33. Botulinum Toxins
... the disease we call botulism) seems to have been more rare, especially during ancient times. Although there may have been ancient cases of wound botulism, there is little or no evidence for such infections until much more recent times. Food poisoning due to botulinum toxin emerged as a problem when ...
... the disease we call botulism) seems to have been more rare, especially during ancient times. Although there may have been ancient cases of wound botulism, there is little or no evidence for such infections until much more recent times. Food poisoning due to botulinum toxin emerged as a problem when ...
International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research
... generally believed to be safe. But due to its toxicity it causes adverse effect. Calotropis procera consumption are reported to cause blisters, lesions and eruptions when taken by patients for the treatment of joint pains and gastrointestinal problems caries tooth and ocular toxicity. The preparatio ...
... generally believed to be safe. But due to its toxicity it causes adverse effect. Calotropis procera consumption are reported to cause blisters, lesions and eruptions when taken by patients for the treatment of joint pains and gastrointestinal problems caries tooth and ocular toxicity. The preparatio ...
shiitake mushroom
... Selenium is one of the trace elements of fundamental importance to human health, and a key component of the antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the damaging effects of free radicals. Another important health effect of selenium relates to proper functioning of the immune system. Selenium a ...
... Selenium is one of the trace elements of fundamental importance to human health, and a key component of the antioxidant enzymes that protect cells against the damaging effects of free radicals. Another important health effect of selenium relates to proper functioning of the immune system. Selenium a ...
Early lactic acidosis after acetaminophen overdose
... in acute acetaminophen overdose is a common feature since it was observed in 41% of cases.[5] Since lactate was not measured in all of these patients it is unclear what percentage was caused by lactic acidosis, but if the lactic acid was elevated this usually persisted for less than one day. Further ...
... in acute acetaminophen overdose is a common feature since it was observed in 41% of cases.[5] Since lactate was not measured in all of these patients it is unclear what percentage was caused by lactic acidosis, but if the lactic acid was elevated this usually persisted for less than one day. Further ...
Phenol and Its Toxicity: A Case Report
... than that of free compounds. Therefore, the free phenol concentrations in the blood can be regarded as an index of poisoning [7]. The average fatal dose is 25-50 ml of household phenol. Derivatives of phenol, such as cresol, are endogenously produced in normal subjects. They may also be present in u ...
... than that of free compounds. Therefore, the free phenol concentrations in the blood can be regarded as an index of poisoning [7]. The average fatal dose is 25-50 ml of household phenol. Derivatives of phenol, such as cresol, are endogenously produced in normal subjects. They may also be present in u ...
1. Objectives of the Presentation 2. General Key Points: 3. Key
... Urea and nitrate poisonings are both toxicoses from nitrogenous compounds, but are completely unrelated as to mechanism of effects and occurrence. Both materials are generally in the diet, as a feed additive for urea and as a natural plant component for nitrate. Additionally, both materials can be c ...
... Urea and nitrate poisonings are both toxicoses from nitrogenous compounds, but are completely unrelated as to mechanism of effects and occurrence. Both materials are generally in the diet, as a feed additive for urea and as a natural plant component for nitrate. Additionally, both materials can be c ...
Can highly hydrophobic organic substances cause aquatic baseline
... Another difficulty arises from the fact that toxic responses often are related to nominal concentrations or to total measured concentrations, both of which can be substantially higher than actual dissolved concentrations [31,32]. Most of these experimental errors are easily made when testing highly ...
... Another difficulty arises from the fact that toxic responses often are related to nominal concentrations or to total measured concentrations, both of which can be substantially higher than actual dissolved concentrations [31,32]. Most of these experimental errors are easily made when testing highly ...
EMERGING MARINE BIOTOXINS – report from the seminar 2012
... concern due to the poison’s effects on animals and especially on humans. On the other hand, there are more frequent reports on ciguatera fish poisoning including frequent fatalities. Ciguatera fish poisoning is caused by the consumption of coral reef fish contaminated by ciguatoxin and related toxi ...
... concern due to the poison’s effects on animals and especially on humans. On the other hand, there are more frequent reports on ciguatera fish poisoning including frequent fatalities. Ciguatera fish poisoning is caused by the consumption of coral reef fish contaminated by ciguatoxin and related toxi ...
Zebrafish models for assessing developmental and reproductive
... The zebrafish is increasingly used as a vertebrate animal model for in vivo drug discovery and for assessing chemical toxicity and safety. Numerous studies have confirmed that zebrafish and mammals are similar in their physiology, development, metabolism and pathways, and that zebrafish responses to tox ...
