Beyond genetic discrimination. Problems and perspectives of a
... groups of the population than in others. For example, sickle cell anemia occurs more frequently among persons of African descent, Tay-Sachs Syndrome is especially widespread among Ashkenazi Jews, and most persons with the beta thalassemia gene are inhabitants of the Mediterranean rim. Since certain ...
... groups of the population than in others. For example, sickle cell anemia occurs more frequently among persons of African descent, Tay-Sachs Syndrome is especially widespread among Ashkenazi Jews, and most persons with the beta thalassemia gene are inhabitants of the Mediterranean rim. Since certain ...
Motoo Kimura and James Crow on the Infinitely Many Alleles Model
... Malécot’s result was relevant for a theoretical analysis of the reasons for this variation. They made the straightforward generalization of Malécot’s formula to (4Neu + 1)21, where Ne is the effective population size. [There are at least four concepts of effective population size (Ewens 2000); Kimur ...
... Malécot’s result was relevant for a theoretical analysis of the reasons for this variation. They made the straightforward generalization of Malécot’s formula to (4Neu + 1)21, where Ne is the effective population size. [There are at least four concepts of effective population size (Ewens 2000); Kimur ...
Mendelian Genetics Chapter 12 Reading Mendellian Genetics
... he taught high school and cared for a garden. It was in this garden that he completed his important experiments. Most of Mendel’s experiments involved crossing different types of pea plants. In this case, the word cross means “to mate or breed two individuals.” Mendel crossed a type of garden pea pl ...
... he taught high school and cared for a garden. It was in this garden that he completed his important experiments. Most of Mendel’s experiments involved crossing different types of pea plants. In this case, the word cross means “to mate or breed two individuals.” Mendel crossed a type of garden pea pl ...
Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics
... Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics JG Wallace1, SJ Larsson2 and ES Buckler1,2,3 Maize is the most widely grown cereal in the world. In addition to its role in global agriculture, it has also long served as a model organism for genetic research. Maize stands at a genetic cross ...
... Entering the second century of maize quantitative genetics JG Wallace1, SJ Larsson2 and ES Buckler1,2,3 Maize is the most widely grown cereal in the world. In addition to its role in global agriculture, it has also long served as a model organism for genetic research. Maize stands at a genetic cross ...
The infinitesimal model
... little seeds to be equal to that of the big ones, but so it was, and I thankfully accept the fact, for if it had been otherwise, I cannot imagine, from theoretical considerations, how the problem could be solved” (Galton, 1877, p.513). (In Galton’s experiments with sweet peas, plants were self-ferti ...
... little seeds to be equal to that of the big ones, but so it was, and I thankfully accept the fact, for if it had been otherwise, I cannot imagine, from theoretical considerations, how the problem could be solved” (Galton, 1877, p.513). (In Galton’s experiments with sweet peas, plants were self-ferti ...
C3H/HeJ
... between APN, an in-house strain with low CYP1A2 expression, and C3H/HeJ, a laboratory strain expressing normal CYP1A2 levels, determined that this phenotype is mediated by three quantitative trait loci (QTL) localized to chromosomes 1, 4 and 9, as previously reported. The QTL on chromosome 9 co-loca ...
... between APN, an in-house strain with low CYP1A2 expression, and C3H/HeJ, a laboratory strain expressing normal CYP1A2 levels, determined that this phenotype is mediated by three quantitative trait loci (QTL) localized to chromosomes 1, 4 and 9, as previously reported. The QTL on chromosome 9 co-loca ...
The use of genetic markers in poultry breeding
... experiments to map marker loci. Inbred lines are widely used in laboratory animals and plants. For livestock species completely inbred lines are not available. Methods using information from segregating populations have been developed in human genetics (Morton 1955; Ott 1991). Here, the influence of ...
... experiments to map marker loci. Inbred lines are widely used in laboratory animals and plants. For livestock species completely inbred lines are not available. Methods using information from segregating populations have been developed in human genetics (Morton 1955; Ott 1991). Here, the influence of ...
Chapter 1 - ANU Repository
... This is largely due to the involvement of multiple populations in hybrid improvement, yet only a single population in pure species improvement. Hence, while a large genetic gain may be made very quickly upon creating and deploying hybrids, the genetic gain per year achieved from recurrent selection ...
... This is largely due to the involvement of multiple populations in hybrid improvement, yet only a single population in pure species improvement. Hence, while a large genetic gain may be made very quickly upon creating and deploying hybrids, the genetic gain per year achieved from recurrent selection ...
Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Mapping
... density is approximately one per kilobase of DNA (3), and to date more than 15,000 SNPs have been identified. Thus, SNP mapping can provide data on very small intervals, and in some cases is capable of mapping to single-gene resolution. Most SNP mapping experiments begin with chromosome mapping (als ...
... density is approximately one per kilobase of DNA (3), and to date more than 15,000 SNPs have been identified. Thus, SNP mapping can provide data on very small intervals, and in some cases is capable of mapping to single-gene resolution. Most SNP mapping experiments begin with chromosome mapping (als ...
Using high-resolution variant frequencies to empower
... of 10 million genomic variants through the analysis of exome sequencing data from over 60,000 humans, provides an opportunity to obtain robust frequency estimates even for rare variants, improving the theoretical power for allele frequency filtering in Mendelian variant discovery efforts. In practic ...
... of 10 million genomic variants through the analysis of exome sequencing data from over 60,000 humans, provides an opportunity to obtain robust frequency estimates even for rare variants, improving the theoretical power for allele frequency filtering in Mendelian variant discovery efforts. In practic ...
Linear Dominance Relationship among Four Class
... enzyme, resulting in a wrinkled-seed character (Bhattacharyya et al. 1990). To date, dominant/recessive alleles have been isolated and characterized for many genes related to several phenomena in various plant species (Glazebrook 1999, Szymanski et al. 2000, Theisen 2001). The biological phenomena r ...
... enzyme, resulting in a wrinkled-seed character (Bhattacharyya et al. 1990). To date, dominant/recessive alleles have been isolated and characterized for many genes related to several phenomena in various plant species (Glazebrook 1999, Szymanski et al. 2000, Theisen 2001). The biological phenomena r ...
Apolipoprotein E Allele Distribution in Trisomy
... did not differ from that of the healthy control group. The mechanism of the deposition of senile plaques seems to be different. In trisomy 21, there are large plaques reflecting increased betaamyloid production, probably due to the higher activity of the amyloid gene, which is located in the chromos ...
... did not differ from that of the healthy control group. The mechanism of the deposition of senile plaques seems to be different. In trisomy 21, there are large plaques reflecting increased betaamyloid production, probably due to the higher activity of the amyloid gene, which is located in the chromos ...
Evolutionary advantages and drawbacks of uni- versus bi
... related unifactorial and bifactorial species and the increasing knowledge of the genetic systems of the different mechanisms, the basidiomycetes provide an excellent model to study the different forces that shape breeding systems. Keywords: bipolar, tetrapolar, mating system, sexual compatibility, s ...
... related unifactorial and bifactorial species and the increasing knowledge of the genetic systems of the different mechanisms, the basidiomycetes provide an excellent model to study the different forces that shape breeding systems. Keywords: bipolar, tetrapolar, mating system, sexual compatibility, s ...
Multiple Roles of the Y Chromosome in the Biology of
... segregates from the X chromosome, irrespective of its origin”[15]. This suggests two considerations: (1) although all Y chromosomes seem to evolve similarly in many organisms once they have been established, their origin may be very different even in the same taxon[15,38], being derived either from ...
... segregates from the X chromosome, irrespective of its origin”[15]. This suggests two considerations: (1) although all Y chromosomes seem to evolve similarly in many organisms once they have been established, their origin may be very different even in the same taxon[15,38], being derived either from ...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of the Endothelial Nitric
... Spermatozoa are the main source of NO. A constitutive NOS appears to be involved in sperm motility, capacitation, and acrosome reaction (Herrero et al, 1994; Yeoman et al, 1998; Herrero and Gagnon, 2001). Reports have shown eNOS as a cytoplasmic protein in Leydig and Sertoli cells as well as in all ...
... Spermatozoa are the main source of NO. A constitutive NOS appears to be involved in sperm motility, capacitation, and acrosome reaction (Herrero et al, 1994; Yeoman et al, 1998; Herrero and Gagnon, 2001). Reports have shown eNOS as a cytoplasmic protein in Leydig and Sertoli cells as well as in all ...
Genetic Evidence for a Silent SUC Gene in Yeast.
... adel) and 2080-8C (a SUC5 malo ade6) . To confirm the SUC genotypes of these tester strains, each was crossed to a sucrose-nonfermenting S288C suc20 strain (see RESULTS for description); tetrad analysis showed 2:2 (Suc+:Suc-) segregations in all cases except that of 14124D, for which insufficient da ...
