Seafloor spreading model
... currents in the mantle. The plates are moving in all different directions. In some places the will collide head on. In some places they will rub against one another going in opposite directions. Where they collide or rub, you’ll get lots of earthquakes. In some places they will separate from one ano ...
... currents in the mantle. The plates are moving in all different directions. In some places the will collide head on. In some places they will rub against one another going in opposite directions. Where they collide or rub, you’ll get lots of earthquakes. In some places they will separate from one ano ...
OBJECTIVES: Students will gain an understanding of how
... Scientists refer to the Mid-Atlantic submarine mountainous region as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Theory of Seafloor Spreading states that seafloor spreading is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new ocean crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ...
... Scientists refer to the Mid-Atlantic submarine mountainous region as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The Theory of Seafloor Spreading states that seafloor spreading is a process that occurs at mid-ocean ridges, where new ocean crust is formed through volcanic activity and then gradually moves away from the ...
Seafloor Spreading notes guide 2015
... varying depths of the ocean. This is known as “sonar” today. 2. While using this method of echo location, they discovered an underwater system of ____________________ (mountains) and ____________________. 3. In the Atlantic, Pacific, and other oceans around the world are a system of ridges called “_ ...
... varying depths of the ocean. This is known as “sonar” today. 2. While using this method of echo location, they discovered an underwater system of ____________________ (mountains) and ____________________. 3. In the Atlantic, Pacific, and other oceans around the world are a system of ridges called “_ ...
Crack structure in oceanic crust: A seismic anisotropy study in the
... seismic reflection data, a high velocity and aspect ratio of A4θ /A2θ region within the dyke section indicates the presence of thinner cracks. We interpret that this interval may be partly filled by the minerals precipitated from active hydrothermal circulation and/or magmatic intrusions. Conversely ...
... seismic reflection data, a high velocity and aspect ratio of A4θ /A2θ region within the dyke section indicates the presence of thinner cracks. We interpret that this interval may be partly filled by the minerals precipitated from active hydrothermal circulation and/or magmatic intrusions. Conversely ...
Morphology of the distorted subducted Pacific slab beneath the
... in the northwest Pacific at different velocities, which has resulted in an arc–arc collision and distortion of the subducting oceanic lithosphere. Using P and S wave tomographic images and seismicity the distorted shape of the subducted Pacific plate beneath the Hokkaido corner can be interpreted in ...
... in the northwest Pacific at different velocities, which has resulted in an arc–arc collision and distortion of the subducting oceanic lithosphere. Using P and S wave tomographic images and seismicity the distorted shape of the subducted Pacific plate beneath the Hokkaido corner can be interpreted in ...
Plate Tectonic Models for Southern California
... Compiled by Ellen Kelley for WMSC graduate interns For over 100 million years a major oceanic plate -- the Farallon Plate -- has been colliding with and subducting beneath the North American Plate. The collision has compressed the edge of the continent and scraped sediments off the ocean floor to cr ...
... Compiled by Ellen Kelley for WMSC graduate interns For over 100 million years a major oceanic plate -- the Farallon Plate -- has been colliding with and subducting beneath the North American Plate. The collision has compressed the edge of the continent and scraped sediments off the ocean floor to cr ...
On the formation of the arc of the Western Alps and
... Tonale-Simplon-Valais strike slip zone in the N and a sinistral strike slip zone near Cuneo in the S. A third stage of arc formation is related to the opening of the Ligurian-Provencal and Tyrrhenian basins starting at around 30 Ma, affecting the Alps-Apennine transition zone from Mid-Miocene times ...
... Tonale-Simplon-Valais strike slip zone in the N and a sinistral strike slip zone near Cuneo in the S. A third stage of arc formation is related to the opening of the Ligurian-Provencal and Tyrrhenian basins starting at around 30 Ma, affecting the Alps-Apennine transition zone from Mid-Miocene times ...
Chapter 6 Section 4
... Building California by Plate Tectonics • The region that we know as California has been at an active plate boundary for the past 225 million years. • As a result, plate tectonics has been the most important force shaping California’s geologic history. • Before about 225 million years ago, North Amer ...
... Building California by Plate Tectonics • The region that we know as California has been at an active plate boundary for the past 225 million years. • As a result, plate tectonics has been the most important force shaping California’s geologic history. • Before about 225 million years ago, North Amer ...
The Origin of Ocean Basins
... • Sea floor increases in age and is more deeply buried by sediment away from the ridge because sediments have had a longer time to collect. ...
... • Sea floor increases in age and is more deeply buried by sediment away from the ridge because sediments have had a longer time to collect. ...
