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Chapter 14: Conserving Biodiversity
Chapter 14: Conserving Biodiversity

...  ~7722 square miles of So. American rainforest are cut each year.  This rate will reduce rainforest to 10% of original size within 35 years  Will mean extinction of about 50,000 species ...
Food web structure and habitat loss
Food web structure and habitat loss

... and butter¯y±plant communities (Steffan-Dewenter & Tscharntke 2000). Consequently, prey species outbreaks may be more common once their natural enemies have been driven extinct by destruction of habitat (Kruess & Tscharntke 1994). Second, habitat loss has a more severe effect on species that are bet ...
report - DIGITAL.CSIC, el repositorio institucional
report - DIGITAL.CSIC, el repositorio institucional

... and butterfly—plant communities (Steffan-Dewenter & Tscharntke 2000). Consequently, prey species outbreaks may be more common once their natural enemies have been driven extinct by destruction of habitat (Kruess & Tscharntke 1994). Second, habitat loss has a more severe effect on species that are be ...
Application - Office of Environment and Heritage
Application - Office of Environment and Heritage

... fragmented or isolated to the long-term survival of the species, population or ecological community in the locality. ...
Section 5.1 Summary – pages 111-120
Section 5.1 Summary – pages 111-120

... Conservation of Biodiversity • Conservation biology is the study and implementation of methods to preserve Earth’s biodiversity. • In 1973, the Endangered Species Act was signed into law in response to concerns about species extinction. The law protects species on the endangered and threatened spec ...
Barriers to Biodiversity
Barriers to Biodiversity

... wetland, or install a pipeline across the tundra, or run an electric power line through a forest. Although the entire habitat has not been lost, we have drawn a line through it that can create problems for some species. Animals that get hit by cars on our highways are only trying to get from one par ...
EXTINCTION IS FOREVER: When the last members of a species die
EXTINCTION IS FOREVER: When the last members of a species die

... and fossil fuels and not properly reclaimed, it becomes barren. When forests are cut and new trees are not planted, or jungles are burned, cropped, and abandoned, they become barren. Careful choice of land and appropriate sustainable management techniques can produce more timber and crops, and do so ...
Prehistoric Life Guided Tour PreVisit Evolutionary Adaptations
Prehistoric Life Guided Tour PreVisit Evolutionary Adaptations

... Trilobites   may   have   curled   up   to   avoid  predation   just   as   pill   bugs   do   today  ...
Community stability and selective extinction during the Permian
Community stability and selective extinction during the Permian

... measurements of the droplet size distribution in localized volumes that clouds indeed have sharp edges down to centimeter scales. Apparently, even when the edges, which represent the signature of transient mixing events, eventually diffuse away, they do so after sufficient evaporation occurs that th ...
Habitat Selection
Habitat Selection

... • Wildlife perceiving correct configuration of habitat needed for survival – differences based on age/experience/chance? – hierarchy to decision process • Niche concept (time/place/functional role) & habitat selection • For example, in open habitats, bats use lowfrequency / long-distance calls (ultr ...
Bornean Orangutans are now officially Critically
Bornean Orangutans are now officially Critically

... individuals or protecting their forest habitat. These strategies are both complex, but everyone can contribute to make a difference. Hunting is the major reason for orangutan decline in Borneo. This threat must be stopped. People who are killing orangutans must be informed that this is illegal; they ...
The Cronus hypothesis – extinction as a necessary and dynamic
The Cronus hypothesis – extinction as a necessary and dynamic

... [birth] in population models. Extinction of species (EXT) occurs within assemblages (or entire assemblages can disappear during mass extinction events) – a process operating like mortality [death] of individuals in a population. Groups of species assemblages can interact within a single biogeographi ...
Biology - Riverside Military Academy
Biology - Riverside Military Academy

... population growth rate; emigration; immigration; carrying capacity; demography; demographic transition; zero population growth; age structure Chapter 5: extinction; biodiversity; genetic diversity; species diversity; ecosystem diversity; background extinction; mass extinction; natural resource; over ...
Document
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... IV. The case of migratory songbirds V. Protecting wildlife/biotic integrity in a fragmented landscape: Challenges facing remnant natural areas ...
Biogeography
Biogeography

... species that can reach and occupy just about any habitat type will see any region as one large continuous area full of suitable habitat.  In contrast, specialist species that have very narrow niches will see the same area as divided into many distinct habitats, only some of which they can occupy ...
PPT Slide - Tennessee State University
PPT Slide - Tennessee State University