... The zebrafish is increasingly used as a vertebrate animal model for in vivo drug discovery and for assessing chemical toxicity and safety. Numerous studies have confirmed that zebrafish and mammals are similar in their physiology, development, metabolism and pathways, and that zebrafish responses to tox ...
Toxicity of Pesticides - OSU Fact Sheets
... Inhalation exposure can occur from the applicator smoking, breathing smoke from burning containers, breathing fumes from pesticides while applying them without protective equipment, and inhaling fumes while mixing and pouring pesticides. ...
... Inhalation exposure can occur from the applicator smoking, breathing smoke from burning containers, breathing fumes from pesticides while applying them without protective equipment, and inhaling fumes while mixing and pouring pesticides. ...
TOXICITY OF SEA ALGAL TOXINS TO HUMANS AND ANIMALS
... include nausea, tingling and numbness of the perioral area, loss of motor control, and severe muscular ache. NSP has not been documented as a fatal intoxication in humans. Gymnodinium breve red tides are also frequently associated with massive fish kills. The extreme sensivity of fish may result fro ...
... include nausea, tingling and numbness of the perioral area, loss of motor control, and severe muscular ache. NSP has not been documented as a fatal intoxication in humans. Gymnodinium breve red tides are also frequently associated with massive fish kills. The extreme sensivity of fish may result fro ...
Pyrethroids
... Type II toxicity is somewhat more complex, since it involves pyrethroid effects on all levels of the brain, rather than mostly on the brain stem. Salivation may be profuse. A rolling gait is seen due to increased extensor tone in the hind limbs; incoordination progresses to a coarse tremor; sensory ...
... Type II toxicity is somewhat more complex, since it involves pyrethroid effects on all levels of the brain, rather than mostly on the brain stem. Salivation may be profuse. A rolling gait is seen due to increased extensor tone in the hind limbs; incoordination progresses to a coarse tremor; sensory ...
Exam Study Guide
... Describe the target tissue or site of action concept. Is the target tissue always the tissue with the highest concentration of the toxic chemical? Distinguish between dose and dosage. Distinguish between external or nominal dose and internal or target tissue dose. What is an LD50 value? ...
... Describe the target tissue or site of action concept. Is the target tissue always the tissue with the highest concentration of the toxic chemical? Distinguish between dose and dosage. Distinguish between external or nominal dose and internal or target tissue dose. What is an LD50 value? ...
CNS Toxicity
... respiratory failure and death Delayed manifestations: sensory loss, myalgias, encephalopathy, memory/ cognitive deficits Histology: +/- chromatolysis of neurons ETHYLENE GLYCOL TOXICITY Used as antifreeze and commonly ingested as an inebriant Toxicity mediated by hepatic and renal oxidation to glyco ...
... respiratory failure and death Delayed manifestations: sensory loss, myalgias, encephalopathy, memory/ cognitive deficits Histology: +/- chromatolysis of neurons ETHYLENE GLYCOL TOXICITY Used as antifreeze and commonly ingested as an inebriant Toxicity mediated by hepatic and renal oxidation to glyco ...
CNSToxicity
... respiratory failure and death Delayed manifestations: sensory loss, myalgias, encephalopathy, memory/ cognitive deficits Histology: +/- chromatolysis of neurons ETHYLENE GLYCOL TOXICITY Used as antifreeze and commonly ingested as an inebriant Toxicity mediated by hepatic and renal oxidation to glyco ...
... respiratory failure and death Delayed manifestations: sensory loss, myalgias, encephalopathy, memory/ cognitive deficits Histology: +/- chromatolysis of neurons ETHYLENE GLYCOL TOXICITY Used as antifreeze and commonly ingested as an inebriant Toxicity mediated by hepatic and renal oxidation to glyco ...
Pestoff
... reach of children. Secondary Identifiers - Harmful substance. Repeated oral exposure may cause toxin to accumulate in internal organs and may affect the clotting ability of the blood. Not classified Dangerous Goods as toxicity falls below Packing Group III threshold. ...
... reach of children. Secondary Identifiers - Harmful substance. Repeated oral exposure may cause toxin to accumulate in internal organs and may affect the clotting ability of the blood. Not classified Dangerous Goods as toxicity falls below Packing Group III threshold. ...
poisoning - Cecchini Cuore
... • In some cases ABGs will need to be taken. • Liver transplantation should be considered in individuals who develop acute liver failure. ...
... • In some cases ABGs will need to be taken. • Liver transplantation should be considered in individuals who develop acute liver failure. ...
