1 2 1 AB - KCSD Connect
... Economists use GDP to gauge how well a country’s economy is doing. When GDP is growing, an economy creates more jobs and more business opportunities. When GDP declines, jobs and more business opportunities become less plentiful. To get a clearer picture of a country’s economic health, economists cal ...
... Economists use GDP to gauge how well a country’s economy is doing. When GDP is growing, an economy creates more jobs and more business opportunities. When GDP declines, jobs and more business opportunities become less plentiful. To get a clearer picture of a country’s economic health, economists cal ...
Understanding Stock Market Fluctuations
... agree on the outlook for Apex and for the economy; it is precisely this disagreement and the fact that people revise their expectations (change their minds) as events unfold that leads stock prices to move day-to-day. Okay, the stage is now set; on a particular day the stock market closes with the o ...
... agree on the outlook for Apex and for the economy; it is precisely this disagreement and the fact that people revise their expectations (change their minds) as events unfold that leads stock prices to move day-to-day. Okay, the stage is now set; on a particular day the stock market closes with the o ...
The Stock Market as a Leading Economic Indicator
... generally started to decline two to four quarters before recessions began. ...
... generally started to decline two to four quarters before recessions began. ...
Sticky Prices in the United States
... Of course, just the fact that lags of the variables relevant in explaining "desired" prices are significant explanators of current prices seems to point tolvard the existence of some sort of rigidity. 'This view is not shared by Sahling (1977). H e explains cui-i-entprices by current and lagged valu ...
... Of course, just the fact that lags of the variables relevant in explaining "desired" prices are significant explanators of current prices seems to point tolvard the existence of some sort of rigidity. 'This view is not shared by Sahling (1977). H e explains cui-i-entprices by current and lagged valu ...
the secret history of the industrial revolution
... urban employments. Table 1 shows the resulting wage estimates. After 1350 the wage structure was pretty stable over this long period, as figure 3 shows. In the figure the ratio of the day wages of building craftsmen to building laborers is shown, along with the ratio of the day wages of building lab ...
... urban employments. Table 1 shows the resulting wage estimates. After 1350 the wage structure was pretty stable over this long period, as figure 3 shows. In the figure the ratio of the day wages of building craftsmen to building laborers is shown, along with the ratio of the day wages of building lab ...
secret2001
... urban employments. Table 1 shows the resulting wage estimates. After 1350 the wage structure was pretty stable over this long period, as figure 3 shows. In the figure the ratio of the day wages of building craftsmen to building laborers is shown, along with the ratio of the day wages of building lab ...
... urban employments. Table 1 shows the resulting wage estimates. After 1350 the wage structure was pretty stable over this long period, as figure 3 shows. In the figure the ratio of the day wages of building craftsmen to building laborers is shown, along with the ratio of the day wages of building lab ...
Fiscal Responses to the Economic Contraction of 2008-09
... In the absence of any further coordinated EU-wide response to the contraction, the member states inevitably responded in quite different ways. Some adopted expansionary fiscal measures while others relied almost exclusively on the “automatic stabilizers” in their budgets. Some moved quickly to assum ...
... In the absence of any further coordinated EU-wide response to the contraction, the member states inevitably responded in quite different ways. Some adopted expansionary fiscal measures while others relied almost exclusively on the “automatic stabilizers” in their budgets. Some moved quickly to assum ...
Barings/UNC Charlotte Economic Forecast
... What has been happening in North Carolina during the first half on 2016 is not dissimilar to what has happened in the U.S. It seems that after 7 years of economic expansion things are beginning to slow. The U.S. economy has been expanding for 89 months, which represents the fourth longest economic e ...
... What has been happening in North Carolina during the first half on 2016 is not dissimilar to what has happened in the U.S. It seems that after 7 years of economic expansion things are beginning to slow. The U.S. economy has been expanding for 89 months, which represents the fourth longest economic e ...
WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK, September 2003--Chapter 1
... fall in the U.S. dollar—indeed, most have depreciated in nominal effective terms since the dollar peak (Figure 1.6). In Asia, which has continued to run large surpluses on both current and capital accounts, this has been accompanied by a very large increase in reserves (see the second essay in Chapt ...
