Electricity Notes
... • Door knob is an conductor, the charge flows quickly. The moving charge make a brief intense electric current between you and the door knob. ...
... • Door knob is an conductor, the charge flows quickly. The moving charge make a brief intense electric current between you and the door knob. ...
pptx
... differences across each element, and make the total equal to zero when you come back to the original point. • Junction rule: at every junction, total current is conserved. • Problem strategy: – Replace resistors in series and in parallel with their equivalent resistors – Draw currents in every wire, ...
... differences across each element, and make the total equal to zero when you come back to the original point. • Junction rule: at every junction, total current is conserved. • Problem strategy: – Replace resistors in series and in parallel with their equivalent resistors – Draw currents in every wire, ...
PHE-10
... 2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers. 3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet. 4) Your answers should be precise and in your own words. Do not copy answers from study material. 5) While solving problems, clearly ...
... 2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers. 3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet. 4) Your answers should be precise and in your own words. Do not copy answers from study material. 5) While solving problems, clearly ...
Lecture 9
... to meet the demands of the circuit If the current exceeds the rating of the circuit breaker, the breaker acts as a switch and opens the circuit Household circuits actually use alternating current and voltage ...
... to meet the demands of the circuit If the current exceeds the rating of the circuit breaker, the breaker acts as a switch and opens the circuit Household circuits actually use alternating current and voltage ...
Circuit Timing
... A timing table may specify a range of values for each delay for a device. Maximum: longest possible delay Typical: under near-ideal condition Minimum: smallest. Many manufactures don’t specify this values in most moderate-speed logic families (74LS,74S TTL). Set to zero or 1/4~1/3 of typical ...
... A timing table may specify a range of values for each delay for a device. Maximum: longest possible delay Typical: under near-ideal condition Minimum: smallest. Many manufactures don’t specify this values in most moderate-speed logic families (74LS,74S TTL). Set to zero or 1/4~1/3 of typical ...
Word Document - UCSD VLSI CAD Laboratory
... Experiment 1: (Exercise 1, chapter 9) Testing the beeper circuit 1) Test the beeper circuit using the function generator. First set up the circuit as shown in Fig. 3.1 using the protoboard. Use the function generator to generate a 0 - 5 V square wave with a frequency of 2.5 kHz and verify the wavefo ...
... Experiment 1: (Exercise 1, chapter 9) Testing the beeper circuit 1) Test the beeper circuit using the function generator. First set up the circuit as shown in Fig. 3.1 using the protoboard. Use the function generator to generate a 0 - 5 V square wave with a frequency of 2.5 kHz and verify the wavefo ...
Key Design Factors for Power and Ground Connections
... cy spurious signals are often the result of poor isolation of the power connection. A circuit’s design may require the second option for the DC power connection—effectively grounding it at all pertinent frequencies. Because DC continuity is required, this is accomplished with a bypass capacitor, som ...
... cy spurious signals are often the result of poor isolation of the power connection. A circuit’s design may require the second option for the DC power connection—effectively grounding it at all pertinent frequencies. Because DC continuity is required, this is accomplished with a bypass capacitor, som ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.