Does Flattening Government Improve Economic Performance?
... ‡attening initiative with the …scal authority moved from the prefectures to the province. The counties’…scal revenue and transfers tend to increase after the elimination of the intermediate layer of city government in …scal management. However, the enlarged span of control for the provincial governm ...
... ‡attening initiative with the …scal authority moved from the prefectures to the province. The counties’…scal revenue and transfers tend to increase after the elimination of the intermediate layer of city government in …scal management. However, the enlarged span of control for the provincial governm ...
Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa Recent
... The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is going through a period of unprecedented change.1 Political transitions—ranging in intensity from gradual reforms of the existing order to full-fledged transitions—are under way in a number of countries as their populations seek more voice and broader ...
... The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is going through a period of unprecedented change.1 Political transitions—ranging in intensity from gradual reforms of the existing order to full-fledged transitions—are under way in a number of countries as their populations seek more voice and broader ...
how to make sense of the structural reform lists for the euro area
... First, product market reforms with a focus on enhancing the Single Market should be the top priority now. They have the highest short-term gains, can be implemented in good and bad economic times, have the largest effects on potential growth and can contribute significantly to the functioning of the ...
... First, product market reforms with a focus on enhancing the Single Market should be the top priority now. They have the highest short-term gains, can be implemented in good and bad economic times, have the largest effects on potential growth and can contribute significantly to the functioning of the ...
Special Evaluation Study on ADB Support for Public
... afford. Public sector productivity and service delivery reforms were related to the worsening fiscal situation, but even prior to the reforms the provision of most public services in the Pacific DMCs were deemed inefficient, and improving public service efficiency and delivery of services was a rele ...
... afford. Public sector productivity and service delivery reforms were related to the worsening fiscal situation, but even prior to the reforms the provision of most public services in the Pacific DMCs were deemed inefficient, and improving public service efficiency and delivery of services was a rele ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... other countries have also implemented or are about to implement this type of reform, including Poland, Croatia, Latvia, Macedonia, and Kazakhstan. Multipillar systems are under preparation or consideration in several other countries of the region, as well. The facts that Hungary pioneered this type ...
... other countries have also implemented or are about to implement this type of reform, including Poland, Croatia, Latvia, Macedonia, and Kazakhstan. Multipillar systems are under preparation or consideration in several other countries of the region, as well. The facts that Hungary pioneered this type ...
Democratization and Reform Process in East Asian Developmental
... should be understood as a “process” rather than a “result.” Most countries are regarded as democratic if they simply satisfy the minimum condition of the procedural meaning of democracy, which is holding competitive elections not substantial meaning of democracy, which promotes equality. 3 Korea and ...
... should be understood as a “process” rather than a “result.” Most countries are regarded as democratic if they simply satisfy the minimum condition of the procedural meaning of democracy, which is holding competitive elections not substantial meaning of democracy, which promotes equality. 3 Korea and ...
The Effects of Labor and Product Market Reforms
... of macroeconomic shocks such as financial crises (Romer and Romer, 2015) or fiscal shocks (Jordà and Taylor, 2013). The role of macroeconomic conditions is explored using the smooth transition function proposed by Auerbach and Gorodnichenko (2012) to estimate fiscal multipliers in expansions and re ...
... of macroeconomic shocks such as financial crises (Romer and Romer, 2015) or fiscal shocks (Jordà and Taylor, 2013). The role of macroeconomic conditions is explored using the smooth transition function proposed by Auerbach and Gorodnichenko (2012) to estimate fiscal multipliers in expansions and re ...
institutional theory of economic reforms: basic
... usually leads to essential change of economic proportions, but this change occurs in the course of impact of more or less standard tools and lasts over a long period of time. If such change does not deal with the basic institutions, it can hardly be pertinently considered a reform. Structure reform ...
... usually leads to essential change of economic proportions, but this change occurs in the course of impact of more or less standard tools and lasts over a long period of time. If such change does not deal with the basic institutions, it can hardly be pertinently considered a reform. Structure reform ...
Understanding Reform Process in Kenya
... the politics of adjustment. Economic reforms have distributive consequences, creating benefits for some while creating hardships for others, or simply winners and losers. Thus, the success of reforms hinges on the government’s ability to mobilize political support for the programme and also to manag ...
... the politics of adjustment. Economic reforms have distributive consequences, creating benefits for some while creating hardships for others, or simply winners and losers. Thus, the success of reforms hinges on the government’s ability to mobilize political support for the programme and also to manag ...
Working Paper - Overseas Development Institute
... sweeping changes to overall economic policy carried out after the coup of 1973. The first phase that lasted until 1975 consisted of gradual measures to liberalise the economy and open the country for trade, while cutting back on the role of the state. For agriculture, the main measure was the part r ...
... sweeping changes to overall economic policy carried out after the coup of 1973. The first phase that lasted until 1975 consisted of gradual measures to liberalise the economy and open the country for trade, while cutting back on the role of the state. For agriculture, the main measure was the part r ...
