sold remains unchanged. Assuming that the prices of all goods exchanged were included in the GDP measure it would consequently be constant regardless of changes in the underlying quantity of goods and services, as prices adjusted to different levels of ...
... that the sum of the prices of total production sold remains unchanged. Assuming that the prices of all goods exchanged were included in the GDP measure it would consequently be constant regardless of changes in the underlying quantity of goods and services, as prices adjusted to different levels of ...
Principles of Economic Growth
... conduct of some, than had been taken from it either by the private misconduct of others, or by the publick extravagance of government’ (Smith) Therefore, if the depreciation of capital is sufficiently rapid, the capital stock will decline, so that output also declines: economic growth then becomes n ...
... conduct of some, than had been taken from it either by the private misconduct of others, or by the publick extravagance of government’ (Smith) Therefore, if the depreciation of capital is sufficiently rapid, the capital stock will decline, so that output also declines: economic growth then becomes n ...
Chapter 13 - the School of Economics and Finance
... Monetary policy (MP): The actions the Federal Reserve takes to manage the money supply and interest rates to pursue macroeconomic policy objectives. Fiscal policy (FP): Changes in federal taxes and purchases that are intended to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives. Gov uses monetary and …scal po ...
... Monetary policy (MP): The actions the Federal Reserve takes to manage the money supply and interest rates to pursue macroeconomic policy objectives. Fiscal policy (FP): Changes in federal taxes and purchases that are intended to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives. Gov uses monetary and …scal po ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES USING MONETARY CONTROL 10 DAMPEN THE
... growth in comparison with that of money growth, (2) the inertia of inflation, (3) the natural rate of unemployment as a dividing line between Conditions of accelerating and decelerating inflation, and (4) the role of supply shocks. The volatility of nominal CNP growth suggests that a target for nomi ...
... growth in comparison with that of money growth, (2) the inertia of inflation, (3) the natural rate of unemployment as a dividing line between Conditions of accelerating and decelerating inflation, and (4) the role of supply shocks. The volatility of nominal CNP growth suggests that a target for nomi ...
Explaining Growth in Burundi: 1960-2000
... Burundi’s economy. First, in 1960, when Congo became independent, Burundi lost half of its Eastern Congolese export market, resulting in large trade deficits. Second, in 1962, Burundi and Rwanda gained independence from Belgium. As a result, Burundi lost progressively its Rwandan export market for i ...
... Burundi’s economy. First, in 1960, when Congo became independent, Burundi lost half of its Eastern Congolese export market, resulting in large trade deficits. Second, in 1962, Burundi and Rwanda gained independence from Belgium. As a result, Burundi lost progressively its Rwandan export market for i ...
THE DETERMINANTS OF THE JAPANESE ECONOMIC GROWTH
... Japanese economy has performed annually for three decades has been studied by economists in the world and is presented as an example for developing countries. However, the last decade of the twentieth century did not close in beauty the exceptional postwar period of growth. On the contrary, it open ...
... Japanese economy has performed annually for three decades has been studied by economists in the world and is presented as an example for developing countries. However, the last decade of the twentieth century did not close in beauty the exceptional postwar period of growth. On the contrary, it open ...
Measuring Business Cycles: A Review
... The idea that the market economy functions under recurring fluctuations depending on a number of variables was formalized by Mitchell (1927), Burns and Mitchell (1946) as follows: “ Business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organize their work ...
... The idea that the market economy functions under recurring fluctuations depending on a number of variables was formalized by Mitchell (1927), Burns and Mitchell (1946) as follows: “ Business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organize their work ...
Economics of Money, Banking, and Financial Markets, 8e
... A) some types of autonomous spending do not affect aggregate demand. B) some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand before the spending occurs. Some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand when they occur. C) some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand only l ...
... A) some types of autonomous spending do not affect aggregate demand. B) some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand before the spending occurs. Some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand when they occur. C) some types of autonomous spending affect aggregate demand only l ...
Long Depression
The Long Depression was a worldwide price recession, beginning in 1873 and running through the spring of 1879. It was the most severe in Europe and the United States, which had been experiencing strong economic growth fueled by the Second Industrial Revolution in the decade following the American Civil War. The episode was labeled the ""Great Depression"" at the time, and it held that designation until the Great Depression of the 1930s. Though a period of general deflation and a general contraction, it did not have the severe economic retrogression of the Great Depression.It was most notable in Western Europe and North America, at least in part because reliable data from the period are most readily available in those parts of the world. The United Kingdom is often considered to have been the hardest hit; during this period it lost some of its large industrial lead over the economies of Continental Europe. While it was occurring, the view was prominent that the economy of the United Kingdom had been in continuous depression from 1873 to as late as 1896 and some texts refer to the period as the Great Depression of 1873–96.In the United States, economists typically refer to the Long Depression as the Depression of 1873–79, kicked off by the Panic of 1873, and followed by the Panic of 1893, book-ending the entire period of the wider Long Depression. The National Bureau of Economic Research dates the contraction following the panic as lasting from October 1873 to March 1879. At 65 months, it is the longest-lasting contraction identified by the NBER, eclipsing the Great Depression's 43 months of contraction.In the US, from 1873–1879, 18,000 businesses went bankrupt, including 89 railroads. Ten states and hundreds of banks went bankrupt. Unemployment peaked in 1878, long after the panic ended. Different sources peg the peak unemployment rate anywhere from 8.25% to 14%.