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anthrax - sfcdcp
anthrax - sfcdcp

... resulted from direct or indirect exposure to mail that was deliberately contaminated with anthrax spores. In total, 22 cases were identified, 11 with inhalational (five fatal) and 11 with cutaneous anthrax (seven confirmed, four suspected). Several countries have had anthrax weaponization programs i ...
Anthrax JULY 2008 - San Francisco Bay Area Advanced Practice
Anthrax JULY 2008 - San Francisco Bay Area Advanced Practice

... Gastrointestinal (GI) anthrax results from ingestion of B. anthracis bacteria, such as may be found in poorly cooked meat from infected animals. The incubation period for GI anthrax is 1-7 days. Two clinical presentations have been described: intestinal and oropharyngeal. With intestinal anthrax, in ...
Anthrax as a Biological Weapon Medical and Public Health
Anthrax as a Biological Weapon Medical and Public Health

... The working group comprised 21 representatives from academic medical centers and research, government, military, public health, and emergency management institutions and agencies. MEDLINE databases were searched from January 1966 to April 1998 for the Medical Subject Headings anthrax,Bacillus anthra ...
Outbreak Scenario 2
Outbreak Scenario 2

... • Outbreak • Increased Incidence ...
a mathematical simulation of the inflammatory response to anthrax
a mathematical simulation of the inflammatory response to anthrax

... for which other qualitative simulations have been carried out both using our equation-based models of varying degrees of detail (13, 38Y40) and using agent-based models (41). The ‘‘healthy’’ and ‘‘shock’’ scenarios are shown in Figures 2 and 3, respectively. In Figure 2, the bacteria grow and immune ...
Weapons of Mass Destruction - Environmental Public Health Today
Weapons of Mass Destruction - Environmental Public Health Today

... Avian Bird Flu • Bird migration is one possible route of introduction of highly pathogenic H5N1 virus but it is not known how likely this could be. • No currently available human vaccine for the H5N1 • Can give treatment for flu like infection ...
MANFRED GREEN
MANFRED GREEN

... Are the regulations appropriate for implementation in real time? ...
Menacing Microbes: The Threat of Bioterrorism
Menacing Microbes: The Threat of Bioterrorism

... Bioweapons in the 20th Century • Geneva Protocol (1925) – Prohibited use of chemical and biological weapons in warfare – Did not address production of such weapons – Had no provisions for enforcement – Active programs to develop bioweapons in the US, USSR, UK, France, and Japan ...
Economic, Social, and/or Political Impact of Infectious Diseases
Economic, Social, and/or Political Impact of Infectious Diseases

... were unleashed on a new population, killing the native population. Infectious diseases have shaped Ancient Greek history, Early Eurpoean history, the Middle Ages, and colonization of new lands.  Infectious disease has managed human population. Several times, an epidemic has killed ¼-1/2 of current ...
"Technical, Economics and Legal Obstacles to the Development of Faccines and other Therapeutics for Potential Bioterrorism Agents" 
"Technical, Economics and Legal Obstacles to the Development of Faccines and other Therapeutics for Potential Bioterrorism Agents" 

... Select Aspects of Response – Vaccines ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... culture; serological test (F1 specific antibody positive after 8-14 days) used for retrospective diagnosis • Treatment: streptomycin or gentamycin, (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin as alternatives) • Prognosis: 40-60% fatal without treatment (14% of U.S. cases fatal, 1970-present) because Y. pestis diss ...
Bioterrorism: Key Facts about Anthrax, Smallpox, Plague and Botulism
Bioterrorism: Key Facts about Anthrax, Smallpox, Plague and Botulism

... and immediate notification is required. Smallpox virus is highly infectious in aerosol form and has a case fatality rate of 30%. It is highly transmissible and could spread rapidly through susceptible populations. Prodromal symptoms are non-specific and include malaise, fever, rigors, vomiting, head ...
Approved
Approved

... infectious illnesses of especially dangerous infections. - pay attention to functional duties of epidemiologist who received informationon occurrence of especially dangerous infection nidus; - when drawing up an epidemiological anamnesis, take into consideration duration of incubation period (minimu ...
Global Diseases biological challenges of the 21st Century
Global Diseases biological challenges of the 21st Century

... More than half of the scientists are no longer working in the old biological weapons labs. Many have gone abroad The major production lab for smallpox virus, at Sergiyev Posad, remains a secret facility The major viral weapons research lab continues work on smallpox, Ebola, et al Former Vice-Ministe ...
Anthrax - Government of Manitoba
Anthrax - Government of Manitoba

... from infected cattle have occurred in Africa, Asia, Russia and the USA (12, 19). b The rate and extent of sporulation by vegetative cells shed from infected animals is affected in a complex manner by the environmental conditions into which they fall (2). Under certain laboratory conditions, sporulat ...
BIOTERRORISM: - South Carolina Area Health Education
BIOTERRORISM: - South Carolina Area Health Education

... property to intimidate or coerce a government or civilian population in the furtherance of political or social objectives. ...
Menacing Microbes: The Threat of Bioterrorism
Menacing Microbes: The Threat of Bioterrorism

