• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
A Sunflower Helianthinin Gene Upstream Sequence
A Sunflower Helianthinin Gene Upstream Sequence

... detected 7 days post-flowering (DPF). Helianthinin transcripts accumulate to maximum levels approximately 12 DPF to 15 DPF and then disappear as the seed matures. Helianthinin mRNA is not detected in mature seeds or in germinated seedlings (Allen, Nessler, and Thomas, 1985; Allen et al., 1987). To u ...
Viruses
Viruses

... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
How Does Biotechnology Affect Individuals, Society, and the
How Does Biotechnology Affect Individuals, Society, and the

... solve problems that we, as humans, were responsible for creating. • We are able to understand the world that we live in on a microscopic level. ...
Document
Document

... the number of independent transcription factors. Homologous factors from different species such as human and mouse SRF are given different entries since they may differ in some molecular aspects. Factors originally described by different research groups as binding to different genes may turn out ide ...
Lecture Handouts
Lecture Handouts

... • In social insects like bees and ants queens and workers are genetically identical but morphologically very different due to different feeding as larvae • All larvae are fed on royal jelly for three days, but workers-to-be are then moved onto pollen and nectar, while queens-to-be continue on royal ...
PcrA Helicase Tightly Couples ATP Hydrolysis to Unwinding Double
PcrA Helicase Tightly Couples ATP Hydrolysis to Unwinding Double

... (Figure 3a). Anisotropy is dependent on the rotational correlation time of the fluorophore, which is often dependent on the molecular mass of its complex, thus increasing as RepD binds to the DNA. A titration of RepD into a solution of Junction 1 (DNA is defined in Figure 2) is shown in Figure 3a. T ...
Table of Contents - NAU jan.ucc.nau.edu web server
Table of Contents - NAU jan.ucc.nau.edu web server

... Posttranslational Events Protein synthesis begins on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm.  Those proteins destined for the nucleus, mitochondria, and plastids are completed in the cytoplasm and have signals that allow them to bind to and enter destined organelles. ...
DNA for Defence Lawyers
DNA for Defence Lawyers

... The extracted DNA is then amplified. The process is akin to a photocopier, which not only turns out identical copies, but also does so exponentially. After a few repeats we get millions of copies. The amplification process used in Australia, known as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), also enables mul ...
Conserved amino acid sequences confer nuclear localization
Conserved amino acid sequences confer nuclear localization

... Studies of human patients and animal models with mutations in their Prop1 genes have established that PROP1 is required for the correct development or sustained function of the hormone-secreting cells that regulate physiological pathways controlling growth, reproduction, metabolism, and the stress r ...
CHAPTER 7 DNA Mutation, DNA Repair and Transposable Elements
CHAPTER 7 DNA Mutation, DNA Repair and Transposable Elements

... Types of Point Mutations Animation: Nonsense Mutation and Nonsense Suppressor Mutation 1. There are two general categories of point mutations: base-pair substitutions and base-pair deletions or insertions. 2. A base-pair substitution replaces 1 base-pair with another. There are two types (Figure 7. ...
Physical mapping shows that the unstable oxytetracycline gene
Physical mapping shows that the unstable oxytetracycline gene

... The agarose containing the 300 kb AseI-J band was excised from a gel. DNA was eluted, partially digested with MboI and used to construct a cosmid bank in sCos-1. Forty clones were obtained and were ordered by cross-hybridization. This yielded a contig in fragment AseI-J which was spanned by 9 cosmid ...
Polymerase chain reaction and its applications
Polymerase chain reaction and its applications

... turned outwards. Both strands are connected to each other via hydrogen bonds formed between base pairs where adenine always interacts with thymine (or uracil) and cytosine pairs with guanine. The sequence of one chain determines the other, making the two chains complementary. RNA differs from DNA in ...
third of four for Chapter 9
third of four for Chapter 9

... Life cycle of bacteriophage T4 ...
Transcription factors Oct-1 and NF-YA regulate the p53
Transcription factors Oct-1 and NF-YA regulate the p53

... GADD45 promoter. In p53-de®cient cell lines, the UVor MMS-induction of the GADD45 promoter has been found attenuated compared to that seen in cells with functional p53. A previous report by our group has demonstrated that p53 can regulate the GADD45 promoter through its interaction with WT1, which i ...
The Drosophila Ribosomal Protein S6 Gene Includes a 3
The Drosophila Ribosomal Protein S6 Gene Includes a 3

... exons, 50 of 54 bases are identical for all three copies, including a conventional spliceacceptor site and a variant branch-point signal (Rice et al. 199 1) . Each of the alternative exons shares an identical polyadenylation signal with a very good match to the consensus sequence (Rice et al. 199 1) ...
NULL ALLELES OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT C4 Evidence for
NULL ALLELES OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT C4 Evidence for

... found on haplotypes with HLA-Bw60 and a short C4B gene (16 kb), as indicated by the 5.4-kb Taq I fragment (Table II A) . The DNA analysis has revealed the presence of C4A-specific sequences not detectable at the protein level by SDS PAGE, high voltage gel electrophoresis, and serology. We therefore ...
Duplication of Small Segments Within the Major
Duplication of Small Segments Within the Major

... and 3’ probes. These studies separated those cases with Mbcr translocations into three groups. The first group (9 patients) demonstrated rearrangement with only the 5’ probe, indicating a translocation breakpoint 5’ of the M-bcr BamHl site. The second group (27 patients) demonstrated rearrangement w ...
FISH
FISH

... imaging software, can distinguish all 23 chromosomes by chromosome specific colors. This type of analysis can be used to detect abnormalities that affect multiple chromosomes as is sometimes found in cancer cells or immortalized cell lines. ...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and their Promoters
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases and their Promoters

... – Spacing between these elements is important ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... – 146 bp of DNA wrapped 1.75 turns. • Core histones dimerize through their histone fold motifs generating H3/H4 dimers and H2A H2B ...
Chinese company edits pig DNA, develops piglets that will stay pet
Chinese company edits pig DNA, develops piglets that will stay pet

... pigs. She is a biotechnology expert at the University of California, Davis. Van Eenennaam said the fact that the company is advertising them as pets, not pork, reflects another problem. Many people around the world are opposed to using gene-edited, or bioengeneered, animals for food and other more se ...
Genetic Technology - McGraw Hill Higher Education
Genetic Technology - McGraw Hill Higher Education

... FIGURE 14.1 Recombining DNA. A restriction enzyme makes “sticky ends” in DNA by cutting it at specific sequences. (A) The enzyme EcoRI cuts the sequence GAATTC between G and the A. (B) This staggered cutting pattern produces “sticky ends” of sequence AATT. The ends attract through complementary base ...
Chapter 7 Darwin, Mendel and Theories of Inheritance
Chapter 7 Darwin, Mendel and Theories of Inheritance

... – In general, alleles represent specific DNA sequences, and are passed unchanged from one generation to the next, so long as no mutations occur within the sequence – However, there can be variation in the phenotype, even when the genotype is constant • Other genes (alleles at different loci) may inf ...
Draw me a picture
Draw me a picture

pdf
pdf

... consensus) and bends DNA there. The octamer site (ATTTGCAT) is bound by two related proteins. Oct1 is found in all tissues examined, whereas Oct2 is lymphoid specific - the first example of a tissue-specific transcription factor. Transcriptional activators that do not have their own DNA binding sequ ...
< 1 ... 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 ... 481 >

Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report