Cenozoic evolution of Neotethys and implications for the causes of
... occurred between 30 and 20 Ma, then any genetic relationship between collision and rifting is precluded. Even through the plate tectonic estimate provide the latest possible time of collision (10 Ma), the reconstructions also place reasonable bounds on a maximum age of collision. For example, for Ar ...
... occurred between 30 and 20 Ma, then any genetic relationship between collision and rifting is precluded. Even through the plate tectonic estimate provide the latest possible time of collision (10 Ma), the reconstructions also place reasonable bounds on a maximum age of collision. For example, for Ar ...
Ms Martinez Plate Tectonic Note taking sheet
... are being forced towards the North American plate because both plates form a divergent boundary with the oceanic Pacific plate. This means that the process of seafloor spreading is happening at each of these divergent boundaries. Patterns and Connections: The Cascade Mountain Range is very complicat ...
... are being forced towards the North American plate because both plates form a divergent boundary with the oceanic Pacific plate. This means that the process of seafloor spreading is happening at each of these divergent boundaries. Patterns and Connections: The Cascade Mountain Range is very complicat ...
Non-ideal Subduction
... distal (far west, deep sea) Antler marine basin thrust over and placed on top of the shallow water deposits of the con&nental margin. It is uncertain what process caused these deep water sediments to thrust up and over the con&nental edge, extending from southern California to Alaska. We have ...
... distal (far west, deep sea) Antler marine basin thrust over and placed on top of the shallow water deposits of the con&nental margin. It is uncertain what process caused these deep water sediments to thrust up and over the con&nental edge, extending from southern California to Alaska. We have ...
Philippine Sea Plate inception, evolution, and consumption with
... across the paleo-transform boundary between the proto-PSP and the Pacific Plate, Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction initiation and ultimately PSP inception. (2) The initial splitting phase of the composite proto-PSP under the plume influence at ∼54–48 Ma led to the formation of the long-lived West Philipp ...
... across the paleo-transform boundary between the proto-PSP and the Pacific Plate, Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction initiation and ultimately PSP inception. (2) The initial splitting phase of the composite proto-PSP under the plume influence at ∼54–48 Ma led to the formation of the long-lived West Philipp ...
Why the Philippine Sea Plate Moves as It Does
... •Continental fit can also be used to piece together previous continental (and thus plate) positions. Regions where the continents do not fit together perfectly can often be explained through subsequent erosion or other activity (the formation of deltas and deepsea fans, creation of volcanic rocks at ...
... •Continental fit can also be used to piece together previous continental (and thus plate) positions. Regions where the continents do not fit together perfectly can often be explained through subsequent erosion or other activity (the formation of deltas and deepsea fans, creation of volcanic rocks at ...
Exploring Plate Boundaries
... volcanoes (like the Cascades on our west coast), and deep-sea trenches can form. Oceanicoceanic plate collisions also occur at convergent boundaries. Volcanic island arcs and deep-sea trenches form at this type of boundary. Both types of collisions cause one plate to be forced beneath the other. As ...
... volcanoes (like the Cascades on our west coast), and deep-sea trenches can form. Oceanicoceanic plate collisions also occur at convergent boundaries. Volcanic island arcs and deep-sea trenches form at this type of boundary. Both types of collisions cause one plate to be forced beneath the other. As ...
13-1
... _____ 17. A major zone of active volcanoes encircling the Pacific Ocean is called a. the Giant Pacific Earthquake Zone. b. the Pacific Ring of Volcanoes. c. the Pacific Ring of Fire. d. the Pacific tectonic plate. _____ 18. The Pacific Ring of Fire is also one of Earth’s major a. flood zones. b. hur ...
... _____ 17. A major zone of active volcanoes encircling the Pacific Ocean is called a. the Giant Pacific Earthquake Zone. b. the Pacific Ring of Volcanoes. c. the Pacific Ring of Fire. d. the Pacific tectonic plate. _____ 18. The Pacific Ring of Fire is also one of Earth’s major a. flood zones. b. hur ...
tongariro national park
... Divergent boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle. Picture two giant conveyor belts, facing each other but slowly moving in opposite directions as they transport newly formed oceanic crust away from the ridge ...
... Divergent boundaries occur along spreading centers where plates are moving apart and new crust is created by magma pushing up from the mantle. Picture two giant conveyor belts, facing each other but slowly moving in opposite directions as they transport newly formed oceanic crust away from the ridge ...
PNW Tectonic Block Model
... Circle the names of the three major tectonic plates labeled on the map. 1. Which two plates are interacting at the Cascadia Subduction zone? The Juan de Fuca and the North American plates 2. Which plate is being subducted? How do you know? Answers will vary (using the key in the upper right hand c ...