... adel) and 2080-8C (a SUC5 malo ade6) . To confirm the SUC genotypes of these tester strains, each was crossed to a sucrose-nonfermenting S288C suc20 strain (see RESULTS for description); tetrad analysis showed 2:2 (Suc+:Suc-) segregations in all cases except that of 14124D, for which insufficient da ...
Selection and Adaptation of Fitness
... evolution remains a key challenge in evolutionary biology. Specifically, understanding how selection operates on phenotypic traits in wild and identifying the genomic regions directly targeted by selection are imperative to fully understand the genetic basis of adaptive evolution (Fisher 1930; Lande ...
... evolution remains a key challenge in evolutionary biology. Specifically, understanding how selection operates on phenotypic traits in wild and identifying the genomic regions directly targeted by selection are imperative to fully understand the genetic basis of adaptive evolution (Fisher 1930; Lande ...
julian huxley: developmental genetics and the theory of evolution
... as the investigations of another well-known scientist, D’Arcy Thompson. Huxley joined the circle of founders of contemporary eugenics, and only he related its problems with those of evolutionary theory, which stood out as the foundation for this old and controversial science. Moreover, Huxley saw in ...
... as the investigations of another well-known scientist, D’Arcy Thompson. Huxley joined the circle of founders of contemporary eugenics, and only he related its problems with those of evolutionary theory, which stood out as the foundation for this old and controversial science. Moreover, Huxley saw in ...
proximate-ultimate-ms-feb2014 (Harvard) - Philsci
... Gene pools of one generation only become gene pools of the next generation via phenotypes. The PUD implies a historically continuous lineage of gene pools with phenotypic offshoots (as shown in Figure 1) when, in fact, gene pools and phenotypes must be seen as occurring in series. On this view, caus ...
... Gene pools of one generation only become gene pools of the next generation via phenotypes. The PUD implies a historically continuous lineage of gene pools with phenotypic offshoots (as shown in Figure 1) when, in fact, gene pools and phenotypes must be seen as occurring in series. On this view, caus ...
PowerPoint Presentation - No Slide Title
... – Epistasis (G X G effects between loci) – Environment (G X E effects) ...
... – Epistasis (G X G effects between loci) – Environment (G X E effects) ...
Evidence for Mitotic Crossing-over During the
... have made this organism particularly attractive for studies of cell differentiation (for reviews see Bonner, 1967; Garrod & Ashworth, 1973). The application of genetic methods of analysis to this organism has, however, been delayed by the absence of any well-defined system of recombination. Previous ...
... have made this organism particularly attractive for studies of cell differentiation (for reviews see Bonner, 1967; Garrod & Ashworth, 1973). The application of genetic methods of analysis to this organism has, however, been delayed by the absence of any well-defined system of recombination. Previous ...
PDF File - Friends Science Publishers
... mysteries is the exploitation of complete genomes and from gross morphology of chromosomes to each and every nucleotide of the genome. The high degree of interspecific and individual variation of entire genome as well as the genotypic plasticity of some fitness properties, such as, adaptation to ext ...
... mysteries is the exploitation of complete genomes and from gross morphology of chromosomes to each and every nucleotide of the genome. The high degree of interspecific and individual variation of entire genome as well as the genotypic plasticity of some fitness properties, such as, adaptation to ext ...
Polymorphism (biology)
Polymorphism in biology is said to occur when two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species—in other words, the occurrence of more than one form or morph. In order to be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating).Polymorphism as described here involves morphs of the phenotype. The term is also used somewhat differently by molecular biologists to describe certain point mutations in the genotype, such as SNPs (see also RFLPs). This usage is not discussed in this article.Polymorphism is common in nature; it is related to biodiversity, genetic variation and adaptation; it usually functions to retain variety of form in a population living in a varied environment. The most common example is sexual dimorphism, which occurs in many organisms. Other examples are mimetic forms of butterflies (see mimicry), and human hemoglobin and blood types.According to the theory of evolution, polymorphism results from evolutionary processes, as does any aspect of a species. It is heritable and is modified by natural selection. In polyphenism, an individual's genetic make-up allows for different morphs, and the switch mechanism that determines which morph is shown is environmental. In genetic polymorphism, the genetic make-up determines the morph. Ants exhibit both types in a single population.Polymorphism also refers to the occurrence of structurally and functionally more than two different types of individuals, called zooids within the same organism. It is a characteristic feature of Cnidarians.For example, in Obelia there are feeding individuals, the gastrozooids; the individuals capable of asexual reproduction only, the gonozooids, blastostyles and free-living or sexually reproducing individuals, the medusae.