... http://www.bethelhistorical.org/Molly_Ockett_and_Her_World.html ...
Principles of Industrial Hygiene
Principles of Industrial Hygiene

... • Hazardous by most routes of exposure - contact facilitated by dermal penetrants like DMSO • Range of effects from tissue necrosis to nervous ...
Natural cutaneous anthrax infection, but not vaccination, induces a CD4
Natural cutaneous anthrax infection, but not vaccination, induces a CD4

... broad range of Th subsets with little or no evidence of helper T cell polarization. Indeed, following anthrax infection, in vitro recall responses to the LF domain IV protein were characterised by a more diverse cytokine profile than immunization with the AVP vaccine was capable of provoking. The re ...
Must be present!
Must be present!

... required by the American Medical Association (AMA) and other continuing education credit authorizing organizations: – In order to assure the highest quality of CME programming, the AMA requires that faculty disclose any information relating to a conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest ...
Anthrax in Europe: its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and role
Anthrax in Europe: its epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and role

... World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland and 2Private Consultant, Stone Mountain, GA, USA In the 2001 bioterrorist attack in the United States, in which at least 22 cases of anthrax occurred, there was initial uncertainty as to whether the index case was acquired from natural sources, and many ...
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan
Bioterrorism Readiness Plan

... ventilation needed Maintain isolation for 72 hours after effective antimicrobial therapy has been initiated Vaccine not practical since requires multiple doses over several weeks and post exposure immunity has no utility Post exposure Prophylaxis Doxycycline Ciprofloxacin ...
Gram Positive Bacilli
Gram Positive Bacilli

... Transmitted by contact with animal products eschar Spores remain infectious for years Usually cutaneous inoculation - slow healing ulcer, bacilli spread to lymphatics and bloodstream – 20% mortality if untreated – Respiratory anthrax is usually fatal even if treated – GI anthrax also occurs in some ...
ApocapIText - Microscopy-UK
ApocapIText - Microscopy-UK

... sorrow. Since the subject of infectious disease is of general interest, I will comment on the slide set, on each of the individual slides, and briefly, on the corresponding disease. ...
Bioweapons - Texas A&M University–Central Texas
Bioweapons - Texas A&M University–Central Texas

... Province... The germ was first dumped into the Wei River, then the dike was destroyed to let the water flow into a larger area to rapidly spread the germ. I personally participated in this mission. I handed the germ to Kakizoe Shinobu, an Army medical doctor. He then in turn sent someone else to spr ...
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Steven Hatfill

Steven Jay Hatfill (born October 24, 1953) is an American physician, virologist and biological weapons expert.A former biodefense researcher for the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick, Hatfill came to the public eye after being wrongfully suspected in the 2001 anthrax attacks.Hatfill became ""the subject of a flood of news media coverage beginning in mid-2002, after television cameras showed Federal Bureau of Investigation agents in biohazard suits searching his apartment"" and then Attorney General John Ashcroft named him ""person of interest"" in the investigation on national television. Hatfill's home was repeatedly raided by the FBI, his phone was tapped, and he was extensively surveilled for more than two years; he was also fired from his job at Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC). ""At a news conference in August 2002, Hatfill tearfully denied that he had anything to do with the anthrax letters and said irresponsible news media coverage based on government leaks had destroyed his reputation."" Hatfill filed a lawsuit in 2003, accusing the FBI agents and Justice Department officials who led the criminal investigation of leaking information about him to the press in violation of the federal Privacy Act.In 2008, the government settled Hatfill's lawsuit with a $4.6 million annuity totaling $5.8 million in payment. and officially exonerated Hatfill of any involvement in the anthrax attacks, and the Justice Department identified another military scientist, Bruce Edward Ivins, as the sole perpetrator of the anthrax attacks. Jeffrey A. Taylor, the U.S. Attorney for the District of Columbia, wrote in a letter to Hatfill's lawyer that ""we have concluded, based on laboratory access records, witness accounts and other information, that Dr. Hatfill did not have access to the particular anthrax used in the attacks, and that he was not involved in the anthrax mailings.""In 2004, Hatfill filed lawsuits against several periodicals and journalists who had identified him as a figure warranting further investigation in the anthrax attacks. Hatfill sued the New York Times Company and New York Times columnist Nicholas Kristof for defamation, defamation per se, and intentional infliction of emotional distress in connection with five of Kristof's columns in 2002. The courts dismissed this suit, finding that Hatfill was a limited purpose public figure. In 2007, Hatfill settled a similar libel lawsuit against Vanity Fair and Reader's Digest for an undisclosed amount, after both magazines agreed to formally retract any implication that Hatfill was involved in the anthrax mailings.David Freed writes that Hatfill's story ""provides a cautionary tale about how federal authorities, fueled by the general panic over terrorism, embraced conjecture and coincidence as evidence, and blindly pursued one suspect while the real anthrax killer roamed free for more than six years. Hatfill's experience is also the wrenching saga of how an American citizen who saw himself as a patriot came to be vilified and presumed guilty, as his country turned against him.""
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