... fall in the U.S. dollar—indeed, most have depreciated in nominal effective terms since the dollar peak (Figure 1.6). In Asia, which has continued to run large surpluses on both current and capital accounts, this has been accompanied by a very large increase in reserves (see the second essay in Chapt ...
The Thatcher Experiment: The First Two Years
... ing and on oil rents and a reduction in public expenditure), by restoring "a broad balance of power in the framework of collective bargaining"2 (measures to remove specific abuses in picketing and the closed shop) and by other measures aimed at encouraging market forces to work as freely and flexibl ...
... ing and on oil rents and a reduction in public expenditure), by restoring "a broad balance of power in the framework of collective bargaining"2 (measures to remove specific abuses in picketing and the closed shop) and by other measures aimed at encouraging market forces to work as freely and flexibl ...
CHAPTER 7 Wage and Price Adjustment: The Phillips Curve and
... inflation, and economists had to come up with an explanation of the simultaneous rise in unemployment and inflation. This was accomplished by incorporating inflationary expectations into the Phillips curve framework. Along the Phillips curve, inflationary expectations are constant. But when inflatio ...
... inflation, and economists had to come up with an explanation of the simultaneous rise in unemployment and inflation. This was accomplished by incorporating inflationary expectations into the Phillips curve framework. Along the Phillips curve, inflationary expectations are constant. But when inflatio ...
ch9
... By funding basic education and by ensuring high standards in skills such as language, mathematics, and science, governments can contribute enormously to a nation’s growth potential. ...
... By funding basic education and by ensuring high standards in skills such as language, mathematics, and science, governments can contribute enormously to a nation’s growth potential. ...
mmi04-razin 224754 en
... Senhadji (2001)]. However, this long run channel through which monetary policy affect potential output is not considered in this paper. Rather, the paper demonstrates how to bring the potential output into the aggregate supply relationship, by incorporating the effects of investment in capacity on a ...
... Senhadji (2001)]. However, this long run channel through which monetary policy affect potential output is not considered in this paper. Rather, the paper demonstrates how to bring the potential output into the aggregate supply relationship, by incorporating the effects of investment in capacity on a ...
A Closer Look at US Economic Weakness
... As shown in Chart 5, business fixed investment spending reached bottom five quarters after the trough of the 2001 recession. At its nadir, business fixed investment spending was 14.2 percent below its prerecession peak. Eight quarters after the trough, business f ...
... As shown in Chart 5, business fixed investment spending reached bottom five quarters after the trough of the 2001 recession. At its nadir, business fixed investment spending was 14.2 percent below its prerecession peak. Eight quarters after the trough, business f ...
The U.S. Economy in the 1990s: A Neoliberal Success Story?
... severely that, with an assist from an expanding economy, budget deficits shrank and even disappeared at the end of the decade, with the Administration promising that a complete retirement of the public debt was now in sight. Following several years of sluggish recovery from the 1990-91 recession, th ...
... severely that, with an assist from an expanding economy, budget deficits shrank and even disappeared at the end of the decade, with the Administration promising that a complete retirement of the public debt was now in sight. Following several years of sluggish recovery from the 1990-91 recession, th ...
Capital Accumulation, Technological Change, and the Distribution of
... without changing the others. Economic historians have been schizophrenic about this methodology. On the one hand, they usually regard its assumptions as odd (how could a new technique be adopted without erecting the equipment that embodied it?); on the other hand, no account of an industrial revolut ...
... without changing the others. Economic historians have been schizophrenic about this methodology. On the one hand, they usually regard its assumptions as odd (how could a new technique be adopted without erecting the equipment that embodied it?); on the other hand, no account of an industrial revolut ...
Macroeconomic Equilibrium File
... that their disposable income remains the same nominally, but its real value increases. This means households are able to buy more goods and services. Consumer behavior is described by the Pigou effect or the effect of wealth. Households are willing to increase their total expenditure on the purchase ...
... that their disposable income remains the same nominally, but its real value increases. This means households are able to buy more goods and services. Consumer behavior is described by the Pigou effect or the effect of wealth. Households are willing to increase their total expenditure on the purchase ...
Economic Freedom and Financial Development: International Evidence
... the private sector by GDP. Unlike the other two measures, Private Credit isolates the role of the private sector. LLB refer to this measure as their “preferred” measure of financial intermediary development, unlike the measure used by King and Levine (1993a, b) which includes credits issued by centr ...