1_02 Toxicity and Toxicology
... If there is reason to believe that a murder or attempted murder may have been committed using poison, a forensic toxicologist is asked to examine pieces of evidence such as corpses and food items for poison content. At Orfila's time the primary poison in use was arsenic, but there were no reliable w ...
... If there is reason to believe that a murder or attempted murder may have been committed using poison, a forensic toxicologist is asked to examine pieces of evidence such as corpses and food items for poison content. At Orfila's time the primary poison in use was arsenic, but there were no reliable w ...
Poisoning, Toxicity, Intoxication and Adverse Drug Reactions
... Definition: A poisoning is an event by which an animal is exposed (internally or externally) to a toxic substance. The effects of the poison may, or may not be manifest. Introduction: The approach taken to coding a case of poisoning depends on the amount of information that is available about the ci ...
... Definition: A poisoning is an event by which an animal is exposed (internally or externally) to a toxic substance. The effects of the poison may, or may not be manifest. Introduction: The approach taken to coding a case of poisoning depends on the amount of information that is available about the ci ...
Appendix B: Provincial Case Definitions for Reportable Diseases
... Clinical illness is characterized by neurological symptoms (e.g., paresthesia and/or paralysis of the mouth, neck, face or extremities) with onset within 12 hours following ingestion of potentially contaminatedfood, which may or may not be accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomi ...
... Clinical illness is characterized by neurological symptoms (e.g., paresthesia and/or paralysis of the mouth, neck, face or extremities) with onset within 12 hours following ingestion of potentially contaminatedfood, which may or may not be accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomi ...
PESTICIDE TOXICITY
... three major causes of chronic toxicity are mutagenic toxicants, oncogenic toxicants, and teratogenic toxicants. Mutagens cause changes in the genetic material DNA. Oncogens cause the formation of tumors; a carcinogen causes the formation of malignant tumors (cancer). Teratogens cause birth defects. ...
... three major causes of chronic toxicity are mutagenic toxicants, oncogenic toxicants, and teratogenic toxicants. Mutagens cause changes in the genetic material DNA. Oncogens cause the formation of tumors; a carcinogen causes the formation of malignant tumors (cancer). Teratogens cause birth defects. ...
Poisonings from ingestion of chlorate
... haemoglobin and even small doses may cause significant methaemoglobinaemia and haemolysis which consequently lead to acute renal failure. In addition, chlorates may also be directly toxic to the proximal renal tubule. Treatment of methaemoglobinaemia with methylene blue and tolonium chloride (toluid ...
... haemoglobin and even small doses may cause significant methaemoglobinaemia and haemolysis which consequently lead to acute renal failure. In addition, chlorates may also be directly toxic to the proximal renal tubule. Treatment of methaemoglobinaemia with methylene blue and tolonium chloride (toluid ...
Lecture No. 12+13
... from roots of lianas. Rotenon was used as a piscicide and insecticide - an important milestone was introduction of phenyl mercury in 1913 for the protection of seed ...
... from roots of lianas. Rotenon was used as a piscicide and insecticide - an important milestone was introduction of phenyl mercury in 1913 for the protection of seed ...
Gyromitra esculenta
Gyromitra esculenta /ˌdʒaɪrɵˈmaɪtrə ˌɛskjʉˈlɛntə/, is an ascomycete fungus from the genus Gyromitra, widely distributed across Europe and North America. It normally fruits in sandy soils under coniferous trees in spring and early summer. The fruiting body, or mushroom, is an irregular brain-shaped cap dark brown in colour that can reach 10 cm (4 in) high and 15 cm (6 in) wide, perched on a stout white stipe up to 6 cm (2.4 in) high.Although potentially fatal if eaten raw, Gyromitra esculenta is a popular delicacy in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, and the upper Great Lakes region of North America. Although popular in some districts of the eastern Pyrenees, it is prohibited from sale to the public in Spain. It may be sold fresh in Finland, but it must be accompanied by warnings and instructions on correct preparation.Although it is still commonly parboiled before preparation, evidence suggests that even this procedure may not make Gyromitra esculenta entirely safe for consumption, thus raising concerns of risk even when prepared properly. When consumed, the principal active agent, gyromitrin, is hydrolyzed into the toxic compound monomethylhydrazine (MMH). The toxin affects the liver, central nervous system, and sometimes the kidneys. Symptoms of poisoning involve vomiting and diarrhea several hours after consumption, followed by dizziness, lethargy and headache. Severe cases may lead to delirium, coma and death after 5–7 days.