... Circle the names of the three major tectonic plates labeled on the map. 1. Which two plates are interacting at the Cascadia Subduction zone? The Juan de Fuca and the North American plates 2. Which plate is being subducted? How do you know? Answers will vary (using the key in the upper right hand c ...
Summary Table for Three Types of Plate Boundaries
... Continental Plate Oceanic Plate Continental Plate plate Younger, dense Plates fold upward and continent moves over plate plate moves over plate thickens plate is forced , more dense plates are into the mantle in the plate is subducted too light to be subducted subduction zone Volcanoes form island a ...
... Continental Plate Oceanic Plate Continental Plate plate Younger, dense Plates fold upward and continent moves over plate plate moves over plate thickens plate is forced , more dense plates are into the mantle in the plate is subducted too light to be subducted subduction zone Volcanoes form island a ...
Plate Tectonics
... • Oceanic lithosphere subducts underneath the continental lithosphere • Oceanic lithosphere heats and dehydrates as it subsides • The melt rises forming volcanism • E.g. The Andes ...
... • Oceanic lithosphere subducts underneath the continental lithosphere • Oceanic lithosphere heats and dehydrates as it subsides • The melt rises forming volcanism • E.g. The Andes ...
Review of Seafloor Spreading
... 4. Magma cools and becomes solid – new seafloor 5. New sea floor moves away from the ridge *cools, contracts and becomes denser 6. denser, colder seafloor sinks helping to form the ridge 7. Subduction: old ocean floor sinks beneath the trench and returns to the mantle ...
... 4. Magma cools and becomes solid – new seafloor 5. New sea floor moves away from the ridge *cools, contracts and becomes denser 6. denser, colder seafloor sinks helping to form the ridge 7. Subduction: old ocean floor sinks beneath the trench and returns to the mantle ...
ERSC 1P92 Assignment 2. Locating plate boundaries on
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
Assignment 2. Locating plate boundaries on Trafalmador.
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
Assignment 5. Locating plate boundaries on Trafalmador.
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
... 1. Oceanic trenches •Deep earthquakes only occur in association with oceanic trenches. •They are a associated with BOTH shallow and intermediate earthquake. •Shallow, intermediate and deep earthquakes occur in linear distributions that are parallel to each other and parallel to the trench. •The tren ...
Homework Set 1
... Explain why earthquakes in subduction zones can occur so much deeper than the typical thickness of the seismogenic zone in either oceanic or continental lithosphere. ...
... Explain why earthquakes in subduction zones can occur so much deeper than the typical thickness of the seismogenic zone in either oceanic or continental lithosphere. ...
Izu-Bonin-Mariana Arc
The Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc system is an outstanding example of a plate tectonic convergent boundary. IBM extends over 2800 km south from Tokyo, Japan, to beyond Guam, and includes the Izu Islands, Bonin Islands, and Mariana Islands; much more of the IBM arc system is submerged below sealevel. The IBM arc system lies along the eastern margin of the Philippine Sea Plate in the Western Pacific Ocean. It is most famous for being the site of the deepest gash in Earth's solid surface, the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench. The IBM arc system formed as a result of subduction of the western Pacific plate. The IBM arc system now subducts mid-Jurassic to Early Cretaceous lithosphere, with younger lithosphere in the north and older lithosphere in the south, including the oldest (~170 million years old, or Ma) oceanic crust. Subduction rates vary from ~2 cm (1 inch) per year in the south to 6 cm (~2.5 inches) in the north. The volcanic islands that comprise these island arcs are thought to have been formed from the release of volatiles (steam from trapped water, and other gases) being released from the subducted plate, as it reached sufficient depth for the temperature to cause release of these materials. The associated trenches are formed as the oldest (most western) part of the Pacific plate crust increases in density with age, and because of this process finally reaches its lowest point just as it subducts under the crust to the west of it.The IBM arc system is an excellent example of an intra-oceanic convergent margin (IOCM). IOCMs are built on oceanic crust and contrast fundamentally with island arc built on continental crust, such as Japan or the Andes. Because IOCM crust is thinner, denser, and more refractory than that beneath Andean-type margins, study of IOCM melts and fluids allows more confident assessment of mantle-to-crust fluxes and processes than is possible for Andean-type convergent margins. Because IOCMs are far removed from continents they are not affected by the large volume of alluvial and glacial sediments. The consequent thin sedimentary cover makes it much easier to study arc infrastructure and determine the mass and composition of subducted sediments. Active hydrothermal systems found on the submarine parts of IOCMs give us a chance to study how many of earth's important ore deposits formed.