A 40 MHz 70 dB Gain Variable Gain Amplifier Design
... The circuit layout design was completed using Cadence Virtuoso Design Editor Environment in IBM 0.18 µm CMOS process with 6 metal layers. Each OTA cell was laid out in cascade, resulting in the 3-stage VGA final layout showed in Figure 7. The input differential pairs and current mirrors were impleme ...
... The circuit layout design was completed using Cadence Virtuoso Design Editor Environment in IBM 0.18 µm CMOS process with 6 metal layers. Each OTA cell was laid out in cascade, resulting in the 3-stage VGA final layout showed in Figure 7. The input differential pairs and current mirrors were impleme ...
G7 - PRACTICAL CIRCUITS [2 exam question - 2
... G7A12 What type of receiver is suitable for CW and SSB reception but does not require a mixer stage or an IF amplifier? A. A super-regenerative receiver B. A TRF receiver C. A super-heterodyne receiver ...
... G7A12 What type of receiver is suitable for CW and SSB reception but does not require a mixer stage or an IF amplifier? A. A super-regenerative receiver B. A TRF receiver C. A super-heterodyne receiver ...
G7A01 What safety feature does a power
... G7C08 What type of circuit is used in many FM receivers to convert signals coming from the IF amplifier to audio? A. Product detector B. Phase inverter C. Mixer D. Discriminator ...
... G7C08 What type of circuit is used in many FM receivers to convert signals coming from the IF amplifier to audio? A. Product detector B. Phase inverter C. Mixer D. Discriminator ...
EECE251 Circuit Analysis I Set 1: Basic Concepts and Resistive
... belong to the same branch.(even if they are separated by other elements). In general, circuit elements are in series when they are sequentially connected end-to-end and only share binary nodes among them. Elements that are in series carry the same current. ...
... belong to the same branch.(even if they are separated by other elements). In general, circuit elements are in series when they are sequentially connected end-to-end and only share binary nodes among them. Elements that are in series carry the same current. ...
AND8414 - Everything You Wanted to Know About Digital
... voltage converter or programmable voltage divider. In fact, many engineers will use the digital POT as a DAC substitute because of the nonvolatility feature of the pot. However, using a digital POT for a DAC represents but one application ...
... voltage converter or programmable voltage divider. In fact, many engineers will use the digital POT as a DAC substitute because of the nonvolatility feature of the pot. However, using a digital POT for a DAC represents but one application ...
Electric circuits Circuits – Think like an electron
... Electrical power dissipated (used up) in component Also Ohm’s Law: V = IR Substitute into power law to get different forms: ...
... Electrical power dissipated (used up) in component Also Ohm’s Law: V = IR Substitute into power law to get different forms: ...
Trip circuit and Trip Coil supervision Relay
... is also energised via the normally closed auxiliary switch of the circuit- breaker and unit C is held-in by contact B-1 Unit B will detect trip circuit abnormalities with the circuit breaker open in a similar manner as unit A with the circuit breaker closed The C unit in both the versions are delaye ...
... is also energised via the normally closed auxiliary switch of the circuit- breaker and unit C is held-in by contact B-1 Unit B will detect trip circuit abnormalities with the circuit breaker open in a similar manner as unit A with the circuit breaker closed The C unit in both the versions are delaye ...
Integrated circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small plate (""chip"") of semiconductor material, normally silicon. This can be made much smaller than a discrete circuit made from independent electronic components. ICs can be made very compact, having up to several billion transistors and other electronic components in an area the size of a fingernail. The width of each conducting line in a circuit can be made smaller and smaller as the technology advances; in 2008 it dropped below 100 nanometers, and has now been reduced to tens of nanometers.ICs were made possible by experimental discoveries showing that semiconductor devices could perform the functions of vacuum tubes and by mid-20th-century technology advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. The integration of large numbers of tiny transistors into a small chip was an enormous improvement over the manual assembly of circuits using discrete electronic components. The integrated circuit's mass production capability, reliability and building-block approach to circuit design ensured the rapid adoption of standardized integrated circuits in place of designs using discrete transistors.ICs have two main advantages over discrete circuits: cost and performance. Cost is low because the chips, with all their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore, packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits. Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and consume little power (compared to their discrete counterparts) as a result of the small size and close proximity of the components. As of 2012, typical chip areas range from a few square millimeters to around 450 mm2, with up to 9 million transistors per mm2.Integrated circuits are used in virtually all electronic equipment today and have revolutionized the world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other digital home appliances are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of integrated circuits.