... the private sector by GDP. Unlike the other two measures, Private Credit isolates the role of the private sector. LLB refer to this measure as their “preferred” measure of financial intermediary development, unlike the measure used by King and Levine (1993a, b) which includes credits issued by centr ...
Economic Adjustment in the Baltic Countries
... participants of the Conference on European Economic Integration 2012 for discussions and helpful comments. ...
... participants of the Conference on European Economic Integration 2012 for discussions and helpful comments. ...
M09_ABEL4987_7E_IM_C09
... (2) If firms change prices instead of output in response to a change in demand, the adjustment process is almost immediate d. Keynesian economists see slow adjustment of the price level (1) It may be several years before prices and wages adjust fully (2) When not in general equilibrium, output is de ...
... (2) If firms change prices instead of output in response to a change in demand, the adjustment process is almost immediate d. Keynesian economists see slow adjustment of the price level (1) It may be several years before prices and wages adjust fully (2) When not in general equilibrium, output is de ...
Attachment A: Forecast growth in nominal GDP
... forecast period. Over the past year, the combination of solid growth in disposable income and weak consumer price inflation enabled households to enjoy above-trend growth in real consumption, while maintaining high rates of saving. Looking ahead, the pace of household consumption growth is expected ...
... forecast period. Over the past year, the combination of solid growth in disposable income and weak consumer price inflation enabled households to enjoy above-trend growth in real consumption, while maintaining high rates of saving. Looking ahead, the pace of household consumption growth is expected ...
Preview Sample 3
... time foreigners, especially Asians were lending funds to the U.S. largely as a result of large surpluses of U.S. dollars earned from selling more goods to the U.S. than they purchased from the U.S. The U.S. economy and investment continued to grow during this period. At the time there was a talk amo ...
... time foreigners, especially Asians were lending funds to the U.S. largely as a result of large surpluses of U.S. dollars earned from selling more goods to the U.S. than they purchased from the U.S. The U.S. economy and investment continued to grow during this period. At the time there was a talk amo ...
2 AGGREGATE SUPPLY AND DEMAND: A SIMPLE FRAMEWORK
... must be moving upward and to the right over time. We can keep the model in terms of levels only if we are willing to discard the notion of a fixed point of long-run equilibrium and depict the long run as an equilibrium growth/inflation path involving a sequence (or continuum) of points of momentary ...
... must be moving upward and to the right over time. We can keep the model in terms of levels only if we are willing to discard the notion of a fixed point of long-run equilibrium and depict the long run as an equilibrium growth/inflation path involving a sequence (or continuum) of points of momentary ...
Long Depression
The Long Depression was a worldwide price recession, beginning in 1873 and running through the spring of 1879. It was the most severe in Europe and the United States, which had been experiencing strong economic growth fueled by the Second Industrial Revolution in the decade following the American Civil War. The episode was labeled the ""Great Depression"" at the time, and it held that designation until the Great Depression of the 1930s. Though a period of general deflation and a general contraction, it did not have the severe economic retrogression of the Great Depression.It was most notable in Western Europe and North America, at least in part because reliable data from the period are most readily available in those parts of the world. The United Kingdom is often considered to have been the hardest hit; during this period it lost some of its large industrial lead over the economies of Continental Europe. While it was occurring, the view was prominent that the economy of the United Kingdom had been in continuous depression from 1873 to as late as 1896 and some texts refer to the period as the Great Depression of 1873–96.In the United States, economists typically refer to the Long Depression as the Depression of 1873–79, kicked off by the Panic of 1873, and followed by the Panic of 1893, book-ending the entire period of the wider Long Depression. The National Bureau of Economic Research dates the contraction following the panic as lasting from October 1873 to March 1879. At 65 months, it is the longest-lasting contraction identified by the NBER, eclipsing the Great Depression's 43 months of contraction.In the US, from 1873–1879, 18,000 businesses went bankrupt, including 89 railroads. Ten states and hundreds of banks went bankrupt. Unemployment peaked in 1878, long after the panic ended. Different sources peg the peak unemployment rate anywhere from 8.25% to 14%.