... 1.All patches are equal 2.(e) and (c) for each patch are the same 3.Each occupied patch contribute equally to dispersal 4.Colonization and extinction in each patch occur independently of other patches 5.Colonization rate is proportional to the fraction of occupied patches (p) ...
Relative abundance I: commonness and rarity
Relative abundance I: commonness and rarity

... Large area needs Large body size-large home range-high trophic level Species of productive habitats used by people Migratory species Highly concentrated populations for breeding Limited dispersal ability Low population growth rate Low genetic variation High dependence on species that are extinction ...
The History of Evolution of Life on Earth Told by Paleoparasitology
The History of Evolution of Life on Earth Told by Paleoparasitology

... an exotic species in the island, according to the parasitologist Durham [13] R. rattus would have carried infected fleas infesting consequently the native species of the island: Rattus macleari e Rattus natwitatis. These native species are then susceptible hosts with high sensibility that caused the ...
BISC530: Biology Conservation Kedong Yin
BISC530: Biology Conservation Kedong Yin

... greater than local mortality and individuals disperse outside their natural patch to find a place to settle and breed. ...
4.0 Billion Years of Earth Environmental Change
4.0 Billion Years of Earth Environmental Change

... Between about 18,000 and 11,500 years ago the climate and environments of North America were changing rapidly. Temperatures were warming. Rainfall patterns were changing. The glaciers were melting. The seasonal difference in temperatures was increasing. These climate changes were causing fundamental ...
Facing Extinction: 9 Steps to Save
Facing Extinction: 9 Steps to Save

... than the background rate in the fossil record. More than 10% of all bird species remain threatened. Seabirds have been in special jeopardy—rats took out many island colonies, and about 130 of the 450 remaining species are threatened with extinction— but forest birds aren’t faring much better. If def ...
Facing Extinction: 9 Steps to Save Biodiversity
Facing Extinction: 9 Steps to Save Biodiversity

... than the background rate in the fossil record. More than 10% of all bird species remain threatened. Seabirds have been in special jeopardy—rats took out many island colonies, and about 130 of the 450 remaining species are threatened with extinction— but forest birds aren’t faring much better. If def ...
Jaguar
Jaguar

... Like most large cats, jaguars are solitary animals. Mature jaguars only interact to mate or dispute territory. They are the only species in the genus Panthera (big cats with the ability to roar) in the Americas, though their roar often resembles a cough or grunt. Jaguars are most active during dawn, ...
Landscape Issues for Wildlife
Landscape Issues for Wildlife

... •Species turnover is highest in small isolates, indicating extinctions, but also colonizations. •Richness remained equal among treatments indicating replacements of permanent residents on the small, isolated fragments •Resident birds went extinct most frequently •Species vary in their ability (“will ...
Biol 106 Ecology Modeling Lab
Biol 106 Ecology Modeling Lab

... respond to change (e.g., via natural selection) or go extinct. This pattern is a natural phenomenon occurring since life first evolved; however, the current rate of species extinction has increased due to human activities. Species require specific habitats (areas that support a specific group of spe ...
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Extinction debt

In ecology, extinction debt is the future extinction of species due to events in the past. Extinction debt occurs because of time delays between impacts on a species, such as destruction of habitat, and the species' ultimate disappearance. For instance, long-lived trees may survive for many years even after reproduction of new trees has become impossible, and thus they may be committed to extinction. Technically, extinction debt generally refers to the number of species in an area likely to go extinct, rather than the prospects of any one species, but colloquially it refers to any occurrence of delayed extinction.In discussions of threats to biodiversity, extinction debt is analogous to the ""climate commitment"" in climate change, which states that inertia will cause the earth to continue to warm for centuries even if no more greenhouse gasses are emitted. Similarly, the current extinction may continue long after human impacts on species halt.Extinction debt may be local or global, but most examples are local as these are easier to observe and model. It is most likely to be found in long-lived species and species with very specific habitat requirements (specialists). Extinction debt has important implications for conservation, as it implies that species may go extinct due to past habitat destruction, even if continued impacts cease, and that current reserves may not be sufficient to maintain the species that occupy them. Interventions such as habitat restoration may reverse extinction debt.Immigration credit is the corollary to extinction debt. It refers to the number of species likely to immigrate to an area after an event such as the restoration of an ecosystem.
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