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GI Tract - review anatomy of upper and lower GI tract
GI Tract - review anatomy of upper and lower GI tract

... - identify the regions of the small intestine; define ‘law of intestine’; describe the organization of the intestinal villus -- where is the lamina propria? What is the lacteal? - what are intestinal crypts? What substances are released from intestinal glands? - describe regional secretion and abso ...
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... and also due to the negative pressure created by the sac. • As the sac is surrounded by the orbicularis muscle, normal blinking movements result in negative pressure in the sac when the lids are open and positive pressure when, the lids are closed. ...
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... The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine; it is less than 1 foot of the 10 foot intestine (30 cm of the 3 m). The duodenum receives the stomach contents, pancreatic juice and bile. Chemical digestion continues in the duodenum. The jejunum is the nex ...
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Physiology of Digestive System I - كلية طب الاسنان
Physiology of Digestive System I - كلية طب الاسنان

... Secretions of the small intestine  Secretion of Mucus by Brunner’s Glands in the Duodenum An extensive array of compound mucous glands, called Brunner’s glands, is located in the wall of the first few centimeters of the duodenum, mainly between the pylorus of the stomach and the papilla of Vater wh ...
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... The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach and is completed in the small intestine. The digestive juice secreted in the gastric glands present on the stomach walls is called gastric juice. The food that enters the stomach becomes acidic on mixing with this gastric juice. The main components of ...
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... Acts as valve → closed when food not being swallowed, therefore prevents regurgitation of food, acid & air Relaxes just before peristaltic wave (& food) reaches end of esophagus Proximal stomach = fundus + body → act as temporary reservoir of food → can accommodate ↑ volume with no ↑ in intragastric ...
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... bacteria. All these actions maintain the health of the oral cavity and the teeth of the animals. The last role of saliva is thermoregulation. There are many animals that are not capable of sweating, dogs for example. These animals depend on the evaporation taking place over the tongue, oral cavity a ...
Medical Terminology
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... Jaundice / Icterus : yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera,and other tissues caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood Ascites: Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen; can be a symptom of neoplasm or inflammatory disorders in the abdomen, venous hypertension caused by liver disease and he ...
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Cirrhosis of the Liver
Cirrhosis of the Liver

... sample of liver tissue, then examines it under the microscope for scarring or other signs of disease. Treatment Liver damage from cirrhosis cannot be reversed, but treatment can stop or delay further progression and reduce complications. Treatment depends on the cause of cirrhosis and any complicati ...
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... in controlling IBD and IBS • Currently all uses for FMT outside of CDI treatment are considered investigational and must take place in the setting of a clinical trial • FMT does NOT alter liver transplant status, may resolve recurrent infections that delay transplantation. ...
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... Health Benefits ● May improve specific immune response* ● Beneficial modulation of immune function* ● Competes for adhesion sites with pathogens, stimulates immunoglobulin A (IgA)* Strain Name: Lactobacillus rhamnosus Characteristics ● One of the most common species in breast-fed infants. Also found ...
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Ascending cholangitis



Ascending cholangitis or acute cholangitis (or sometimes cholangitis without a modifier - from Greek chol-, bile + ang-, vessel + itis-, inflammation) is an infection of the bile duct (cholangitis), usually caused by bacteria ascending from its junction with the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). It tends to occur if the bile duct is already partially obstructed by gallstones.Cholangitis can be life-threatening, and is regarded as a medical emergency. Characteristic symptoms include yellow discoloration of the skin or whites of the eyes, fever, abdominal pain, and in severe cases, low blood pressure and confusion. Initial treatment is with intravenous fluids and antibiotics, but there is often an underlying problem (such as gallstones or narrowing in the bile duct) for which further tests and treatments may be necessary, usually in the form of endoscopy to relieve obstruction of the bile duct.
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