“Shifting Phases of Decentralization and the Politics of Bureaucratic
... In control of the bargaining process, Cardoso’s susceptibility to political compromise would slowly emerge. Since 1995, the governors of the most indebted states have collectivized in opposition to his policies for increased debt repayment and fiscal reform. The classical dilemmas of collective acti ...
... In control of the bargaining process, Cardoso’s susceptibility to political compromise would slowly emerge. Since 1995, the governors of the most indebted states have collectivized in opposition to his policies for increased debt repayment and fiscal reform. The classical dilemmas of collective acti ...
ECONOMIC REFORM AND POLITICAL INTERPRETATIONS
... of the reforms is influenced by political considerations. On the other hand, it is not true that nothing changed or could change in politically sensitive policy areas. As Jenkins (1999) argued, even when reform initiatives did not attract headlines, they may have proceeded; albeit quietly and slowly ...
... of the reforms is influenced by political considerations. On the other hand, it is not true that nothing changed or could change in politically sensitive policy areas. As Jenkins (1999) argued, even when reform initiatives did not attract headlines, they may have proceeded; albeit quietly and slowly ...
The Political Economy of Policy Reform: Insights from Southeast Asia
... points (in economic policy) are invariably associated with macroeconomic crises.” The trigger could also be some other major event such as a military defeat (or threat), the cessation of external support, or a natural disaster. The underlying hypothesis is that reform is a difficult process, and soc ...
... points (in economic policy) are invariably associated with macroeconomic crises.” The trigger could also be some other major event such as a military defeat (or threat), the cessation of external support, or a natural disaster. The underlying hypothesis is that reform is a difficult process, and soc ...
Online Appendix - American Economic Association
... development accounting. We focus on exogenous measures of land quality and use estimates from the literature to back out the effect of land quality on productivity. The FAO in collaboration with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) has developed a system, known as the Glo ...
... development accounting. We focus on exogenous measures of land quality and use estimates from the literature to back out the effect of land quality on productivity. The FAO in collaboration with the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) has developed a system, known as the Glo ...
WHAT I LIKE ABOUT PAPER…
... 3.SORT OUT POLICY LESSONS. b • I infer Wagner considers 1st Best for EU to fix architecture so entrants not tempted to act irresponsibly • BUT if EU does not 2nd Best is then to delay EZ entry. OK makes sense, but he recognizes many countries HAVE been able to resist the temptation even after EZ ( ...
... 3.SORT OUT POLICY LESSONS. b • I infer Wagner considers 1st Best for EU to fix architecture so entrants not tempted to act irresponsibly • BUT if EU does not 2nd Best is then to delay EZ entry. OK makes sense, but he recognizes many countries HAVE been able to resist the temptation even after EZ ( ...
Cambodia
... leadership arrangements within the administration were clearly recognised. Attention was paid to coordination arrangements and the assignment of responsibilities within the administration for implementing the different activities. Furthermore, steps were taken to establish clear, positive and effici ...
... leadership arrangements within the administration were clearly recognised. Attention was paid to coordination arrangements and the assignment of responsibilities within the administration for implementing the different activities. Furthermore, steps were taken to establish clear, positive and effici ...
to view file - All India Digital Education
... India inherited a semi-feudal institutional system from the British. In that system ownership of land was monopolized by a small number of big landlords and land rents were exorbitantly high. These landlords were not interested in the development of agriculture. Instead working as intermediaries bet ...
... India inherited a semi-feudal institutional system from the British. In that system ownership of land was monopolized by a small number of big landlords and land rents were exorbitantly high. These landlords were not interested in the development of agriculture. Instead working as intermediaries bet ...
Economic Development and Economic Reform in China Wang Cheng
... technological and organizational retrogression for about 30 years). (Compare: during reform---Annual growth rate of GDP was 9.5% with an annual rate of TFP 2.8% in 1978-2000). ...
... technological and organizational retrogression for about 30 years). (Compare: during reform---Annual growth rate of GDP was 9.5% with an annual rate of TFP 2.8% in 1978-2000). ...
IV. Market Transition: Processes and Strategy
... rapidly changing cycles (ultimately giving up to mkt). But, substantial costs on the economy. ...
... rapidly changing cycles (ultimately giving up to mkt). But, substantial costs on the economy. ...
chad: poverty reduction support credit
... issues. As a consequence of this improved dialogue, considerable achievements were made under SAC IV and SAC V, notably the adoption of a National Governance Strategy, the organization of a national participatory Roundtable on the Justice sector, the publication of several major audit reports, and t ...
... issues. As a consequence of this improved dialogue, considerable achievements were made under SAC IV and SAC V, notably the adoption of a National Governance Strategy, the organization of a national participatory Roundtable on the Justice sector, the publication of several major audit reports, and t ...
Modern Era Review - Brookwood High School
... – Wealth was concentrated in the hands of a few – “Dependency Theory” ...
... – Wealth was concentrated in the hands of a few – “Dependency Theory” ...
Land reforms by country
Agrarian reform and land reform have been a recurring theme of enormous consequence in world history. The goal of this page is to compare and contrast the different land reforms that were done (or attempted) around the world.