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Genetics: The Information Broker
Genetics: The Information Broker

... In genetic crosses the re-current quantitative ratio of 3:1 among offspring supports the presence of ____ copy/copies of each gene in an organism of all species of eukaryotes. ...
Lab 6: Electrophoresis
Lab 6: Electrophoresis

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2.4 RNA and Protein Synthesis
2.4 RNA and Protein Synthesis

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Epigenetics - UNM Biology
Epigenetics - UNM Biology

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... genetic information needed to create an adult is in our genome. Embryonic cells undergo differentiation to produce specific cell types such as muscle, nerve, and blood cells. Different cell types are the consequence of differential gene expression. ...
Describe the central dogma of molecular biology.
Describe the central dogma of molecular biology.

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All information is taken from open sources, mostly wikipedia Flu

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Define genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code
Define genetics, genome, chromosome, gene, genetic code

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Whose DNA was sequenced for the Human Genome Project?

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Chapter 8 Human Genetics and Biotechnology Worksheets
Chapter 8 Human Genetics and Biotechnology Worksheets

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Genetic engineering of human FSH (Gonal
Genetic engineering of human FSH (Gonal

... proteins must also follow a set of instructions. These instructions are carried by another macromolecule called DNA which, in mammalian cells, is found in the chromosomes which are located in the nucleus. The basic building block of DNA is a nucleotide, comprising a base, a sugar and a phosphate gro ...
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Annotation Practice Activity [Based on materials from the GEP

... A genome is the total genetic content of an organism. In order to study a genome, DNA is isolated from a convenient tissue source, digested with a battery of restriction enzymes or physically broken into 1-2 kb DNA fragments and cloned into appropriate vectors. The total of all the cloned fragments ...
Assignment 2
Assignment 2

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Metagenomics: DNA sequencing of environmental samples
Metagenomics: DNA sequencing of environmental samples

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Name ______ Date ______ Must be completed by March 13, 2015

... What is a protein? 17. Our bodies contain about 100 _________________ cells. In these cells the machines that do work are molecules called _____________. 18. Animals feel pain because cells called n_________ send messages to the brain. Draw one of these cells. R ___________ proteins on the cells ena ...
Protein Synthesis Webquest
Protein Synthesis Webquest

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Transcription and translation ppt

... DNA that is transcribed into RNA is called a gene). RNA polymerase separates the DNA strands and synthesises a complementary RNA copy from the antisense DNA strand It does this by covalently bonding ribonucleoside triphosphates that align opposite their exposed complementary partner (using the energ ...
Chapter 3 Proteins: - California State University San Marcos
Chapter 3 Proteins: - California State University San Marcos

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... specialists, who, she said, were interested in the prospect of creating a genetic model for fighting diseases. A tool to spot cystic-fibrosis The Audubon scientists want to use their technique to develop a gene-therapy treatment for cystic fibrosis, an incurable hereditary disease for which, Gomez s ...
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F1C - OIE

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Lab 08-Bacterial Transformation
Lab 08-Bacterial Transformation

... In this activity, you will learn about the process of moving genes from one organism to another with the aid of a plasmid. In addition to one large chromosome, bacteria naturally contain one or more small circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. Plasmid DNA usually contains genes for one or more trai ...
9.3 – Blueprint of Life - Resource Centre / FrontPage
9.3 – Blueprint of Life - Resource Centre / FrontPage

... accompanied by selection, allow change over many generations:  Outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of:  Changes in the physical conditions in the environment:  Changes in the chemical condition in the environment:  Competition for resources: – Evolutionary theory states tha ...
Ahmad Shah Blueprint of Life
Ahmad Shah Blueprint of Life

... accompanied by selection, allow change over many generations:  Outline the impact on the evolution of plants and animals of:  Changes in the physical conditions in the environment:  Changes in the chemical condition in the environment:  Competition for resources: – Evolutionary theory states tha ...
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Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
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